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Legal assessment of ingrown horns and other horn-related anomalies in cattle and sheep
Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science.
Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2110-2260
Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8098-8562
2024 (English)In: Animal Welfare, ISSN 0962-7286, Vol. 33, article id e4Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Cattle and sheep horns have the potential to grow in such a way that the horn bends toward the animal's head and, if left untreated, may penetrate the skin, causing pressure, pain, and suffering. According to the Swedish Animal Welfare Act, animals must be looked after in a way that prevents ingrown horns; otherwise, the person responsible for the animal may be prosecuted. Here, we present a review of 32 legal cases that occurred in Sweden between 2008 and 2022 for which the charge involved horn-related anomalies in cattle or sheep. The aim being to investigate the nature of these horn-related anomalies and the circumstances under which they occur. Of the legal cases, 53% were discovered during official animal welfare control on farms and 44% at an abattoir during pre-slaughter inspection. These include extreme injuries, e.g. both horns penetrating the periosteum into the skull bone, or a horn penetrating into the eye or oral cavity. The reasons offered by the accused for failing to detect animals with horn-related anomalies included that the animal appeared normal, that it was long-haired, shy, or hard to reach, or that the horns had not undergone gradual growth but had accidentally or suddenly penetrated the skin. Overall, 81% of the cases led to convictions; however, none of these resulted in imprisonment. Reasons for acquittals included insufficient crime description or evidence as to how the horn-related anomaly occurred or of the animal being exposed to suffering. A number of recommendations are provided that could help limit the occurrence of ingrown horns.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Cambridge University Press, 2024. Vol. 33, article id e4
Keywords [en]
animal welfare, cattle, horn overgrowth, ingrown horns, sheep, suffering
National Category
Animal and Dairy Science
Research subject
Law
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-127871DOI: 10.1017/awf.2024.5ISI: 001150593100001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85185311307OAI: oai:DiVA.org:lnu-127871DiVA, id: diva2:1839365
Available from: 2024-02-20 Created: 2024-02-20 Last updated: 2024-04-04Bibliographically approved

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Beck-Friis, JohanSarenbo, Sirkku

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