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Facilitating particularization of repeated similar events with context-specific cues
University of Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7651-9365
University of Gothenburg, Sweden;University of Oslo, Norway.
University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Florida International University, USA.
2014 (English)In: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, ISSN 0036-5564, Vol. 56, no 1, p. 28-37Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Ninety-five dental care patients participated in a quasi-experiment in which they were interviewed twice about dental visits they had made during thepast ten years. Objective truth was established by analysing their dental records. The main purpose of the study was to investigate to what extent con-text-specific cues could facilitate particularization (i.e., recollection of events and details) of repeated and similar events. A mixed design was employedand the effects of three types of cues were explored: two types of context-specific cues vs. cues commonly used in police practise when interviewingplaintiffs. In line with our hypothesis, context-specific cues tended to be more effective for recollection of individual events than the comparison cues.In addition, context-specific cues generated more details than the comparison cues and the difference was marginally significant. Rehearsal of the memo-ries by telling them to others was associated with an increased number of recollected events and details. The results are discussed from a legal psychol-ogy perspective with focus on recollection of repeated abuse.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Wiley-Blackwell , 2014. Vol. 56, no 1, p. 28-37
National Category
Applied Psychology
Research subject
Social Sciences, Psychology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-115842DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12180OAI: oai:DiVA.org:lnu-115842DiVA, id: diva2:1688676
Available from: 2022-08-19 Created: 2022-08-19 Last updated: 2022-09-23Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Counting on the details: Inquiring into past events of cooperative interviewees
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Counting on the details: Inquiring into past events of cooperative interviewees
2016 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

Amount and quality of detail in recollections of past events are often studied in legal psychology. What, how much, and how accurate does a witness typically recall? How can we facilitate witnesses' recollections in police interviews? How can we detect deception? The overall aim of this thesis was to employ research with high ecological validity to investigate amount and quality of detail in interviews with cooperative adults. Study I investigated details in true and false confessions by 30 cooperative offenders in a within-subject experiment. The confessions concerned one crime the respondent had conducted and been sentenced for (true confession) and one crime the respondent had never conducted nor been sentenced for (false confession). Studies II and III investigated details in interviews with 95 cooperative adults about repeated dental visits. Study II was an experiment employing a within-subject design to investigate the effect of context-specific cues on recollection of repeated events. Study III further studied the data by investigating how five factors (interviewee age, rehearsal, interviewer, number of experienced events, and unpleasantness) affected two different measures of amount and quality of detail. Study IV made all data from Studies II and III, supplemented with a codebook, freely available in an online repository. Surprisingly, Study I showed very few differences in amount and quality of detail between offenders' true and false confessions. However, three detail measures could distinguish the true and false statements, which is promising for future research on offenders' statements. Results from Study II suggested that context-specific cues may generate more details about repeated events than cues commonly used in police interviews. Thus, mnemonics such as context-specific cues may, in the future, be a positive addition to current mnemonic techniques employed in legal practice. Study III showed that the two different detail measures were affected differently by all five factors (e.g., who conducted the interview did have an affect on one of the two measures but had no effect on the second measure). The results highlight the need for standardization of how we measure amount and quality of detail in research on investigative interviewing. The data from Studies II and III can be reused as data from an experiment (including both interviews, as in Study II) or as single interview data (including data only from Interview I, as in Study III). The data and material can be used for research and educational purposes. This thesis contributes to the ongoing methodological revolution in psychology by practicing transparent reporting, publishing the data for Studies II and III, and by raising the problem of using non-standardized procedures and measures in research on investigative interviewing.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
University of Gothenburg, 2016. p. 62
Series
Avhandling/Göteborgs universitet, Psykologiska inst., ISSN 1101-718X
National Category
Applied Psychology
Research subject
Social Sciences, Psychology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-115851 (URN)9789162898649 (ISBN)9789162898656 (ISBN)
Public defence
(English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2022-08-19 Created: 2022-08-19 Last updated: 2022-08-19Bibliographically approved

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Willén, Rebecca M.

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