Background and Objective: Depression and anxiety disorders (DAD) are the most prevalent mental disorders. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is an effective tool for treating different mental health conditions such as DAD. Patients’ involvement level in clinical decision-making (CDM) can affect and be affected by the different CBT modalities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on clinical decision-making.

Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at the psychotherapeutic ward at the Clinical Division of Social-Psychiatry, Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna. As 100 patient diagnosed with anxiety and/or depressive disorders was included in the study. Multiple regression analysis was used for collecting predictors too.

Results: Participation in integrated cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) had a positive effect of “empowerment”, in such a manner that allows patients to the feeling of influence in their life. An active and common style of participation was significantly more frequent at discharge than at admission. Female patients are more active in participating in shared clinical decision-making, compared to male patients.

Conclusion: Providing DADs patients with patient self-efficacy training (PST), patient self-management (PSM) and knowledge increases their ability to be active participants in the clinical decision-making (CDM) process at admission when possible and at discharge.

The purpose of this chapter is to assess and examine the impact health care information technology (HIT) on physician-nurse performance related to patient trust and safety. A considerable number of patients today are using different HITs to get access to healthcare services such as appointment scheduling and medication refills; communicate with physicians and nurses for different computerized tailored interventions to manage a chronic condition or to change a health behavior. Improving the quality and safety of care, and reducing the medical errors are of equal responsibility of all clinicians and all healthcare staff. Patient safety is the most critical factor of the medical and healthcare quality, where nurses can be invaluable in preventing harm to patients, reducing errors and improving patients' outcomes. The chapter shows that there are many advantages of Web-acquired healthcare related information. The main question is how will efficient use of HIT by patients improve healthcare quality, patient trust and safety.

Background: This study aimed to determine the major neurological and psychological elements affecting depression, anxiety (DEPXITY), and the overall quality of life. Methods: This analytical descriptive study was carried out on 141 respondents with formal mood disorder diagnosis, with mental illness identity, with current depression and anxiety symptoms of at least moderate severity and people with mild symptoms. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation test, reliability test, and separate regression models. Statistical significant level was set as 0.05. Results: The findings showed that external control by others on one's own life (EC) is the most significant factor (0.45) related to depression and the social conflict (SC) was found to be the most influential factor (0.28) for the anxiety. Internal control over own personal life (IC) is the most significant factor to cure or regulate some of the negative symptoms of the anxiety (-0.66). Good performance in personal life (PP) is a common positive factor to regulate both depression (DEP) and anxiety (XITY). This study shows that DEPXITY is associated with negative life quality. Conclusions: The lack of internal control and the control by others on one's own personal life are associated with impaired cognitive, affective, and behavioral functioning. The results of this study can also be a good indicator and confirmation that the medial prefrontal cortex is able with the support of IC and PP to coordinate self-appraisal processes by regulating activity in the posterior cingulate cortex area of the brain.

Although endovascular catheter embolization (ECE) has been accepted as a therapeutic option for arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in children and adolescents, considerable and substantial data are still lacking regarding the outcomes of CE for AVMs. This study aimed to clarify the outcomes and the complications of ECE for the treatment of AVM in patients aged less than 18 years.

  This study reports a case of an <18 years old patient who presented a year ago with headaches, weakness, back pain and sift nick. A year later the patient was subject to bleeding and a ECE was performed. Endovascular embolization was performed according to the procedures, guide and techniques for AVM embolization.

  Endovascular catheter embolization (ECE) of brain AVMS is relatively safe with low rate of complications if the patient had good or excellent outcomes at discharge after AVM embolization using right liquid embolic agents. Long term following up is needed to decrease the probability of the future complication and assure the patient safety.

Background and Objective: There are associations between emotional support, morbidity and mortality. Emotions understanding and management of both Physicians and patientsare overlooked in research. The researches of the challenge facing medical and healthcare sittings when treating patients and their safety as a human experience are still inconclusive. This study aims to examine the correlation between emotional support and medical and healthcare implications. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study surveyed 223 inpatients of several public and private hospitals. To examine the overall patient safety and emotional support, a standard 5Qs questionnaire of healthcare quality and safety including some emotional support dimensions was used. Results: The highest means given for emotional support dimension “Empathy” with means of 3.78 (±0.81). The total mean of emotional support was 3.48 (±0.69) and the total mean of overall patient safety was 3.58 (±0.68). Patients in this study felt that they received inadequate personalized emotional support. The lowest mean score reported by the patients was the dimension being present and available of the healthcare with means of 3.32 (±0.86) and the dimension humor with means of 3.33 (±0.85). Ambient Environmental (A) had the most significant influence on the overall patient safety (β = 0.22 and p<0.0) followed by Supportive gestures (S) (β = 0.21 and p<0.0). Conclusion: Increasing the attention paid to the emotional support dimensions of patient care will lead to better understanding the Mind/Body interrelation, improving the medical and healthcare implications and speeding up the recovery from the illness.

Background and Objectives: Its well known that the COVID-19 is disease causes a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), less known that the COVID-19 can attach the brain through the olfactory nerve in the nasal cavity and damage neurons that control breathing of central nervous system (CNS). The aim of this study is to understand the multiple adverse impact of the COVID-19 on mental and neurological health, to urge the physicians and healthcare staff to apply psychological first aid regarding the anxiety and stress as well as to attract specific attention to the neurological implications.Methods: A literature research was carried out through PubMed and Psyc INFO between 1990 and 2020. One hundred and fifteen articles were recruited. A first part of this review describes the COVID-19 crisis and consequences. The second part focuses on research about the interrelation between COVID-19, mental and neurological diseases.Results: It reveals that the Psychological and behavioural states and CNS processes are associated with immune functions and there is a relationship between stress, anxiety and the immune system. Long-term anxiety and panic attacks based on the COVID-19 pandemic can cause the brain to release stress hormones on a regular basis which weakness the immune system. It also reveals that third of the COVID-19 Chinese patients had damage in the nervous system which cause a severe acute respiratory syndrome.Conclusion: Anxiety and stress (AS) can be serious symptom of the COVID-19 pandemic. AS can cause the brain to release stress hormones that weakness the immune system which in turn infect the body with the COVID-19. The corona virus can go into the brain trans-neuronally through the olfactory pathways to cause serious complication. Hence, the respiratory syndrome can occur due to brainstem involvement. Thus, brain imaging and pathological evaluation of the brain are necessary to understand the full impact of the COVID-19.

Patient satisfaction is a major indicator of healthcare originations' performance and effectiveness. Emotion intelligence and emotional support dimensions are essential to improve patient satisfaction scores, hence improving the organisation overall performance. This study examines the correlation between the organisation performance and effectiveness, emotional support, patient satisfaction and the overall healthcare quality. Two hundred and twenty -three male and female patients form different healthcare sittings participated in this study. The data gathering tool utilised was a 5Qs questionnaire. The variables of the questionnaire was measured by five-item scale with five-point Likert scale. The internal consistency measured by the reliability shows a good Cronbach alpha. All constructs of this study achieved values ranges between .71-.97. Total emotional support (TES) obtained the highest a value (.97) following by total quality of care (TQC) with (.95). The being present and available is found to be the significant dimension to health organisation performance and effectiveness (HOPE) (r. 793, P < .01). The weakest correlation emotional support dimension with HOPE was the informative communication (r. 449, p < .01). Finally, overall healthcare quality and emotional support dimensions are critical factors to improve the healthcare organisation performance and effectiveness.

Background: Divorce rate reaches up to 50–70%. Indisputably divorce recently became one of the most epidemic factors negatively influencing humans’ health whereas its impact on the involved couples and their children is serious and sometimes fatal. The article presents the results of a research study to analyze the most critical grounds for divorce leading to negative health-related consequences. Method: This research adopts a cross-sectional study design with a quantitative approach based on the data from 195 surveyed respondents. A structured questionnaire covering multiple constructs was used to collect and analyze the data. Results: This study found that the most critical causes of the marriage failure are the lack of trust, commitment and communication, sensuality and sexuality (TCS) as they lead to declining of the marginal utility (DMU). These factors not only lead to divorce, but also increase the probability of facing different diseases such as depression, aggression, increasing levels of neuroendocrine, epinephrine and norepinephrine as well as conflict ACTH levels. The regression model shows that communication (C) was the most significant outcome in relation to the MU = 0.45 and P < 0.0) followed by trust and commitment (TC) (β = 0.34 and P < 0.0) and then by S (β = 0.23 and P < 0.0). Conclusions: The marginal utility (MU) is directly and positively affected by TCS. The study suggests that lack of MU, lack of intimacy, sensual, and sexual components can lead to frustration, annoyance, anxiety and relationship failure.

The study was performed to examine and assess the impact of the education, occupation and leisure time on building brain and cognitive reserves (CBR). A cross sectional study of 132 persons at age between 40 to 70 years old has been conducted. A structuredquestionnaire covering multiple constructs was used to collect the data. Multivariate regression results show that the three independent variables (LE, OC and ED) were statistically significant in the models with CBR as dependent variable. Leisure time and activities (LE) makethe strongest unique contribution (0.683) followed by occupation (0.261) and the weak contribution of the education (0.198) to explainthe dependent variable cognitive and brain reserve (CBR).The Brain and Cognitive Reserve hypothesesassumes that a rich intellectual measures and abilities a person have during her/his life enable this person to copewith difficult cognitive tasks and social events in life.

The reach of technological advances can be found in many aspects of life, including the world of medical and healthcare. It is essential to understand these technologies so that those in healthcare professions can create and maintain bonds with the patients that rely on them as well as to identify the right tools for to support the improvement of patient care.

Technological Tools for Value-Based Sustainable Relationships in Healthcare: Emerging Research and Opportunities is a critical scholarly resource that examines the effects of social and healthcare technologies on human interaction, on health, on life sciences and on well-being in a complex healthcare context. Featuring coverage on a wide range of topics such as, e-health, patient and medical relationship approaches, health information technology (HIT), cypernization of healthcare organizations and patient safety. This book is geared toward academicians, practitioners, students, and researchers seeking current research on the correlation between social and medical technologies and the cultivation of connections through those technologies especially in the healthcare field.