In 2010, the Swedish Parliament enacted a new education act that, among other aspects, stipulated education in primary and secondary schools must be based on research and proven experience. Such a legal requirement that would apply to both school levels is quite innovative not only in Sweden but internationally. Over the years principals and teachers have developed new pedagogies designed to improve teaching and learning. Could another means toward such improvements lie in a law stipulating that education in primary and secondary school must be based on research and proven experience? What conditions are required for such a law to affect the work of the school faculty and staff? The analytic methods used in this investigation are Lundgren’s frame factor theory and Goffman’s frame analysis. The focus is on the relationship between parliamentary control via legislation and the possibilities of principals and teachers to fulfil the intentions of the law. Our analysis reveals that the law experienced difficulties due to it not being properly implemented and not providing clear instructions on how it should be used in teaching practice.