Introduction

Individuals with Asperger’s Disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may need support in order to participate and progress toward graduating from school; a starting point for pursuing institutes of further education, work and participation in community life.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to describe and explore young adults’ with Asperger’s Disorder syndrome and ADHD experience of support in school and what they, in retrospect describe as influencing learning.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample comprising 13 young adults between the age of 20 to 29 years, diagnosed with Asperger’s Disorder and attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) based on DSM-IV and / or ICD-10 that have completed compulsory school.  A qualitative data analysis was used. 

Results

Results show that the students in the present study stated that they did not receive adequate support during their school time in relation to their perceived difficulties with academic performance. Different aspects of support including academic accommodations, social support and emotional support are described as important for learning and participation in school.  Despite being evident in the students’ stories the support was perceived as inappropriate in relation to their individual needs and the students advocate for support affecting the students’ wellbeing.

Conclusion

The experience of support in school described by students with presented Asperger’s Disorder and ADHD are complex and require understanding of multiple aspects important for learning and participation.  

Contribution to the practice/evidence base of occupational therapy

Based on the students’ perspectives this study showed that different forms of support in school are important for learning and participation.  Therefore, occupational therapy services are essential for developing and implementing interventions in school. In addition, a collaborative approach between educators, parents and students is crucial for supporting students with Asperger’s Disorder and ADHD in school.