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Prevalens av horisontella avståndsforier och avståndstropier bland hjälpsökande i Ghana
Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Medicine and Optometry.
2016 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [sv]

Syfte: Studiens syfte var att undersöka prevalensen av avståndsforier och avståndstropier bland hjälpsökande i Ghana under en resa med hjälporganisationen Vision For All.

Metod: Vid behov utfördes en enkel binokulär refraktion för att finna den bästa sfäriska ekvivalenten. Med denna eventuella korrektion på utfördes covertest på 6 m avstånd. Om indikation på att en fori eller tropi var förekommande mättes denna upp med prismastav och prisma covertest. Resultatet jämfördes sedan med liknande prevalensstudier i andra länder.

Resultat: Av de personerna som screenades ingick 153 personer i studien. Åldern varierade mellan 5-85 år, där medelåldern var 47±19 år. Hos 134 personer (87,6 %) hittades ingen inställningsrörelse och de noterades som ortofori. Hos resterande var 7,8 % exofori, 0,7 % esofori. Exotropi och esotropi var lika förekommande med 2,0 % vardera. Medelvärdet var 0,27±1,21 Δ exofori för hela gruppen, med tropierna borträknade. Vanligast förekommande var 2 Δ exofori. Enbart två utav de sex upptäckta tropierna kunde mätas upp, dessa var 6 Δ esotropi och 10 Δ esotropi.

Slutsats: Det vanligaste binokulära tillståndet på avstånd var ortofori. Därefter var den vanligaste binokulära avvikelsen exofori. Vilket ligger i linje med tidigare studier. Förekomsten av tropi var något högre än medelvärdet hos de studier som jämförts med. Denna studie kan ses som en fingervisning om hur prevalensen av avståndstropier och avståndstropier ter sig i Ghana.

Abstract [en]

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of distance heterophoria and heterotropia in a sample population of Ghana who attended vision screening camps from the Swedish non-profit organization called Vision For All.

Vision For All collects, cleans and measures old spectacles in Sweden. During organized trips to less privileged countries in the world they perform eye examinations and donate spectacles.

At first a simple eye examination was performed to find the patients’ best binocular spherical equivalent. Then to determine if a distance phoria or tropia was present, the unilateral and alternating cover test were used. If a heterophoria or heterotropia was found the prism cover test was performed using a prism bar to determine the size.

153 people were included in the study, with an average age of 47±19 years and ranging between 5-85 years. The study found that 87,6 % were orthophoric at distance. 7,8 % were exophoric and 0,7 % were esophoric. Exo- and esotropia were 2,0 % respectively. The average deviation size for the whole group was 0,27±1,21 Δ exophoria, where 2 Δ exophoria was the most common. Only two of the six found tropias could be measured, they were 6 Δ esotropia and 10 Δ esotropia.

Earlier studies confirm that the most common condition is no deviation at distance and that an exophoric state is the second most common condition. The presence of tropia in this study was more frequent than the mean of other studies presented in this paper.

This study only shows a hint of how the prevalence of distance heterophoria and heterotropia is in Ghana. Desirably further prevalence studies should be conducted with more stable conditions, better spectacle correction and a bigger sample size to accomplish higher reliability.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2016. , p. 26
Keywords [sv]
Strabism, prevalens, fori, tropi, Ghana, Afrika
National Category
Other Medical Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-53593OAI: oai:DiVA.org:lnu-53593DiVA, id: diva2:937740
Subject / course
Optometry
Educational program
Optometry Programme, 180 credits
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2016-06-22 Created: 2016-06-15 Last updated: 2016-06-22Bibliographically approved

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