LMC N132D : A mature supernova remnant with a power-law gamma-ray spectrum extending beyond 8 TeV

Abdalla, H.; Aharonian, F.; Benkhali, F. Ait; Anguner, E. O.; Arcaro, C.; Armand, C.; Armstrong, T.; Ashkar, H.; Backes, M.; Baghmanyan, V; Martins, V. Barbosa; Barnacka, A.; Barnard, M.; Batzofin, R.; Becherini, Yvonne; Berge, D.; Bernloehr, K.; Bi, B.; Boettcher, M.; Boisson, C.; Bolmont, J.; de Lavergne, M. de Bony; Breuhaus, M.; Brose, R.; Brun, F.; Bulik, T.; Bylund, Tomas; Cangemi, F.; Caroff, S.; Casanova, S.; Catalano, J.; Chambery, P.; Chand, T.; Chen, A.; Cotter, G.; Curylo, M.; Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene; Davids, I. D.; Davies, J.; Devin, J.; Djannati-Atai, A.; Dmytriiev, A.; Donath, A.; Doroshenko, V; Dreyer, L.; Du Plessis, L.; Duffy, C.; Egberts, K.; Einecke, S.; Ernenwein, J-P; Fegan, S.; Feijen, K.; Fiasson, A.; de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet; Fontaine, G.; Lott, F.; Fussling, M.; Funk, S.; Gabici, S.; Gallant, Y. A.; Giavitto, G.; Giunti, L.; Glawion, D.; Glicenstein, J. F.; Grondin, M-H; Hattingh, S.; Haupt, M.; Hermann, G.; Hinton, J. A.; Hofmann, W.; Hoischen, C.; Holch, T. L.; Holler, M.; Hoerbe, M.; Horns, D.; Huang, Zhiqiu; Huber, D.; Jamrozy, M.; Jankowsky, F.; Joshi, V; Jung-Richardt, I; Kasai, E.; Katarzynski, K.; Katz, U.; Khangulyan, D.; Khelifi, B.; Klepser, S.; Kluzniak, W.; Komin, Nu; Konno, R.; Kosack, K.; Kostunin, D.; Kreter, M.; Kukec Mezek, Gasper; Kundu, A.; Lamanna, G.; Le Stum, S.; Lemiere, A.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lenain, J-P; Leuschner, F.; Levy, C.; Lohse, T.; Luashvili, A.; Lypova, I; Mackey, J.; Majumdar, J.; Malyshev, D.; Marandon, V; Marchegiani, P.; Marcowith, A.; Mares, A.; Marti-Devesa, G.; Marx, R.; Maurin, G.; Meintjes, P. J.; Meyer, M.; Mitchell, A.; Moderski, R.; Mohrmann, L.; Montanari, A.; Moore, C.; Moulin, E.; Muller, J.; Murach, T.; Nakashima, K.; de Naurois, M.; Nayerhoda, A.; Ndiyavala, H.; Niemiec, J.; Noel, A. Priyana; O'Brien, P.; Oberholzer, L.; Odaka, H.; Ohm, S.; Olivera-Nieto, L.; Wilhelmi, E. de Ona; Ostrowski, M.; Panny, S.; Panter, M.; Parsons, R. D.; Peron, G.; Pita, S.; Poireau, V; Prokhorov, D. A.; Prokoph, H.; Puehlhofer, G.; Punch, Michael; Quirrenbach, A.; Reichherzer, P.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Remy, Q.; Renaud, M.; Reville, B.; Rieger, F.; Romoli, C.; Rowell, G.; Rudak, B.; Ricarte, H. Rueda; Ruiz-Velasco, E.; Sahakian, V; Sailer, S.; Salzmann, H.; Sanchez, D. A.; Santangelo, A.; Sasaki, M.; Schaefer, J.; Schuessler, F.; Schutte, H. M.; Schwanke, U.; Senniappan, Mohanraj; Seyffert, A. S.; Shapopi, J. N. S.; Shiningayamwe, K.; Simoni, R.; Sinha, A.; Sol, H.; Specovius, A.; Spencer, S.; Spir-Jacob, M.; Stawarz, L.; Steenkamp, R.; Stegmann, C.; Steinmassl, S.; Steppa, C.; Sun, L.; Takahashi, T.; Tanaka, T.; Tavernier, T.; Taylor, A. M.; Terrier, R.; Thiersen, J. H. E.; Thorpe-Morgan, C.; Tluczykont, M.; Tomankova, L.; Tsirou, M.; Tsuji, N.; Tuffs, R.; Uchiyama, Y.; van der Walt, D. J.; van Eldik, C.; van Rensburg, C.; van Soelen, B.; Vasileiadis, G.; Veh, J.; Venter, C.; Vincent, P.; Vink, J.; Voelk, H. J.; Wagner, S. J.; Watson, J.; Werner, F.; White, R.; Wierzcholska, A.; Wong, Yu Wun; Yassin, H.; Yusafzai, A.; Zacharias, M.; Zanin, R.; Zargaryan, D.; Zdziarski, A. A.; Zech, A.; Zhu, S. J.; Zmija, A.; Zouari, S.; Zywucka, N.

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LMC N132D: A mature supernova remnant with a power-law gamma-ray spectrum extending beyond 8 TeV

Abdalla, H.

Univ Namibia, Namibia.

Aharonian, F.

Dublin Inst Adv Studies, Ireland;Max Planck Inst Kernphys, Germany;RAU, Armenia.

Benkhali, F. Ait

Max Planck Inst Kernphys, Germany.

Anguner, E. O.

Aix Marseille Univ, France.

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2021 (English)In: Astronomy and Astrophysics, ISSN 0004-6361, E-ISSN 1432-0746, Vol. 655, article id A7Article in journal (Refereed) Published

Abstract [en]

Context. Supernova remnants (SNRs) are commonly thought to be the dominant sources of Galactic cosmic rays up to the knee of the cosmic-ray spectrum at a few PeV. Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes have revealed young SNRs as very-high-energy (VHE, >100 GeV) gamma-ray sources, but for only a few SNRs the hadronic cosmic-ray origin of their gamma-ray emission is indisputably established. In all these cases, the gamma-ray spectra exhibit a spectral cutoff at energies much below 100 TeV and thus do not reach the PeVatron regime. Aims. The aim of this work was to achieve a firm detection for the oxygen-rich SNR LMC N132D in the VHE gamma-ray domain with an extended set of data, and to clarify the spectral characteristics and the localization of the gamma-ray emission from this exceptionally powerful gamma-ray-emitting SNR. Methods. We analyzed 252 h of High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) observations towards SNR N132D that were accumulated between December 2004 and March 2016 during a deep survey of the Large Magellanic Cloud, adding 104 h of observations to the previously published data set to ensure a > 5 sigma detection. To broaden the gamma-ray spectral coverage required for modeling the spectral energy distribution, an analysis of Fermi-LAT Pass 8 data was also included. Results. We unambiguously detect N132D at VHE with a significance of 5.7 sigma. We report the results of a detailed analysis of its spectrum and localization based on the extended H.E.S.S. data set. The joint analysis of the extended H.E.S.S and Fermi-LAT data results in a spectral energy distribution in the energy range from 1.7 GeV to 14.8 TeV, which suggests a high luminosity of N132D at GeV and TeV energies. We set a lower limit on a gamma-ray cutoff energy of 8 TeV with a confidence level of 95%. The new gamma-ray spectrum as well as multiwavelength observations of N132D when compared to physical models suggests a hadronic origin of the VHE gamma-ray emission. Conclusions. SNR N132D is a VHE gamma-ray source that shows a spectrum extending to the VHE domain without a spectral cutoff at a few TeV, unlike the younger oxygen-rich SNR Cassiopeia A. The gamma-ray emission is best explained by a dominant hadronic component formed by diffusive shock acceleration. The gamma-ray properties of N132D may be affected by an interaction with a nearby molecular cloud that partially lies inside the 95% confidence region of the source position.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages

EDP Sciences, 2021. Vol. 655, article id A7

Keywords [en]

gamma rays, general, cosmic rays, ISM, supernova remnants

National Category

Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology

Research subject

Physics, Astroparticle Physics

Identifiers

URN: urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-108308DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202141486ISI: 000712071700009Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85118591240Local ID: 2021OAI: oai:DiVA.org:lnu-108308DiVA, id: diva2:1616268

Available from: 2021-12-02 Created: 2021-12-02 Last updated: 2024-10-24Bibliographically approved

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Becherini, Yvonne Bylund, Tomas Kukec Mezek, Gasper Punch, Michael Senniappan, Mohanraj

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