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Cox, P. & Bergmeister, K. (2024). Decarbonisation of the transport infrastructure construction: Joint Final Report from the industry and scientific experts Working Groups chaired by Pat Cox and Konrad Bergmeister. Brussels, BE: European Commission
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Decarbonisation of the transport infrastructure construction: Joint Final Report from the industry and scientific experts Working Groups chaired by Pat Cox and Konrad Bergmeister
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2024 (English)Report (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

As underlined in the Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy published by the European Commission in December 2020, the success of the European Green Deal depends on Europe’s ability to make the transport system sustainable. Many different policy initiatives have been launched in recent years to accelerate the green transition of the transport sector, but more are needed to reach the EU objective of delivering a 90% reduction in the transport sector’s emissions by 2050. In this context, and in parallel to a separate workstream addressing issues related to climate change adaptation, the European Commission (DG MOVE) invited two informal groups of external experts to explore the decarbonization potential of the construction sector with a special focus on transport infrastructure. Consultations of both the industry and the academic community were launched in the summer of 2023 aiming to draw up an inventory of existing best practices and emerging innovations for the climate transition of transport infrastructure construction and to make EU policy recommendations, regulatory and/or financial, to stimulate its decarbonization. The two working groups comprised diverse participants in terms of geography, experience, gender, and function. On the industry side, there were European sectoral associations, large construction companies, construction material producers, and infrastructure companies, all active in transport infrastructure projects and the sector’s decarbonization. The scientific and academic dimensions brought together an active transport decarbonization research community covering a wide range of competencies and expertise in sustainability issues. These included the reduction of the carbon footprint of construction materials, circularity in the construction sector, and decarbonization of construction techniques and practices. The two Working Groups met in person on three occasions in Brussels, in October and December 2023, and in February 2024. This report is a product of their collective input and wisdom and is based on their discussions and subsequent written exchanges. They also heard different services of the European Commission and acknowledged the existence of numerous existing EU policy initiatives relevant to this work. The report shows that a large range of decarbonization measures already are available covering all phases of the infrastructure life cycle from the pre-construction stage and extraction and manufacturing of materials to recycling and reuse at the end-of-life. It underlines the importance of an integrated approach to maximize decarbonization potential and identifies specific tools and measures to achieve this. The report highlights specific bottlenecks for the rapid and full deployment of those measures and provides a catalogue of 24 EU policy recommendations to address them.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Brussels, BE: European Commission, 2024. p. 30
Keywords
decarbonisation, transport infrastructure, concrete structures, circularity
National Category
Construction Management Transport Systems and Logistics
Research subject
Technology (byts ev till Engineering), Civil engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-128676 (URN)
Available from: 2024-04-08 Created: 2024-04-08 Last updated: 2024-04-17Bibliographically approved
Halilovic, E. & Derkowski, W. (2024). Experimental assessment of static and dynamic properties of a new sustainable composite floor. In: fib (Ed.), Proceedings of the 15th fib International PhD Symposium in Civil Engineering: . Paper presented at 15th fib International PhD Symposium in Civil Engineering, Budapest, Hungary (pp. 1257-1264). Budapest, Hungary
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Experimental assessment of static and dynamic properties of a new sustainable composite floor
2024 (English)In: Proceedings of the 15th fib International PhD Symposium in Civil Engineering / [ed] fib, Budapest, Hungary, 2024, p. 1257-1264Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Currently growing interest in use of timber-concrete composite (TCC) floor systems indicates thatthey can be an effective alternative to traditional concrete floors and an efficient solution for rehabilitatingexisting timber floors. This study aims to experimentally verify a novel sustainable timbersteel-concrete composite floor system implemented in a real building. The system's performance wasassessed under static and dynamic loads, with a particular focus on the impact of longitudinal joints,before and after they were grouted. Static tests used IBC water tanks to apply a 3 kN/m² load, anddeflections were measured with LVDTs and a levelling instrument. Dynamic tests involved measuringeigenfrequencies under self-weight and additional loads, and impact loads. The experimentsdemonstrate the effectiveness of grouting joints in enhancing the structural performance of the compositefloor system, reducing deflection, and improving dynamic response.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Budapest, Hungary: , 2024
Keywords
composite structures, floors, circular construction, tests, dynamic
National Category
Building Technologies
Research subject
Technology (byts ev till Engineering), Civil engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-132179 (URN)
Conference
15th fib International PhD Symposium in Civil Engineering, Budapest, Hungary
Available from: 2024-09-01 Created: 2024-09-01 Last updated: 2024-09-03
Śliwa-Wieczorek, K., Derkowski, W. & Binder, E. (2024). Krótkoterminowe testy pełzania ścinanych połączeń klejonych w kompozytach drewniano-betonowych: Short-term creep test of shear adhesive jointsin Timber-Concrete Composites. Materiały Budowlane (2), 6-10
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Krótkoterminowe testy pełzania ścinanych połączeń klejonych w kompozytach drewniano-betonowych: Short-term creep test of shear adhesive jointsin Timber-Concrete Composites
2024 (Polish)In: Materiały Budowlane, ISSN 0137-2971, no 2, p. 6-10Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [pl]

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań krótkotrwałych i reologicznych przyrostu odkształceń w teście wypychania (push-out test) w przypadku dwuzakładkowych połączeńklejonych. Łącznie przebadano 15 próbek złożonych z elementów wykonanych z drewna klejonego krzyżowo (CLT) oraz prefabrykowanych płyt betonowych. Połączenie między elementami wykonano jako klejone z użyciem innowacyjnych prefabrykowanych złączy podatnych o grubości 3 mm, w trzech konfiguracjach powierzchni klejenia. Celem badań było określeniewpływu geometrii połączenia klejonego na początkowy przyrostodkształceń w czasie. Wykazano, że pełzanie przebiega nieliniowo w czasie t1 = 800 s niezależnie od powierzchni klejenia, a następnie zwiększa się w sposób liniowy. W przeprowadzonych badaniach złączy pasmowych uzyskano przyrost początkowegopełzania o ok. 10% mniejszy w przypadku złączy ułożonychw kierunku obciążenia niż w kierunku prostopadłym. Wykazano również, że wartości pełzania nie są wprost proporcjonalnedo wielkości naprężenia ścinającego.

Abstract [en]

This paper presents the results of a study of short-termrheological strain increments in a push-out test for double-lapglued joints. A total of 15 specimens consisting of crosslaminated timber (CLT) elements and precast concrete slabs weretested. The joint between the elements was made as a glued jointusing innovative 3 mm thick prefabricated flexible jointsin threebonding configurations. The aim of the study was to investigatethe influence of the adhesive joint geometry (typeAwith 600 cm2glue, B – 200 cm2 in strips parallel to the load axis and C – 200 cm2in strips in the perpendicular direction) on the initial deformationincrease over time. Creep phenomenon was shown to be nonlinear for an initial time range of t1 = 800 s regardless of theadhesive area, and then to increase in a linear manner. In the testscarried out on strip joints, the increments of initial creep wereobtained to be about 10% smaller for joints arranged in the loaddirection than for those arranged in the perpendicular one. It wasalso shown that the creep values are not directly proportional tothe magnitude of the shear stress.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Wydawnictwa SIGMA-Not Sp. z o.o., 2024
Keywords
adhesive joints, creep, double lap push-out tests, experiments, flexible polyuretans, timber-concrete composites, pełzanie; kompozyty drewniano-betonowe; dwuzakładkowe testy ścinania; testy wypychania; poliuretanowe złącza podatne
National Category
Building Technologies
Research subject
Technology (byts ev till Engineering), Civil engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-128030 (URN)10.15199/33.2024.02.02 (DOI)
Available from: 2024-02-27 Created: 2024-02-27 Last updated: 2024-03-15Bibliographically approved
Jeziorski, M. & Derkowski, W. (2024). Numerical Prediction Of The Concentrated Load-Bearing Capacity Of 400 Mm Deep Hollow Core Floor. In: fib (Ed.), Proceedings of the 15th fib International PhD Symposium in Civil Engineering: . Paper presented at 15th fib International PhD Symposium in Civil Engineering, Budapest, Hungary (pp. 3-10). Budapest, Hungary
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Numerical Prediction Of The Concentrated Load-Bearing Capacity Of 400 Mm Deep Hollow Core Floor
2024 (English)In: Proceedings of the 15th fib International PhD Symposium in Civil Engineering / [ed] fib, Budapest, Hungary, 2024, p. 3-10Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

In a particular case of a hollow core floor subjected to a concentrated load, individual units forming the floor cooperate when loaded vertically due to the presence of cast in-situ joints. This phenomenon is studied numerically on a 400 mm floor which was investigated in a full scale experiment in Fin-land. Having obtained good fit with experimental data a parametric non-linear finite element analysis of the failure load is performed with various load locations. The analysis evidence that the capacity of a floor depends largely on the local effects in individual webs or flanges. It is therefore reasonable to limit the load values by local capacity criterions mentioned by EN 1168, which can however underes-timate the actual peak load value and do not take into account the effect of floors span. While peak loads obtained in the slender floor were lower than in the case of the stiffer floor, the redistribution obtained in the slender floor was significantly higher

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Budapest, Hungary: , 2024
Keywords
FEM, hollowcore, capacity, numerical analysis, point load
National Category
Building Technologies
Research subject
Technology (byts ev till Engineering), Civil engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-132182 (URN)
Conference
15th fib International PhD Symposium in Civil Engineering, Budapest, Hungary
Available from: 2024-09-01 Created: 2024-09-01 Last updated: 2024-09-03
Walczak, R. & Derkowski, W. (2024). Transmission length of multiwire tendon in existing post-tensioned concrete structures. Engineering structures, 316, Article ID 118560.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Transmission length of multiwire tendon in existing post-tensioned concrete structures
2024 (English)In: Engineering structures, ISSN 0141-0296, E-ISSN 1873-7323, Vol. 316, article id 118560Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The paper presents unique research on real-scale post-tensioned concrete crane girders dismantled from an existing hall structure. The study aimed to determine the transmission length for bonded prestressing tendons in an anchorage failure situation, a critical factor for proper assessment of the safety of many building structures, mainly those built between the 1950s and 1980s. The results of the tests indicated the feasibility of prestressing force transmission from a 12Ø5 mm Freyssinet-type tendon to the element via bond stress, with implications extendable to the other 18Ø5 mm tendon type prevalent at the time. The key factor affecting transmission efficiency is the quality of tendon duct grouting, with good quality cement injection resulting in transmission length as short as 800 mm. Furthermore, a computational model for the transmission length of prestressing force in post-tensioned concrete members has been developed similarly to the Model Code 2020 for pretensioned concrete. The level I of approximation enables quick transmission length estimation, whereas refined analysis is possible with the level II approach. The developed model and the research findings facilitate a comprehensive assessment of the post-tensioned concrete members in anchorage or tendon failure scenarios. As a result of the analyses carried out, optimal strategies for the further use of the structures can be proposed, fostering a step towards sustainable management.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2024
Keywords
Prestressed concrete, Transmission length, Post-tensioned concrete, Structural assessment, Anchorage failure
National Category
Civil Engineering
Research subject
Technology (byts ev till Engineering), Civil engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-132178 (URN)10.1016/j.engstruct.2024.118560 (DOI)001271611000001 ()2-s2.0-85198261151 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2024-09-01 Created: 2024-09-01 Last updated: 2024-09-03Bibliographically approved
Jeziorski, M., Derkowski, W. & Michelini, E. (2024). Vertical load distribution in precast hollow core floors: State of the art and future perspectives. Structural Concrete, 25(5), 3412-3429
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Vertical load distribution in precast hollow core floors: State of the art and future perspectives
2024 (English)In: Structural Concrete, ISSN 1464-4177, E-ISSN 1751-7648, Vol. 25, no 5, p. 3412-3429Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Precast prestressed hollow core (HC) floors are widely used in various applica-tions within the construction sector. Such floors are usually designed as single,simply supported elements, although it is known that individual elementsforming the floor interact with each other. This article presents the state of theart regarding load redistribution in HC floors in the light of experimental data,current analytical models and code provisions. While this phenomenon iswidely known and recognized, only sparse, and often poorly documentedexperimental data are available, which represent the basis for the assessmentand calibration of analytical models. Moreover, even though the availablemodels and code provisions share similar assumptions, their outcomes are insome cases conflicting. Having recognized the existing knowledge gap, theauthors outline future perspectives for the development of consistent analyticaland numerical approaches supplemented by new experimental data.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
John Wiley & Sons, 2024
Keywords
hollow core slabs, load distribution, precast concrete, precast concrete floors, prestressed concrete
National Category
Building Technologies
Research subject
Technology (byts ev till Engineering), Civil engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-129678 (URN)10.1002/suco.202301150 (DOI)001233221200001 ()2-s2.0-85194825736 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2024-05-29 Created: 2024-05-29 Last updated: 2024-10-15Bibliographically approved
Jeziorski, M. & Derkowski, W. (2023). Finite Element Analysis of Hollow Core Floor Subjected to Point Load. In: Alper Ilki, Derya Çavunt, Yavuz Selim Çavunt (Ed.), Alper Ilki, Derya Çavunt and Yavuz Selim Çavunt (Ed.), Building for the Future: Durable, Sustainable, Resilient. fib Symposium: 5-7 June, 2023, Istanbul. Paper presented at International Symposium of the International Federation for Structural Concrete, fib Symposium, 5-7 June, 2023, Istanbul (pp. 3-12). Istanbul, Turkey: Springer
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Finite Element Analysis of Hollow Core Floor Subjected to Point Load
2023 (English)In: Building for the Future: Durable, Sustainable, Resilient. fib Symposium: 5-7 June, 2023, Istanbul / [ed] Alper Ilki, Derya Çavunt and Yavuz Selim Çavunt, Istanbul, Turkey: Springer, 2023, p. 3-12Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

The paper focuses on the finite element modelling of a floor slab made of prefabricated hollow core floor units. The subject of the numerical analysis is a floor that has been investigated experimentally in VTT, Finland. The DIANA finite element analysis software has been used. Internal forces and displacements, as well as a failure load obtained from the finite element model, are compared with selected provisions given in the literature. The numerical analysis confirmed the inconsistencies and unreliability of existing models mentioned in the authors’ previous papers. The modelling technique presented in the paper, which takes into account the possibility of cracking of longitudinal joints between prefabricated units, provided reliable results consistent with experimental results.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Istanbul, Turkey: Springer, 2023
Series
Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, ISSN 2366-2557 ; 350
Keywords
FEA, hollow core slabs, joint cracking, load distribution, precast concrete, prestressed concrete, shear
National Category
Building Technologies
Research subject
Technology (byts ev till Engineering), Civil engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-121832 (URN)10.1007/978-3-031-32511-3_1 (DOI)2-s2.0-85164250403 (Scopus ID)9783031325106 (ISBN)9783031325113 (ISBN)
Conference
International Symposium of the International Federation for Structural Concrete, fib Symposium, 5-7 June, 2023, Istanbul
Available from: 2023-06-14 Created: 2023-06-14 Last updated: 2023-08-17Bibliographically approved
Śliwa - Wieczorek, K., Derkowski, W., Binder, E., Kwiecień, A., Zając, B., Halilović, E. & Lotinac, S. (2023). Shear Stiffness and Capacity of PolyUrethane Flexible Joint in Timber-Concrete Composites. In: Alper Ilki, Derya Çavunt, Yavuz Selim Çavunt (Ed.), Building for the Future: Durable, Sustainable, Resilient: Proceedings of the fib Symposium 2023 - Volume 1 (pp. 476-485). Istanbul, Turkey: Springer
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Shear Stiffness and Capacity of PolyUrethane Flexible Joint in Timber-Concrete Composites
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2023 (English)In: Building for the Future: Durable, Sustainable, Resilient: Proceedings of the fib Symposium 2023 - Volume 1 / [ed] Alper Ilki, Derya Çavunt, Yavuz Selim Çavunt, Istanbul, Turkey: Springer, 2023, p. 476-485Chapter in book (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Structural floor systems made of Timber-Concrete Composites (TCC) slabs are becoming more and more popular in office and residential buildings as well as in systems used for the renovation of old ceilings. Timber elements can be constructed as beams or solid slabs (massive CLT). Regardless of the main structural layout, individual components require using interlayer connections, which provide composite action in cross-sections. The most used connection types for TCC are mechanical fasteners, grooved or notched connections, and bonded shear joints. Bonded connections with rigid thin-layer adhesives provide high load capacity, but they are characterized by brittle failure due to their low ductility and introduced stress concentrations. An innovative flexible adhesive joint that ensures the transfer of high loads and high deformations simultaneously is presented in the paper. This connecting structural element, named PolyUrethane Flexible Joint (PUFJ) was examined experimentally in double shear lap tests of connections formed between two external CLT slabs of dimension 120 × 350 × 400 mm3 and a central concrete slab of dimension 100 × 250 × 400 mm3. Shear connections between the composite elements were made of a two-component polyurethane PS type adhesive layer of thickness 3 mm. The tested specimens were prepared in two variants of the application: wet application in the form of liquid adhesive and dry application in the form of prefabricated polyurethane layer glued to the elements by thin polyurethane adhesive. The effect of the adhesive application method on the stiffness and capacity of the TCC joint was investigated. In the paper, the analysis of the experimental tests’ results is presented.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Istanbul, Turkey: Springer, 2023
Series
Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, ISSN 2366-2557 ; 349
Keywords
Timber–Concrete–Composites, Double Shear Lap Test, Interface Shear, Flexible Adhesive Joint, Polyurethane
National Category
Building Technologies
Research subject
Technology (byts ev till Engineering), Civil engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-121838 (URN)10.1007/978-3-031-32519-9_46 (DOI)2-s2.0-85163944306 (Scopus ID)9783031325199 (ISBN)9783031325182 (ISBN)
Available from: 2023-06-14 Created: 2023-06-14 Last updated: 2024-08-28Bibliographically approved
Binder, E., Derkowski, W. & Bader, T. K. (2023). Short-term creep tests for shear connections of timber-concrete-composite slabs. In: J.F. Silva Gomes (Ed.), Experimental Mechanics in Engineering and Biomechanics: Proceedings ICEM2020th International Conference on Experimental Mechanics, Porto 2-7 July 2023. Paper presented at ICEM20 - 20th International Conference on Experimental Mechanics, Porto 2-7 July 2023 (pp. 957-958). INEGI-Instituto de Engenbaria Mecanica e Gestao Industrial, Article ID 19914.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Short-term creep tests for shear connections of timber-concrete-composite slabs
2023 (English)In: Experimental Mechanics in Engineering and Biomechanics: Proceedings ICEM2020th International Conference on Experimental Mechanics, Porto 2-7 July 2023 / [ed] J.F. Silva Gomes, INEGI-Instituto de Engenbaria Mecanica e Gestao Industrial, 2023, p. 957-958, article id 19914Conference paper, Oral presentation with published abstract (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

As long-term investigations are often too time- and cost-consuming, short-term experimentsare introduced for investigating the behaviour of connections in timber-concrete-compositeelements. The paper presents a proposal for short-term double shear tests with adhesive andmechanical connections for investigating their time-dependent behaviour. The proposedevaluation method determines the elastic and visco-elastic parts of the slip modulus of theconnection. The validity of the identified parameters needs to be verified by long-term tests.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
INEGI-Instituto de Engenbaria Mecanica e Gestao Industrial, 2023
Keywords
composite structures, double shear test, timber-concrete-composite, creep
National Category
Composite Science and Engineering
Research subject
Technology (byts ev till Engineering), Civil engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-123405 (URN)9789895475674 (ISBN)9789895475667 (ISBN)
Conference
ICEM20 - 20th International Conference on Experimental Mechanics, Porto 2-7 July 2023
Available from: 2023-08-01 Created: 2023-08-01 Last updated: 2023-08-18Bibliographically approved
Jeziorski, M. & Derkowski, W. (2022). Comparative study of various provisions on load distribution in hollow-core slabs. In: Stokkeland S., Braarud H.C. (Ed.), fib Symposium: . Paper presented at 6th fib International Congress on Concrete Innovation for Sustainability, 2022 Oslo 12-16 June 2022 (pp. 2658-2667). The International Federation for Structural Concrete
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Comparative study of various provisions on load distribution in hollow-core slabs
2022 (English)In: fib Symposium / [ed] Stokkeland S., Braarud H.C., The International Federation for Structural Concrete , 2022, p. 2658-2667Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

The issue of vertical load distribution in floor slabs made of hollow-core slabs, which is an important but not well-recognised design issue, is investigated in this paper. Various standards' provisions on load distribution are briefly presented. A comparative study has been performed which showed a large scatter of results, especially when the PCI Manual and EN 1168 provisions are compared for shear force distribution. Support reactions obtained from mentioned design models are also compared with experimental test results done in 1991 on six 400 mm deep and 12 meters long slabs.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
The International Federation for Structural Concrete, 2022
Series
Proceedings of the fib Symposium, E-ISSN 2617-4820
Keywords
hollow-core, load distribution, point load, standards, prestressed concrete
National Category
Building Technologies
Research subject
Technology (byts ev till Engineering), Civil engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-114683 (URN)2-s2.0-85143898075 (Scopus ID)9782940643158 (ISBN)
Conference
6th fib International Congress on Concrete Innovation for Sustainability, 2022 Oslo 12-16 June 2022
Available from: 2022-06-22 Created: 2022-06-22 Last updated: 2023-06-27Bibliographically approved
Organisations
Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0001-6133-3624

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