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Avfettning av havreproteinisolat: Är ultraljud en möjlig metod och hur påverkar det lipasaktiviteten?
Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences.
2022 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [sv]

Havre har de senaste åren uppmärksammats för sina många positiva hälsoeffekter och Lantmännen har därför tagit fram en ny havresort med högre halt β-glukaner och protein än vanlig svensk havre. Havreprotein kan extraheras med en alkalisk metod genom att proteinerna görs lösliga vid pH 9 och sedan fälls ut vid pH 5. Syftet med detta arbete var att undersöka om det är möjligt att avfetta havreproteinisolat med hjälp av ultraljud samt undersöka hur lipasaktiviteten påverkas. En ultraljudsprob (diameter 1,4 cm, amplitud 99 µm, frekvens 24 kHz) behandlade prover antingen vid pH 9 eller pH 5 i extraktionen med antingen 80 J/g havre eller 800 J/g havre. Resultatet visar att fetthalten i proteinisolatet och andelen fett som extraheras från havremjölet inte påverkas av ultraljudsbehandlingen. Fetthalten var 11-17 % av TS i proteinisolatet och utbytet av fett 32-44 %. Proteinhalten i isolatet påverkades ej men proteinutbytet minskade lite vid ultraljudsbehandling behandling vid pH 5, från 65-80 % till 50‑60 %. Lipaser inaktiveras av proteinextraktionen och kunde inte detekteras i proteinisolatet. Tidigare studier har visat att ultraljud kan förkorta extraktionstiden i en fettextraktion, men inte ersätta lösningsmedel. Vidare studier skulle kunna undersöka om etanolextraktion av fettet i havre kan effektiviseras av ultraljudsbehandling.

Abstract [en]

In recent years, oats have received attention for their many positive health benefits, and therefor Lantmännen has developed a new oat variety with higher content of β-glucans and protein than ordinary Swedish oats. Oat protein can be extracted by an alkaline method, first solubilized at pH 9 and then precipitated at pH 5. The aim of this work was to investigate whether it is possible to defat oat protein isolates using ultrasound and to investigate how lipase activity is affected. With an ultrasound probe (diameter 1.4 cm, amplitude 99 µm, frequency 24 kHz) samples were treated at either pH 9 or pH 5 in the extraction with either 80 J/g oats or 800 J/g oats. The results show that the fat content in the protein isolate and the fraction of fat that is extracted from the oat meal is not affected by the ultrasound treatment. The fat content was 11-17% of dry matter in the protein isolate and the yield of fat 32-44%. The protein concentration in the protein isolate was not affected, but the protein yield decreased slightly by ultrasonic treatment at pH 5, from 65-80% to 50-60%. Lipases were found to be inactivated by protein extraction and could not be detected in the protein isolate. Previous studies have shown that ultrasound can shorten the extraction time in a fat extraction, while not replace solvents. Further studies could investigate whether ethanol extraction of oats can be made more efficient by ultrasound treatment.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2022.
Keywords [sv]
Havre, proteinextraktion, ultraljud, sonikering, lipasaktivitet
National Category
Chemical Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-114117OAI: oai:DiVA.org:lnu-114117DiVA, id: diva2:1680631
External cooperation
Lantmännen
Subject / course
Chemistry
Educational program
Nutrition and Food Science Programme, 180 credits
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2022-07-05 Created: 2022-07-04 Last updated: 2022-07-05Bibliographically approved

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