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Modeling metal uptake by selected vegetables from urban soils in Europe: uncovering key soil factors using partial least squares regression (PLS-R)
Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5799-6329
James Hutton Institute, UK.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9698-9700
Czech Univ Life Sci Prague, Czech Republic;Univ Salford, UK.
James Hutton Inst, UK.
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2025 (English)In: Human and Ecological Risk Assessment, ISSN 1080-7039, E-ISSN 1549-7860, Vol. 31, no 3-4, p. 434-458Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Partial Least Squares Regression (PLS-R) was introduced as a method for modeling the uptake of six potentially toxic elements (PTEs)- Ba, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn- by lettuce, chard, and carrot. Data were obtained from a pot experiment where these crops were cultivated in urban soils of various characteristics. The models consider soil concentrations of PTE, Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S and pH, SOM, CEC, and soil texture as predictors. Initially, eighteen metal- and crop-specific models with all predictors were developed, using selectivity ratios (SRi) to identify influential variables for predicting PTE soil-to-crop transfer. Reduced models were then created using only predictors with high SRi. Key variables for predicting PTE soil-to-crop transfer included soil PTE concentration, pH, Fe and Mn soil concentrations, and soil texture. Out of eighteen models, sixteen were suitable for predicting correlations and assessing PTE accumulation in crops, while eight were accurate for quantitative predictions. This study shows that PLS-R is a robust method for modeling soil-to-crop transfer of metal contaminants, even with multicollinear predictors. PLS-R also helps identify key variables, providing insights into the mechanisms of PTE accumulation in crops, which is crucial for effective risk assessments.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Taylor & Francis Group, 2025. Vol. 31, no 3-4, p. 434-458
Keywords [en]
Urban gardening, metal contaminant soil-to-crop transfer, risk assessments, partial least squares regression (PLS-R), SDG 11: sustainable cities and communities
National Category
Environmental Sciences
Research subject
Natural Science, Environmental Science
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-137184DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2025.2464109ISI: 001424105200001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85219692893OAI: oai:DiVA.org:lnu-137184DiVA, id: diva2:1945804
Available from: 2025-03-19 Created: 2025-03-19 Last updated: 2025-05-06Bibliographically approved

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Lundgren, MariaHough, Rupert LloydDai, DeliangAugustsson, Anna

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Lundgren, MariaHough, Rupert LloydDai, DeliangAugustsson, Anna
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Department of Biology and Environmental ScienceDepartment of Economics and Statistics (NS)
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Human and Ecological Risk Assessment
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