Transatlantic Studies refer to a recent academic discipline foremost studying the economic, cultural, political, legal, and social linkages between Europe and the U.S. However, the main focus of Transatlantic Studies has shifted somewhat over time. While Transatlantic Studies in a narrow perspective have referred to Anglo-American relations, or at most transatlantic relations including the European Union (EU) and Canada, contemporary Transatlantic Studies have come to put greater attention to a broader geographical scope, including Latin America and Africa. This is foremost due to the political and economic growing importance of many states in Latin America and Africa in international politics and economics. These geographical spaces all border on the Atlantic Ocean and it is the nature and dynamics of these relations over time that are of crucial interest in Transatlantic Studies. There has been a growing notion that in order to understand the common, the national, there is great need to explore the uncommon, the transnational. The growing interest in Transatlantic Studies finds its roots in area studies, but has been reinforced and redeveloped by the notion of globalization. This book addresses challenges to the transatlantic world, reflecting upon the contemporary situation of transatlantic relations at the early 21st century.