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The ethos brief index-validation of a brief questionnaire to evaluate wellness based on a holistic perspective in patients with restless legs syndrome
Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. (Ctr Interprofess Collaborat Emergency Care CICE)ORCID iD: 0009-0003-8659-8698
Jönköping University, Sweden.
Jönköping University, Sweden.
Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8398-9552
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2024 (English)In: Sleep and Breathing, ISSN 1520-9512, E-ISSN 1522-1709, Vol. 28, no 4, p. 1781-1791Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Purpose

The aim of this study was to validate the Ethos Brief Index (EBI) in patients with Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS).

Methods

A cross-sectional design, including 788 subjects with RLS (65% women, 70.8 years, SD 11.3) from the Swedish RLS Association, was used. A postal survey was sent out to collect data regarding socio demographics, comorbidities, and RLS-related treatment data. Questionnaires included were EBI, the Restless Legs Syndrome-6 Scale (RLS-6), Restless Legs Syndrome-Quality of Life questionnaire (RLSQoL), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The validity and reliability of the EBI were investigated using Rasch and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models. Measurement invariance, unidimensionality, and differential item functioning (DIF) across age and gender groups, as well as insomnia, daytime sleepiness, RLS-related QoL and RLS severity were assessed.

Results

The results supported the unidimensionality of the EBI in the CFA (i.e., explaining 61.5% of the variance) and the Rasch model. The reliability of the EBI was confirmed using composite reliability and Cronbach's alpha. No DIF was identified for gender, age, insomnia, daytime sleepiness, RLS severity or RLS-related QoL.

Conclusion

The EBI showed good validity and reliability and operated equivalently for male and female patients with RLS. Accordingly, healthcare professionals can use the EBI as a psychometrically sound tool to explore and identify patient-centered problems related to the whole life situation.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer, 2024. Vol. 28, no 4, p. 1781-1791
Keywords [en]
Restless legs syndrome, Sleep, Validity, Reliability, Ethos
National Category
Nursing Neurology
Research subject
Health and Caring Sciences, Nursing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-129614DOI: 10.1007/s11325-024-03058-5ISI: 001220948900001PubMedID: 38740633Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85192879035OAI: oai:DiVA.org:lnu-129614DiVA, id: diva2:1861408
Available from: 2024-05-28 Created: 2024-05-28 Last updated: 2024-08-21Bibliographically approved

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Knutsson, SusanneHellström, AmandaFridlund, Bengt

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