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  • 1.
    Abbas, Nada
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.
    Information needs of gravel roads stakeholders:  A case study to elicit the requirements of future users of a cloud-based information system2020Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Within any ecosystem, information needs are shared to be fulfilled and to support the ecosystem in a way or another. They are vital for designing appropriate information systems that will provide those needs. In this thesis, the gravel road ecosystem is studied, where efficient information sharing is not enabled due to the lack of appropriate information systems. Thus,when focusing on the gravel roads ecosystem, information plays a crucial role regarding the maintenance acts upon these roads. Moreover, not enough literature investigates theinformation needs of gravel roads stakeholders with the aim to improve the maintenance ofthese roads.

    Therefore, this thesis intends to elicit information needs of gravel road stakeholders by performing an exploratory case study. The case study forms a part of an ongoing project with the goal to build a cloud-based information system for a sustainable gravel road maintenance. Data were collected through telephone- and online-based interviews with several key stakeholders in Sweden and were thereafter structured through template analysis. The major findings were a set of information needs and several needed sensors within the pre-mentioned information system. This thesis concluded that the future cloud-based information system in the ongoing project is a useful system for sharing vital information among future gravel roads stakeholders, considering the variety of needed information that affects the maintenance of the gravel roads.

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    Information needs of gravel roads stakeholders
  • 2.
    Abbas, Nadeem
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM).
    Designing Self-Adaptive Software Systems with Reuse2018Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Modern software systems are increasingly more connected, pervasive, and dynamic, as such, they are subject to more runtime variations than legacy systems. Runtime variations affect system properties, such as performance and availability. The variations are difficult to anticipate and thus mitigate in the system design.

    Self-adaptive software systems were proposed as a solution to monitor and adapt systems in response to runtime variations. Research has established a vast body of knowledge on engineering self-adaptive systems. However, there is a lack of systematic process support that leverages such engineering knowledge and provides for systematic reuse for self-adaptive systems development. 

    This thesis proposes the Autonomic Software Product Lines (ASPL), which is a strategy for developing self-adaptive software systems with systematic reuse. The strategy exploits the separation of a managed and a managing subsystem and describes three steps that transform and integrate a domain-independent managing system platform into a domain-specific software product line for self-adaptive software systems.

    Applying the ASPL strategy is however not straightforward as it involves challenges related to variability and uncertainty. We analyzed variability and uncertainty to understand their causes and effects. Based on the results, we developed the Autonomic Software Product Lines engineering (ASPLe) methodology, which provides process support for the ASPL strategy. The ASPLe has three processes, 1) ASPL Domain Engineering, 2) Specialization and 3) Integration. Each process maps to one of the steps in the ASPL strategy and defines roles, work-products, activities, and workflows for requirements, design, implementation, and testing. The focus of this thesis is on requirements and design.

    We validate the ASPLe through demonstration and evaluation. We developed three demonstrator product lines using the ASPLe. We also conducted an extensive case study to evaluate key design activities in the ASPLe with experiments, questionnaires, and interviews. The results show a statistically significant increase in quality and reuse levels for self-adaptive software systems designed using the ASPLe compared to current engineering practices.

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    Doctoral Thesis (Comprehensive Summary)
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  • 3.
    Abbas, Nadeem
    Umeå universitet.
    Properites of "Good" Java Examples2010Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Example programs are well known as an important tool to learn computer programming. Realizing the signicance of example programs, this study has been conducted with a goalto measure and evaluate the quality of examples used in academia. We make a distinctionbetween good and bad examples, as badly designed examples may prove harmful for novice learners. In general, students differ from expert programmers in their approach to read and comprehend a program. How do students understand example programs is explored in the light of classical theories and models of program comprehension. Key factors that impact program quality and comprehension are identified. To evaluate as well as improve the quality of examples, a set of quality attributes is proposed. Relationship between program complexity and quality is examined. We rate readability as a prime quality attribute and hypothesize that example programs with low readability are difficult to understand. Software Reading Ease Score (SRES), a program readability metric proposed by Börstler et al. is implemented to provide a readability measurement tool. SRES is based on lexical tokens and is easy to compute using static code analysis techniques. To validate SRES metric, results are statistically analyzed in correlation to earlier existing well acknowledged software metrics.

  • 4.
    Abbas, Nadeem
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Computer Science, Physics and Mathematics.
    Towards autonomic software product lines2011In: SPLC '11 Proceedings of the 15th International Software Product Line Conference, Volume 2, ACM Press, 2011, p. 44:1-44:8Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We envision an Autonomic Software Product Line (ASPL). The ASPL is a dynamic software product line that supports self adaptable products. We plan to use reflective architecture to model and develop ASPL. To evaluate the approach, we have implemented three autonomic product lines which show promising results. The ASPL approach is at initial stages, and require additional work. We plan to exploit online learning to realize more dynamic software product lines to cope with the problem of product line evolution. We propose on-line knowledge sharing among products in a product line to achieve continuous improvement of quality in product line products.

  • 5.
    Abbas, Nadeem
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM), Department of Computer Science.
    Andersson, Jesper
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM), Department of Computer Science.
    Architectural reasoning for dynamic software product lines2013In: Proceedings of the 17th International Software Product Line Conference co-located workshops, ACM Press, 2013, p. 117-124Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Software quality is critical in today's software systems. A challenge is the trade-off situation architects face in the design process. Designers often have two or more alternatives, which must be compared and put into context before a decision is made. The challenge becomes even more complex for dynamic software product lines, where domain designers have to take runtime variations into consideration as well. To address the problem we propose extensions to an architectural reasoning framework with constructs/artifacts to define and model a domain's scope and dynamic variability. The extended reasoning framework encapsulates knowledge to understand and reason about domain quality behavior and self-adaptation as a primary variability mechanism. The framework is demonstrated for a self-configuration property, self-upgradability on an educational product-line.

  • 6.
    Abbas, Nadeem
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM), Department of Computer Science.
    Andersson, Jesper
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM), Department of Computer Science.
    Architectural Reasoning Support for Product-Lines of Self-adaptive Software Systems: A Case Study2015In: Software Architecture: 9th European Conference, ECSA 2015, Dubrovnik/Cavtat, Croatia, September 7-11, 201 / [ed] Danny Weyns, Raffaela Mirandola, Ivica Crnkovic, Springer, 2015, p. 20-36Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Software architecture serves as a foundation for the design and development of software systems. Designing an architecture requires extensive analysis and reasoning. The study presented herein focuses on the architectural analysis and reasoning in support of engineering self-adaptive software systems with systematic reuse. Designing self-adaptive software systems with systematic reuse introduces variability along three dimensions; adding more complexity to the architectural analysis and reasoning process. To this end, the study presents an extended Architectural Reasoning Framework with dedicated reasoning support for self-adaptive systems and reuse. To evaluate the proposed framework, we conducted an initial feasibility case study, which concludes that the proposed framework assists the domain architects to increase reusability, reduce fault density, and eliminate differences in skills and experiences among architects, which were our research goals and are decisive factors for a system's overall quality.

  • 7.
    Abbas, Nadeem
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM), Department of Computer Science.
    Andersson, Jesper
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM), Department of Computer Science.
    ASPLe: a methodology to develop self-adaptive software systems with reuse2017Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Advances in computing technologies are pushing software systems and their operating environments to become more dynamic and complex. The growing complexity of software systems coupled with uncertainties induced by runtime variations leads to challenges in software analysis and design. Self-Adaptive Software Systems (SASS) have been proposed as a solution to address design time complexity and uncertainty by adapting software systems at runtime. A vast body of knowledge on engineering self-adaptive software systems has been established. However, to the best of our knowledge, no or little work has considered systematic reuse of this knowledge. To that end, this study contributes an Autonomic Software Product Lines engineering (ASPLe) methodology. The ASPLe is based on a multi-product lines strategy which leverages systematic reuse through separation of application and adaptation logic. It provides developers with repeatable process support to design and develop self-adaptive software systems with reuse across several application domains. The methodology is composed of three core processes, and each process is organized for requirements, design, implementation, and testing activities. To exemplify and demonstrate the use of the ASPLe methodology, three application domains are used as running examples throughout the report.

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    ASPLe2017
  • 8.
    Abbas, Nadeem
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Computer Science.
    Andersson, Jesper
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Computer Science.
    Harnessing Variability in Product-lines of Self-adaptive Software Systems2015In: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Software Product Line: SPLC '15, ACM Press, 2015, p. 191-200Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This work studies systematic reuse in the context of self-adaptive software systems. In our work, we realized that managing variability for such platforms is different compared to traditional platforms, primarily due to the run-time variability and system uncertainties. Motivated by the fact that recent trends show that self-adaptation will be used more often in future system generation and that software reuse state-of-practice or research do not provide sufficient support, we have investigated the problems and possibly resolutions in this context. We have analyzed variability for these systems, using a systematic reuse prism, and identified a research gap in variability management. The analysis divides variability handling into four activities: (1) identify variability, (2) constrain variability, (3) implement variability, and (4) manage variability. Based on the findings we envision a reuse framework for the specific domain and present an example framework that addresses some of the identified challenges. We argue that it provides basic support for engineering self-adaptive software systems with systematic reuse. We discuss some important avenues of research for achieving the vision.

  • 9.
    Abbas, Nadeem
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Computer Science.
    Andersson, Jesper
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Computer Science.
    Iftikhar, Muhammad Usman
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Computer Science.
    Weyns, Danny
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Computer Science.
    Rigorous architectural reasoning for self-adaptive software systems2016In: Proceedings: First Workshop on Qualitative Reasoning abut Software Architectures, QRASA 2016 / [ed] Lisa O'Conner, IEEE, 2016, p. 11-18Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Designing a software architecture requires architectural reasoning, i.e., activities that translate requirements to an architecture solution. Architectural reasoning is particularly challenging in the design of product-lines of self-adaptive systems, which involve variability both at development time and runtime. In previous work we developed an extended Architectural Reasoning Framework (eARF) to address this challenge. However, evaluation of the eARF showed that the framework lacked support for rigorous reasoning, ensuring that the design complies to the requirements. In this paper, we introduce an analytical framework that enhances eARF with such support. The framework defines a set of artifacts and a series of activities. Artifacts include templates to specify domain quality attribute scenarios, concrete models, and properties. The activities support architects with transforming requirement scenarios to architecture models that comply to required properties. Our focus in this paper is on architectural reasoning support for a single product instance. We illustrate the benefits of the approach by applying it to an example client-server system, and outline challenges for future work. © 2016 IEEE.

  • 10.
    Abbas, Nadeem
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Computer Science, Physics and Mathematics.
    Andersson, Jesper
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Computer Science, Physics and Mathematics.
    Löwe, Welf
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Computer Science, Physics and Mathematics.
    Autonomic Software Product Lines (ASPL)2010In: ECSA '10 Proceedings of the Fourth European Conference on Software Architecture: Companion Volume / [ed] Carlos E. Cuesta, ACM Press, 2010, p. 324-331Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We describe ongoing work on a variability mechanism for Autonomic Software Product Lines (ASPL). The autonomic software product lines have self-management characteristics that make product line instances more resilient to context changes and some aspects of product line evolution. Instances sense the context, selects and bind the best component variants to variation-points at run-time. The variability mechanism we describe is composed of a profile guided dispatch based on off-line and on-line training processes. Together they form a simple, yet powerful variability mechanism that continuously learns, which variants to bind given the current context and system goals.

  • 11.
    Abbas, Nadeem
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Computer Science, Physics and Mathematics.
    Andersson, Jesper
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Computer Science, Physics and Mathematics.
    Löwe, Welf
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Computer Science, Physics and Mathematics.
    Towards Autonomic Software Product Lines (ASPL) - A Technical Report2011Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This report describes a work in progress to develop Autonomic Software Product Lines (ASPL). The ASPL is a dynamic software product line approach with a novel variability handling mechanism that enables traditional software product lines to adapt themselves at runtime in response to changes in their context, requirements and business goals. The ASPL variability mechanism is composed of three key activities: 1) context-profiling, 2) context-aware composition, and 3) online learning. Context-profiling is an offline activity that prepares a knowledge base for context-aware composition. The context-aware composition uses the knowledge base to derive a new product or adapts an existing product based on a product line's context attributes and goals. The online learning optimizes the knowledge base to remove errors and suboptimal information and to incorporate new knowledge. The three activities together form a simple yet powerful variability handling mechanism that learns and adapts a system at runtime in response to changes in system context and goals. We evaluated the ASPL variability mechanism on three small-scale software product lines and got promising results. The ASPL approach is, however, is yet at an initial stage and require improved development support with more rigorous evaluation. 

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    fulltext
  • 12.
    Abbas, Nadeem
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM).
    Andersson, Jesper
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM).
    Weyns, Danny
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM). Katholieke Univ Leuven, Belgium.
    ASPLe: a methodology to develop self-adaptive software systems with systematic reuse2020In: Journal of Systems and Software, ISSN 0164-1212, E-ISSN 1873-1228, Vol. 167, p. 1-19, article id 110626Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    More than two decades of research have demonstrated an increasing need for software systems to be self-adaptive. Self-adaptation is required to deal with runtime dynamics which are difficult to predict before deployment. A vast body of knowledge to develop Self-Adaptive Software Systems (SASS) has been established. We, however, discovered a lack of process support to develop self-adaptive systems with reuse. To that end, we propose a domain-engineering based methodology, Autonomic Software Product Lines engineering (ASPLe), which provides step-by-step guidelines for developing families of SASS with systematic reuse. The evaluation results from a case study show positive effects on quality and reuse for self-adaptive systems designed using the ASPLe compared to state-of-the-art engineering practices.

  • 13.
    Abbas, Nadeem
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Computer Science, Physics and Mathematics.
    Andersson, Jesper
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Computer Science, Physics and Mathematics.
    Weyns, Danny
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Computer Science, Physics and Mathematics.
    Knowledge evolution in autonomic software product lines2011In: SPLC '11 Proceedings of the 15th International Software Product Line Conference, Volume 2, New York, NY, USA: ACM Press, 2011, p. 36:1-36:8Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We describe ongoing work in knowledge evolution management for autonomic software product lines. We explore how an autonomic product line may benefit from new knowledge originating from different source activities and artifacts at run time. The motivation for sharing run-time knowledge is that products may self-optimize at run time and thus improve quality faster compared to traditional software product line evolution. We propose two mechanisms that support knowledge evolution in product lines: online learning and knowledge sharing. We describe two basic scenarios for runtime knowledge evolution that involves these mechanisms. We evaluate online learning and knowledge sharing in a small product line setting that shows promising results.

  • 14.
    Abbas, Nadeem
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Computer Science, Physics and Mathematics.
    Andersson, Jesper
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Computer Science, Physics and Mathematics.
    Weyns, Danny
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Computer Science, Physics and Mathematics.
    Modeling Variability in Product Lines Using Domain Quality Attribute Scenarios2012In: Proceedings of the WICSA/ECSA 2012 Companion Volume, ACM Press, 2012, p. 135-142Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The concept of variability is fundamental in software product lines and a successful implementation of a product line largely depends on how well domain requirements and their variability are specified, managed, and realized. While developing an educational software product line, we identified a lack of support to specify variability in quality concerns. To address this problem we propose an approach to model variability in quality concerns, which is an extension of quality attribute scenarios. In particular, we propose domain quality attribute scenarios, which extend standard quality attribute scenarios with additional information to support specification of variability and deriving product specific scenarios. We demonstrate the approach with scenarios for robustness and upgradability requirements in the educational software product line.

  • 15.
    Abbas, Nadeem
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM).
    Awais, Mian Muhammad
    Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan.
    Kurti, Arianit
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM).
    Smart Forest Observatories Network: A MAPE-K Architecture Based Approach for Detecting and Monitoring Forest Damage2023In: Proceedings of the Conference Digital solutions for detecting and monitoring forest damage: Växjö, Sweden, March 28-29, 2023, 2023Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Forests are essential for life, providing various ecological, social, and economic benefits worldwide. However, one of the main challenges faced by the world is the forest damage caused by biotic and abiotic factors. In any case, the forest damages threaten the environment, biodiversity, and ecosystem. Climate change and anthropogenic activities, such as illegal logging and industrial waste, are among the principal elements contributing to forest damage. To achieve the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to forests and climate change, detecting and analyzing forest damages, and taking appropriate measures to prevent or reduce the damages are essential. To that end, we envision establishing a Smart Forest Observatories (SFOs) network, as shown below, which can be either a local area or a wide area network involving remote forests. The basic idea is to use Monitor, Analyze, Plan, Execute, and Knowledge (MAPE-K) architecture from autonomic computing and self-adaptive software systems domain to design and develop the SFOs network. The SFOs are planned to collect, analyze, and share the collected data and analysis results using state-of-the-art methods. The principal objective of the SFOs network is to provide accurate and real-time data to policymakers and forest managers, enabling them to develop effective policies and management strategies for global forest conservation that help to achieve SDGs related to forests and climate change.

  • 16.
    Abdeljaber, Osama
    et al.
    Qatar University, Qatar.
    Avci, Onur
    Qatar University, Qatar.
    Kiranyaz, Serkan
    Qatar University, Qatar.
    Boashash, Boualem
    Qatar University, Qatar; The University of Queensland, Herston, Australia.
    Sodano, Henry
    University of Michigan, USA.
    Inman, Daniel
    University of Michigan, USA.
    1-D CNNs for structural damage detection: verification on a structural health monitoring benchmark data2018In: Neurocomputing, ISSN 0925-2312, E-ISSN 1872-8286, Vol. 275, p. 1308-1317Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Structural damage detection has been an interdisciplinary area of interest for various engineering fields. While the available damage detection methods have been in the process of adapting machine learning concepts, most machine learning based methods extract “hand-crafted” features which are fixed and manually selected in advance. Their performance varies significantly among various patterns of data depending on the particular structure under analysis. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs), on the other hand, can fuse and simultaneously optimize two major sets of an assessment task (feature extraction and classification) into a single learning block during the training phase. This ability not only provides an improved classification performance but also yields a superior computational efficiency. 1D CNNs have recently achieved state-of-the-art performance in vibration-based structural damage detection; however, it has been reported that the training of the CNNs requires significant amount of measurements especially in large structures. In order to overcome this limitation, this paper presents an enhanced CNN-based approach that requires only two measurement sets regardless of the size of the structure. This approach is verified using the experimental data of the Phase II benchmark problem of structural health monitoring which had been introduced by IASC-ASCE Structural Health Monitoring Task Group. As a result, it is shown that the enhanced CNN-based approach successfully estimated the actual amount of damage for the nine damage scenarios of the benchmark study.

  • 17.
    Abdiju, Kushtrim
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM).
    Exploring a New Way of Food Inventory Management in Households Using Modern Technologies to Reduce Food Waste2019Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Food waste is becoming an increasing threat to the environment and the economy. Estimates indicate that annually, a third of the food produced around the world ends up being wasted. Only one-fourth of that food is enough to take nearly a billion people out of starvation. Food waste is especially higher in more developed countries, including most of the states in the European Union and the USA. Sector-wise, food is being lost from field to fork, with households topping the charts. Overbuying, not knowing what already is in the fridge, unaware of the food until it eventually expires, are among the most common reasons that contribute to the food waste. The potential prevention of such massive waste could significantly reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emissions around the world and help the economy of the households including all the parties involved in food production, distributing and retailing.

    On the other hand, technology has progressed in very rapid steps. The advancement of AI, ML, IoT, and voice-enabled devices has revolutionized many industries and has made us more efficient as human beings. Unfortunately, these advancements haven't yet had any significant impact in assisting families with their food choices and in preventing them from overbuying and throwing food away. Most of the proposed solutions addressing this issue, do not get integrated into everyday life. That is because they require a lot of manual input, rely entirely on mobile phones, do not show immediate results to keep users motivated, and on top of all, for the sole fact that modern lives are quite complex, and although an important issue, food waste is not an everyday cause of concern of an average person.

    This thesis takes into account all of the shortcomings of the previous works and aims to create a more sustainable solution by exploring new ways of food inventory management in the households by automating the process so that users don't have to manually enter the data themselves. The proposed solution consists of a device that should be easily mounted into any fridge and acts as an interface between users and their food inventory. The device contains a bar-code scanner for the item input and a back-end that is capable of recognizing the item and can in return show user-friendly and valuable information such as the approximate price of the item, the approximate due date etc. and notifies users when an item is about to expire so that they can take appropriate actions.

    7 out of 9 participants in the final conceptual design study said they would use this solution in their homes. The rest of the results from the designed test cases indicate a clear excitement and interest in participants and a willingness to see the prototype in the finished state, all the comments and insights together with the future work and how the feedback will be used into the next iteration are part of the final discussion of this thesis.

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    kushtrim-abdiu-thesis
  • 18.
    Abdilrahim, Ahmad
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM).
    Alhawi, Caesar
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM).
    Studying the Relation BetweenChange- and Fault-proneness: Are Change-prone Classes MoreFault-prone, and Vice-versa?2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Software is the heartbeat of modern technology. To keep up with the new demands and expansion of requirements, changes are constantly introduced to the software, i.e., changes can also be made to fix an existing fault/defect. However, these changes might also cause further faults/defects in the software. This study aims to investigate the possible correlation between change-proneness and fault-proneness in object- oriented systems. Forty releases of five different open-source systems are analysed to quantify change- and fault-proneness; Beam, Camel, Ignite, Jenkins, and JMe- ter, then statistic evidence is presented as to answer the following: (1) Is there is a relationship between change-proneness and fault-proneness for classes in object- oriented systems? (2) Is there a relationship between size and fault-proneness for classes in object-oriented systems? and (3) Is there a relationship between size and change-proneness for classes in object-oriented systems? Using the Wilcoxon rank- sum test, the results show that: (1) there is a correlation between change- and fault- proneness at a statistically significant level and (2) a correlation also exists betweenclass size and its change- and fault-proneness at a statistically significant level.

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    fulltext
  • 19.
    Abdulin, Ruslan
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM).
    Applying Machine Learning to Detect Historical Remains in Swedish Forestry Using LIDAR Data2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Historical remains in Swedish forests are at risk of being damaged by heavy machineryduring regular soil preparation, scarification, and regeneration activities. Thereason for this is that the exact locations of these remains are often unknown or theirrecords are inaccurate. Some of the most vulnerable historical remains are the tracesleft after years of charcoal production. In this thesis, we design and implement acomputer vision artificial intelligent model capable of identifying these traces usingtwo accessible visualizations of Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) data. Themodel we used was the ResNet34 Convolutional Neural Network pre-trained on theImageNet dataset. The model took advantage of the image segmentation approachand required only a small number of annotations distributed on original images fortraining. During the process of data preparation, the original images were heavilyaugmented, which bolstered the training dataset. Results showed that the model candetect charcoal burners sites and mark them on both types of LIDAR visualizations.Being implemented on modern frameworks and featured with state-of-art machinelearning techniques, the model may reduce the costs of surveys of this type of historicalremains and thereby help save cultural heritage.

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    fulltext
  • 20.
    Abdullahi, Abdille
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering.
    Component-based Software development2008Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Component-based Software development is a promising way to improve quality, time to market and handle the increasing complexity of software management. However, The component-based development is still a process with many problems, it is not well de_ned either from theoretical or practical point of view. This thesis gives a brief overview of Component-Based Software development and starts with brief historical evolution followed by a general explanation of the method. A detailed discussion of the underlying principles like components, component framework and compent system architecture are then presented. Some real world component stadards such as .net framework, CORBA CCM and EJB are given in detail. Finally, simple fille-sharing-program based on Apache's Avalon framework and another one based on .net framework are developed as a case study.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 21.
    Abdulrazak Kadhim, Duaa
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.
    Improving Electronic Health Records for Non-Swedish Speaking Refugees: A Qualitative Case Study2018Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract

    Information and communication technology is used in healthcare in Sweden to improve health quality. Electronic Health Records are one of the technologies in healthcare which can increase a patient’s involvement in his/her healthcare and decision-making related to it. The patient can discuss the treatments, analyses and medical information stored in Electronic Health Records. The aim in this study is to investigate how the Electronics Health Records can be improved to motivate refugees in Sweden who cannot speak Swedish. This research is a qualitative interpretive case study. The methods used in this study are observation and interviews. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis. The findings show that refugees don’t receive information or instructions about how to use electronic health records properly. The language is the biggest hurdle to use electronic health records for refugee patients without knowing Swedish language. The findings further show that the electronic health records can be improved by adding sound or translated medical information in the diagnosis part of the electronic health record. This research might contribute to the healthcare process of any country in the world which has refugees and they use electronic health records.

     

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  • 22.
    Abraham, Doney
    et al.
    Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway.
    Yildirim Yayilgan, Sule
    Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway.
    Abomhara, Mohamed
    Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway.
    Gebremedhin, Alemayehu
    Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway.
    Dalipi, Fisnik
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.
    Security and Privacy issues in IoT based Smart Grids: A case study in a digital substation2022In: Holistic Approach for Decision Making Towards Designing Smart Cities / [ed] Lazaroiu, George Cristian; Roscia, Mariacristina; Dancu, Vasile Sebastian, Switzerland: Springer, 2022, 1, p. 57-74Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Smart Grid is one of the increasingly used critical infrastruc- ture that is essential for the functioning of a country. This coupled with Internet of Things (IoT) has huge potentials in several areas such as re- mote monitoring and managing of electricity distribution, traffic signs, traffic congestion, parking spaces, road warnings and even early detection of power influxes as a result of natural disasters, safety failures, equip- ment failures or carelessness. Despite the advantages of Smart Grids, there are security threats, privacy concerns and still open challenges re- lated to these issues in Smart Grids. This chapter seeks to provide a review of the security and privacy perspectives inherent in IoT enabled Smart Grids. Firstly the chapter explores the functionalities of Smart Grids as opposed to a traditional grid. Next the chapter provides an overview of Smart Grid architectures followed by positioning IoT con- cept into Smart Grid with a focus on architectures. Then, the proposed approach for identifying threats and attacks in IoT enabled Smart Grid, namely the security pyramid is presented. Lastly, we work on identifying the possible threats and attacks in the digital substation use case.

  • 23.
    Abrahamsson, Claes
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering.
    Videokompression och användarnytta2007Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Digital video är ett område som expanderat kraftigt senaste åren. På grund av avancerade videokompressionsmetoder kan numera en hel långfilm rymmas på mobiltelefonen eller den handhållna videospelaren. Men hur fungerar videokompression och hur hårt kan man komprimera en viss filmsekvens med bibehållen användarnytta? I denna uppsats görs en genomgång för grunderna inom videokompression. Dess förhållande till användarnyttan undersöks genom ett experiment. I detta experiment testas tre videosekvenser komprimerade med tre olika kodekar i tre olika datahastigheter för tre olika experimentgrupper. Slutsatsen av

    denna studie är att det är svårt att hitta en exakt brytpunkt där användaren finner videokvaliteten oacceptabel. Dock kan det konstateras att den högsta datahastigheten(256 kbit/s) genererar hög användarnytta medan den lägsta datahastigheten genererar låg användarnytta. Mellanhastigheten 128 kbit/s får knappt godkänt av testpersonerna.

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  • 24.
    Abrahamsson, Jimmy
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Computer Science, Physics and Mathematics.
    Nätverksoptimering: Bästa möjliga tillgänglighet till lägsta möjliga länkkostnad2012Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna uppsats behandlar nätverksoptimering, med fokus på att få fram den bästa möjliga tillgängligheten till lägsta möjliga kostnad, i form av länkar. I studien tas en teoretiskt grundad hypotes om en metod fram för att lösa detta problemet. Samt genomförs ett test där metoden appliceras på ett studieobjekt för att bekräfta huruvida metoden verkar fungerar eller inte.

    Resultatet blir slutligen en metod som genom att analysera tillgängligheten, länk redundansen samt beräkna antal oberoende vägar mellan noder i ett nätverk. Kan genom att jämföra resultat från före en förändring med resultat från efter en förändring lyfta fram de förändringar som medför förbättringar. Varpå ett nätverk kan optimeras till bästa möjliga tillgänglighet till lägsta möjliga kostnad, i form av länkar.

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    Nätverksoptimering
  • 25.
    Abualrob, Marwan
    et al.
    Arab American University of Palestine, Palestine.
    Ewais, Ahmed
    Arab American University of Palestine, Palestine.
    Dalipi, Fisnik
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.
    Awaad, Thawra
    Arab American University of Palestine, Palestine.
    Utilizing Augmented Reality to Enhance Twenty-First Century Skills in Chemistry Education2023In: 2023 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), Kuwait, IEEE, 2023, p. 1-6Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Numerous studies have shown that mobile devices like smartphones play a significant role in education these days, and it's clear that the influence and benefits of these devices regarding the potential for pedagogical perspectives are obvious. Mobile learning allows for flexibility by eliminating the need for learning to happen at a particular time and place. Moreover, mobile devices that can support Augmented Reality (AR) are becoming more powerful, less expensive and quite useful in the education process. In this paper, we conduct a study where mobile AR application alongside project-based learning is utilized in a classroom setting, where interviews are administered to understand the K-12 students' attitude towards the educational model based on mobile AR for enhancing the twenty-first century skills in chemistry education. The interviews are conducted with thirty students and their teacher who teaches them chemistry course. Four skills are investigated and discussed, i.e., innovation and creativity, critical skills and problem solving, communication and collaboration, and information culture. Based on the research findings, some recommendations are provided. Furthermore, in the scope of Agenda 2030 for Palestine, we believe these findings could serve as a basis for developing practical policy interventions attributed to enhancing the educational system with emerging technologies.

  • 26.
    AbuHemeida, Dalya
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM).
    Alsaid, Mustafa
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM).
    Estimating the energy consumption of Java Programs: Collections & Sorting algorithms2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Java applications consume energy, which has become a controversial topic since it limits the number of machines and increases the cost of data centers. This paper investigates the potential relationship between energy consumption and some quality attributes for Java Collections and Sorting algorithms in order to raise awareness about using energy-efficient programs. In addition, introduce to the developers the most and least efficient Java Collection and Sorting algorithm in terms of energy consumption, memory, and CPU usage. This was achieved by conducting a controlled experiment to measure these terms. The data obtained for the results was used to acquire Statistical and Efficiency Analysis to answer the research questions.

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    Degree project
  • 27.
    Achilleos, Achilleas
    et al.
    Frederick University, Cyprus.
    Mettouris, Christos
    University of Cyprus, Cyprus.
    Yeratziotis, Alexandros
    University of Cyprus, Cyprus.
    Papadopoulos, George
    University of Cyprus, Cyprus.
    Pllana, Sabri
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM).
    Huber, Florian
    SYNYO GmbH, Austria.
    Jäger, Bernhard
    SYNYO GmbH, Austria.
    Leitner, Peter
    SYNYO GmbH, Austria.
    Ocsovszky, Zsófia
    BioTalentum Ltd, Hungary.
    Dinnyés, András
    BioTalentum Ltd, Hungary.
    SciChallenge: A Social Media Aware Platform for Contest-Based STEM Education and Motivation of Young Students2019In: IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, ISSN 1939-1382, E-ISSN 1939-1382, Vol. 12, no 1, p. 98-111Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Scientific and technological innovations have become increasingly important as we face the benefits and challenges of both globalization and a knowledge-based economy. Still, enrolment rates in STEM degrees are low in many European countries and consequently there is a lack of adequately educated workforce in industries. We believe that this can be mainly attributed to pedagogical issues, such as the lack of engaging hands-on activities utilized for science and math education in middle and high schools. In this paper, we report our work in the SciChallenge European project, which aims at increasing the interest of pre-university students in STEM disciplines, through its distinguishing feature, the systematic use of social media for providing and evaluation of the student-generated content. A social media-aware contest and platform were thus developed and tested in a pan-European contest that attracted >700 participants. The statistical analysis and results revealed that the platform and contest positively influenced participants STEM learning and motivation, while only the gender factor for the younger study group appeared to affect the outcomes (confidence level – p<.05).

  • 28.
    Adamou, Sofia
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.
    Ntoka, Lamprini
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.
    The impact of Digital Technologies on Academic Libraries: a study in Greece2017Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 80 credits / 120 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: This study explores both library users’ and librarians’ experiences, benefits, and challenges depending on the implementation of digital technologies in academic libraries. The research has been taken place in two Greek academic libraries; In the Panteion University Library and in the Central Library of T.E.I. of Athens.Approach: Two research questions were developed for this research to be conducted and a sample size of 55 respondents (39 library users and 16 librarians) of the Panteion University Library and Central Library of T.E.I. of Athens, was evaluated.Findings: From the findings of the study, it was concluded that the general perception of both library users and librarians towards digital material and E-resources and services of the Panteion University Library and Central Library of T.E.I. of Athens, is satisfactory. Library users were satisfied with the convenience of digital material, the availability of E-resources provided by both academic libraries such as World Wide Web, WIFI, and online databases. They were not satisfied with library technology (i.e., computers) and library staff. Besides, results showed that services such as e-mail and Open Public Access Catalogue were used more often. Librarians were less satisfied with the digital library system, the limited personnel, and the financial funds for academic libraries in general.Implication: The results of this research have implications in the stakeholders of an academic library including the institutional management, the library administration, the librarians, the library users, the researchers, the community at large, and others.Value: This paper identifies critical issues related to the utilization of digital technologies and digital material; their benefits and challenges faced by librarians and library users as well as their effective operation from academic libraries in this information age.

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  • 29.
    Adebayo, Stephen
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.
    Perceived impacts of Cloud Computing adoption on the role of an IT department of a higher institution in a developing country.2019Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 40 credits / 60 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Cloud computing popularity has continued to be on the increase side, and it has been significant contributory factor to the of 24/7 365 days business culture of the digital 21st century where data and data centers are accessed via the internet through any connected device, anytime and from anywhere. Higher Education Institutions (HEI) or Tertiary Education Institution (TEI) are also among organisations, medium and large, that are tapping into this trend by gradually adopting this technology to reduce their high budgets in the prevailing face of financial shortage. This has particularly made the technology attractive to TEI in developing countries, and more of them are adopting the services being offered by cloud computing. The adoption of this technology however, affects the way and manner by which IT services are being delivered traditionally by the TEI IT or ICT departments. The objective of this study therefore, is to explore the adoption of this phenomenal technology and its impact on the role of traditional IT department in one of the tertiary education institution in the South Western part of Nigeria. The TOE framework adoption model was used to explore the adoption factors, and interviews conducted within the ICT department of the institution as part of the empirical findings process. In contrary to popular belief, no member of the IT staff has lost his or her job yet based on the adoption despite the impact on the skills and culture in service delivery of the department. IT staffs were encouraged to adapt to the change as quickly as possible with trainings given, and the ICT, thus the HEI have value added as most of the services are now available on a 24-hour basis to users, even while off campus and far remote, a dream very difficult and near impossible in the days of full traditional IT services delivery.

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    Perceived impacts of Cloud Computing adoption on the role of an IT department of a higher institution in a developing country.
  • 30.
    Adegoke, Adekunle
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Computer Science.
    Osimosu, Emmanuel
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Computer Science.
    Service Availability in Cloud Computing: Threats and Best Practices2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Cloud computing provides access to on-demand computing resources and storage space, whereby applications and data are hosted with data centers managed by third parties, on a pay-per-use price model. This allows organizations to focus on core business goals instead of managing in-house IT infrastructure.                    

    However, as more business critical applications and data are moved to the cloud, service availability is becoming a growing concern. A number of recent cloud service disruptions have questioned the reliability of cloud environments to host business critical applications and data. The impact of these disruptions varies, but, in most cases, there are financial losses and damaged reputation among consumers.        

    This thesis aims to investigate the threats to service availability in cloud computing and to provide some best practices to mitigate some of these threats. As a result, we identified eight categories of threats. They include, in no particular order: power outage, hardware failure, cyber-attack, configuration error, software bug, human error, administrative or legal dispute and network dependency. A number of systematic mitigation techniques to ensure constant availability of service by cloud providers were identified. In addition, practices that can be applied by cloud customers and users of cloud services, to improve service availability were presented.

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  • 31.
    Adeojo, Adeyinka Lawrence
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.
    Innovative solutions for dementia care using ICT: A qualitative content analysis.2020Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Aims/Objectives: The objectives of this thesis were to examine and discuss the existing information and communication technology (ICT) tools used in the healthcare sector for older adults with dementia, the benefits and challenges of using these ICT tools from the perspective of older adults with dementia and their health care providers. Research methods: Data was collected using semi-structured interviews with older adults with dementia and health care providers and managers at a nursing home in Nigeria. All interviews were audio recorded with the consent of the research participants and then transcribed verbatim. All interview transcripts were analyzed using qualitative content analysis using the deductive approach. The coding scheme used for data analysis was derived from an existing framework called the Human-Organization-Technology fit (HOT) Framework. In addition, existing literature were reviewed on the use of ICT tools by older adults with dementia, their caregivers and their health care providers. Empirical findings: A total of six participants were interviewed for this study: two older adults with dementia, two nurses and two managers (one senior manager and one manager from the medical team). One older adult was 72 years old and was diagnosed with dementia one year ago. The other older adult was 70 years old and was diagnosed with dementia two years ago. The nurses that I interviewed have been working at this nursing home for 3 and 4 years respectively. The mangers that I interviewed have also been working at this nursing home for 3 and 4 years respectively. Two ICT tools are currently being used at this nursing home: 1) a GPS tracker and 2) a device that assists older adults with their daily activities. Eight themes emerged from the interviews: system quality, service quality, user satisfaction (perceived usefulness), system use, user expectation, organization structure, organization environment and net benefits. Conclusion and Future research: This study demonstrated that older adults with dementia and their caregivers (i.e. nurses) perceived the GPS tracker and the ADL assistant as userfriendly and helpful for supporting the daily activities. Most of the existing research on ICT tools used for dementia care have been conducted in North America and Europe. Therefore, there is a need for more research in Africa.

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    Innovative solutions for dementia care using ICT
  • 32.
    Adetoye, Oluwaseun Samuel
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.
    Unplanned Disruptions: The Perception of Campus Students to the 100% (Involuntary) Use of Information Technology for Academic Activities.2021Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In educational institutions, the use of technology has been used to compliment face to face learning or used alone to deliver the educational needs and learning process for distance education. Where used alone, it is said to be online learning and where it has complimented traditional learning it can be said to be hybrid or blended learning. Before the pandemic, the question of choice or the voluntary use of these technology was there, and the student determined what was best suited for their educational and learning needs. This study looks at the how the students related with technology during the pandemic. It looks at constructs like performance expectancy, fit for use, effort expectancy, fit for task and ends with investigating the student’s perception on intention for future use. Using a mixed approach, the perception of students was sampled. First by using a quantitative method, hinged on the novelty of the disruption to reveal areas that could be of potential interest and then a qualitative method followed. The purpose of using a mixed method approach was for completeness and complimentary reasons. The results of the qualitative data and quantitative data were bridged to form meta-inferences, and these were used to answer the research questions and discuss the findings.

    The study revealed that technology was easy to use without little or no technical issues, it was fit for the task at hand, it aided the students to achieve their academic goals and needs, but intention to retain the use of technology for future academic activities was not welcomed. This was due to social factors like lack of motivation, feeling of isolation, lack of social interaction been missing but available in traditional classes. these are critical factors that affect the retention of technology for future use. In the presence of choice, they would rather go back to the traditional mode. They integration of technology with traditional mode of learning, i.e., blended mode of learning was highly welcomed.

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    Degree project
  • 33.
    Adriansson, Eva
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Computer Science, Physics and Mathematics.
    Kommunal verksamhetsprocess efter införandet av en e-tjänst: Informationsflöde och informationshantering sett ur ett Lean-perspektiv2011Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Trots de svenska medborgarnas ökande krav på digital självservice via e-tjänster, går införande trögt hos kommunerna. En anledning är den relativt låga kunskap som finns i området. Främst vad gäller avancerade e-tjänster som förutom att öka medborgarnas tillgänglighet, insyn och delaktighet i sina offentliga ärenden, även ska minska den administrativa hanteringen för att istället låta mer av resurserna gå till kärnverksamheten. I den här kvalitativa fallstudien studerades hur en kommunal verksamhetsprocess utvecklas vid införandet av en e-tjänst. Hur slöseri kan identifieras i processen informationshantering och informationsflöde och hur dessa förändrats efter att e-tjänsten införts. Resultatet baserades på material från intervjuer och analyserades utifrån Leans kategorier av slöseri och teorin om Microsystem. Resultatet visade att slöseri som uppstår i informationshantering och informationsflöde mellan enheter eller microsystem kunde identifieras om alla microsystem kartlägger processen tillsammans. Mycket slöseri hade tagits bort i utvecklingsarbetet och lett till en smidigare och troligtvis mer effektiv process. Ett antagande men som även bekräftades av personalens upplevelser från testförsöken. Processutvecklingen tillsammans med e-tjänsten har säkerställt delar av processflödet där antalet informationsöverföringar blivit färre och på så sätt troligtvis även minskat risken för att missförstånd och felhantering ska uppstå av informationshanteringen.

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    fulltext
  • 34.
    Afyounian, Ebrahim
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.
    Information and Communication Technologies in Support of Remembering: A Postphenomenological Study2014Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis aimed to study the everyday use of ICT-enabled memory aids in order to understand and to describe the technological mediations that are brought by them (i.e. how they shape/mediate experiences and actions of their users). To do this, a post-phenomenological approach was appropriated. Postphenomenology is a modified, hybrid phenomenology that tries to overcome the limitations of phenomenology. As for theoretical framework, ‘Technological Mediation’ was adopted to conduct the study. Technological Mediation as a theory provides concepts suitable for explorations of the phenomenon of human-technology relation.

    It was believed that this specific choice of approach and theoretical framework would provide a new way of exploring the use of concrete technologies in everyday life of human beings and the implications that this use might have on humans’ lives. The study was conducted in the city of Växjö, Sweden. Data was collected by conducting twelve face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Collected data was, then, analyzed by applying the concepts within the theoretical framework – Technological Mediation - to them.

    The results of this study provided a list of ICT-enabled devices and services that participants were using in their everyday life in order to support their memory such as: calendars, alarms, notes, bookmarks, etc. Furthermore, this study resulted in a detailed description of how these devices and services shaped/mediated the experiences and the actions of their users. 

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    Information_and_Communication_Technologies_in_Support_of_Remembering
  • 35.
    Aganovic, Deni
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Computer Science, Physics and Mathematics.
    Åhrberg, Cecilia
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Computer Science, Physics and Mathematics.
    Att fånga en oskuld: En undersökning kring ungdomars intresse för ekonomisk information online2010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Att vid 18 års ålder tvingas ansvara för sina handlingar är för många ett stort steg, inte minst då en del av ansvaret är ekonomi. Ungdomarna vänder sig ofta till föräldrarna med frågor, men var ska de vända sig när föräldrarna inte har svaret? Bankerna har börjat söka sig lägre ner i åldrarna med sin marknadsföring för att fånga kunden innan denne blir myndig, men fortfarande är det många frågetecken kring informationen ungdomarna behöver.

    Uppdraget var att undersöka vad ungdomar behöver för information i en webbplats riktad mot ungdomar från banken. En undersökning genomfördes med en enkätundersökning med 100respondenter och tre olika fokusgrupper som genererade att ungdomarna känner att banker är alldeles för avlägsna. En minskad distans skulle medföra att ungdomarna lättare vänder sig till banken vid frågor kring sin ekonomi vilket i sin tur medför att deras intresse kring privatekonomiska frågor ökar.

    Designförslaget som presenteras fokuserar mycket på en funktion med textbaserad personlig service med co-browsingfunktioner som tillåter en bankman guida den unga kunden genom webbplatsen. Strävan är att ungdomarna ska känna en samhörighet till banken och lättare kan få alla typer av frågor besvarade då de var osäkra på vilken information de behöver. Om man inför en sådan tjänst bör användbarhetstest och utvärderingar på designförslaget genomföras för att kontrollera om distansen mellan bank och ungdom minskar.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 36.
    Aghaee, Saeed
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering.
    Random Stream Cipher2007Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Stream ciphers are counted as an important part of symmetric encryption method. Their basic idea comes from One-Time-Pad cipher using XOR operator on the plain text and the key to generate the cipher. The present work brings a new idea in symmetric encryption method, which inherits stream key generation idea from synchronous stream cipher and uses division instead of xoring. The Usage of division to combine the plain text with stream key gives numerous abilities to this method that the most important one is using random factors to produce the ciphers.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 37.
    Agiorgitis, Georgios
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.
    ICTs use in the public Greek Primary Schools: the teachers' experiences2017Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 80 credits / 120 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Education is a sector that has the potential to become a critical area of action for the full exploitation of ICT. Educational systems of developed and developing countries have an ever-increasing tendency to apply ICT to education, in an attempt to prepare their students for the future's society. This thesis attempted to explore what kind of ICT is used in the Greek Primary Schools and develop an understanding on the relationship between the ICT and the teachers. The philosophical background is post-phenomenology and the methods chosen for collecting data for this research are policy document analysis and interviews. The empirical findings show that various ICT are being used in the classrooms of the Greek Primary Schools,  others widely and others occasionally. The research compares the legal framework revolving around ICT in Primary Schools in Greece, with the teachers' own experiences and shows that the guidelines suggested by the Greek Ministry of Education cannot be followed easily, due to economical and pedagogical reasons. It also investigates the ICT's effects on the teachers and the students through the teachers' own words and perceptions. The effects are mostly positive, there are mentioned however, some negative ones to take into consideration. Finally, the research presents a number of sectors where the participant teachers suggested there is room for improvement. By comparing the legal framework with the situation in the Primary Schools, this research adds a new perspective to the previous literature. The findings show that the current situation can be improved and the teachers' statements may trigger further research.

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    Georgios Agiorgitis - Master Thesis
  • 38.
    Agiorgitis, Georgios
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.
    Bennani, Mohamed
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.
    Drakoularakos, Mixalis
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.
    McConnon, Paul John
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.
    Digital Wall: The University’s learning and information space2017Student paper other, 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    A North American university is engaged in a large transformation project involving the wholeorganisation. Students, Lecturers, departments and additional questions from the shared leadership team are engaging in defining the services offered, in particular from the university library and its associated sub-services. It is an exciting time for the University as it seeks to not only define its services but also how these can be created and consumed.There are many aspects to this re-organisation and many items to be addressed. In this report,we look at the current situation at the University, as well as taking into account the aspirations of the stakeholders. We start by drawing out a Rich Picture, part of Soft System Methodology (SSM) (Checkland, 1981) which we use in order to spot opportunities that are available for further exploration. Much of the information that we use comes from material supplied by the University itself as well as interviews with the Head of Library services and Head of Library IT. We look indepth at how SSM assists in this process of evaluation through its focus on participation and how it may assist us to understand the many different perspectives collected in our research. SSM consequently assists in defining problems with solutions to any areas that have drawn our attention. Following the evaluation of collected data, discussions and our own observations, we identify that a digital wall that is being proposed for the redesigned library presents an opportunity to explore possibilities for exploitation of this technology. Further research on other digital walls such as Brisbane’s Cube (Abdi et al, 2014), and Auraria Library’s Discovery Wall(Burch, 2016) shows some of the uses that these walls have been put to and how the Institutions use them. We then use a number of models to evaluate the data that we collected on digital walls and from the North American University and analyse it in order to inform our thinking. These models can be used independently or collectively to evaluate data from different perspectives. As such we were able to look at problems and solutions from the perspective of many of the actors involved in shaping the future library services. These models and results are discussed in the report. Finally, we take our results and make a number of proposals for the North American University digital wall along with the relevant justifications at the end of this report.

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    Digital Wall
  • 39.
    Agne, Arvid
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM).
    Provisioning, Configuration and Monitoring of Single-board Computer Clusters2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Single-board computers as hardware for container orchestration have been a growing subject. Previous studies have investigated their potential of running production-grade technologies in various environments where low-resource, cheap, and flexible clusters may be of use. This report investigates the appliance of methods and processes prevalent in cluster, container orchestration, and cloud-native environments. The motivation being that if single-board computers are able to run clusters to a satisfactory degree, they should also be able to fulfill the methods and processes which permeate the same cloud-native technologies. Investigation of the subject will be conducted through the creation of different criteria for each method and process. They will then act as an evaluation basis for an experiment in which a single-board computer cluster will be built, provisioned, configured, and monitored. As a summary, the investigation has been successful, instilling more confidence in single-board computer clusters and their ability to implement cluster related methodologies and processes.

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  • 40.
    Ahlander, Victoria
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.
    Jonas, Jensen
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.
    Utbildning vid systemimplementering: Väsentliga faktorer att ta hänsyn till2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Utbildning i samband med systemimplementering är enligt tidigare forskning ett viktigt men åsidosatt ämne som behöver studeras mer i detalj. Den här uppsatsen undersöker vilka faktorer som är väsentliga vid en utbildningssituation i samband med införandet av ett nytt system i en kommunal organisation. Studien belyser faktorer som uppkommit i insamlingen av empiri samt de faktorer som framkommit från tidigare forskning och teoretisk bakgrund. Idag finns det ingen standardiserad modell för hur en användarutbildning bör se ut. Således presenteras de viktigaste faktorerna som ger en indikation på hur en utbildning påverkar implementeringsresultat och hur en bra användarutbildning bör se ut.

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  • 41.
    Ahlberg, Tobias
    et al.
    University of Kalmar, School of Communication and Design.
    Södergren, Marcus
    University of Kalmar, School of Communication and Design.
    Voss, Martin
    University of Kalmar, School of Communication and Design.
    Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Terminal Services vs. Citrix XenApp2008Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Den här rapporten undersöker om gränsen mellan Terminal Services och Citrix XenApp har börjat suddas ut eller om man ännu kan dra en tydlig linje mellan dessa. Detta för att avgöra om organisationer som idag kör Windows Server 2003 med Citrix XenApp enbart klarar sig med de nya funktionerna i Windows Server 2008 Terminal Services och ändå uppfylla de krav och behov en organisation har. Arbetet genomfördes rent teoretiskt. För att avgöra likheter och skillnader mellan applikationerna, så användes till största delen ett ramverk. För att kunna få en bild av hur applikationerna tillämpas rent praktiskt, användes tidigare testar samt analyser. Resultatet visar att Terminal Services tagit ett större steg inom marknaden för applikationsvirtualisering. Slutsatsen antyder att Windows Server 2008 Terminal Services är lämplig för organisationer utan komplexa behov.

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  • 42.
    Ahlgren, Hannes
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering.
    Graph visualization with OpenGL2005Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Vizz3D is a 3D graphics code analysis tool, developed at Växjö University that optionally can use Java3D or OpenGL. However, initially Java3D was the only programming interface used. No other version was considered. Therefore the applications structure was built with the Java3D way of thought in mind. But code visualization with 3D graphics can be a demanding task for the computers processor and its graphics hardware and Java3D is known to be somewhat inefficient. So an OpenGL version was introduced.

    This thesis reflects on the work restructuring the application’s code to fit both versions within Vizz3D in a structured and object-oriented way. The thesis shows the efforts to be taken to make an existing ever evolving tool easily extendible to other API’s. Additional aspects of OpenGL specific implementations are discussed throughout the thesis.

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  • 43. Ahlgren, Per
    et al.
    Grönqvist, Leif
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering.
    Evaluation of retrieval effectiveness with incomplete relevance data: theoretical and experimental comparison of three measures2007In: International Journal of Information Processing & Management, Vol. In press, p. 14-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The main reason for this work is to find an appropriate way to include multi-word units in a latent semantic vector model. This would be of great use since these models normally are defined in terms of words, which makes it impossible to search for many types of multi-word units when the model is used in information retrieval tasks. The paper presents a Swedish evaluation set based on synonym tests and an evaluation of vector models trained with different corpora and parameter settings, including a rather naive way to add bi- and trigrams to the models. The best results in the evaluation is actually obtained with both bi- and trigrams added. Our hope is that the results in a forthcoming evaluation in the document retrieval context, which is an important application for these models, still will be at least as good with the bi- and trigrams are added, as without.

  • 44. Ahlgren, Per
    et al.
    Grönqvist, Leif
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering.
    Measuring retrieval effectiveness with incomplete relevance data2006In: Current Research in Information Sciences and Technologies: Multidisciplinary approaches to global information systems (InSciT2006 proceedings), Open Institute of Knowledge , 2006, p. 74-78Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 45. Ahlgren, Per
    et al.
    Grönqvist, Leif
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering.
    Retrieval evaluation with incomplete relevance data: A comparative study of three measures (poster abstract)2006In: Proceedings of the 15th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (CIKM), ACM Press, New York, NY, USA , 2006, p. 872-873Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 46.
    Ahlgren, Wilmer
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.
    Johansson, Henrik
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.
    Sociala interaktioner i video-slots: En kvalitativ studie om intresset för sociala interaktioner i video-slots och hur det kan utformas för att skapa en bra spelupplevelse samt om det kan bidra till en sundare spelstil2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study has been to investigate whether there is an interest in social interactions in video-slots and how that can be designed to give users a good user experience. Online casino is the form of gaming that has increased most in popularity in Sweden in recent years and the video-slots gametype are growing the most. Previous studies shows that there is a driving force to do things together and that strengthens and enriches experiences. Studies on social interactions in online games clearly shows that enjoyment is an important element for playing. The purpose is also to investigate if social interactions in video-slots can provide a healthier game for people who have gambling problems. 

    Video-slots is a hedonic motivation system (HMS) and is used to give the user pleasure and joy in a system. The theory on which the study is based on is HMSAM, which is an HMS specific model that has been used to create an understanding of perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, joy, control and curiosity, which can affect internal motivation. Internal motivation is needed for users to be able to deepen and continue to use an HMS-system.

    The study has a qualitative approach and qualitative semi-structured interviews have been used in the collection of empirical data. The focus has been on the users' experiences, their motivations, driving forces, control and desires regarding social interactions in the playing of video-slots.The questions in the interviews are based on HMSAM, but also on the basis of the Octalysis gamification framework. The results from the data collection were analyzed on the basis of the categories and patterns that were created. The analysis showed a great motivation to play video-slots online together and that it would enhance their gaming experience. Even though it had simplified their gaming sessions and higher community when the majority of the informants already played video-slots today together, but with their own constructed methods. The analysis also showed that the informants play primarily for the pleasure and excitement. Based on the data from the interviews, design proposals were made, in support of the gamification framework. The design proposals resulted in six graphical interface sketches with functions that were considered to create a good user experience.

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  • 47.
    Ahlin, Daniel
    et al.
    Växjö University.
    Jartelius, Martin
    Växjö University.
    Tingdahl, Johanna
    Växjö University.
    Proxyserver för passiv informationssökning2005Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In today’s society the average person is flooded by information from everywhere. This is in particular the case when using the Internet; consider for a moment the fact that a decent search engine at this moment scans 8 058 million homepages. For a user that repeatedly comes back to the same site, the case is often that they know what they are looking for. The problem is to isolate the important information from all the other information embedding it.

    We would like to state that we have found one possible solution to this problem, where the user himself can define what information he is looking for at a specific server, then scan the server when visiting it with his browser. The information is then saved and made easily accessible to the user, independent of what system he is using.

    Our solution is based on a proxy-server, through which the user makes his connections. The server is configurable as to what information to scan for and where, as well as in what format, the data should be saved. Our method with an independent proxyserver is not as efficient as including this support into a browser, but it is enough to give proof of the concept. For high-speed connections to a server on the same network as the user, it might be possible for a user to notice that it is slowing down the connection, but it’s a matter of fractions of a second, and surfing under normal conditions the user is very unlikely to be bothered by the proxy. The actual loss in performance is the time required to make a second TCP-connection for each call, as well as a slight loss of efficiency due to Java’s thread synchronization.

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  • 48.
    Ahlstrand, Marcus
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.
    Interaktion med en digital tjänst: En kvalitativ studie om hur god interaktion för en samhällstjänst kan utformas för medborgare2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In modern society, our interaction with services is continuous and offers opportunities for a richer everyday life. One example is that state agencies provide their services digitally to simplify and improve community services to citizens. At the same time, interaction with digital services poses a challenge for users. These challenges can be the reason why users of the Swedish Consumer Agency’s service Budgetkalkylen expressed opportunities for improvement. In this thesis, usefulness, usability and cognitive load is used to examine the interaction between users and the service Budgetkalkylen. This is to contribute with proposals for improvement concerning usefulness, usability and cognitive load. The theory describes how the cognitive load on our working memory affects the constituents of the usability of a system. Usability, which is important when interplay with a product is of concern, form together with utility the products usefulness. The usefulness of a system is the reason why a product is used to achieve goals. To investigate this, a study with a qualitative approach has been conducted containing interviews and user testing. The data collection was carried out with students who had no prior experience with the service. The result shows that parts of the interaction that constituted high cognitive load reduced the usability of the service. Splitting up the tasks and information in smaller steps, giving more clear instructions and adapting the instructional design to the users level of knowledge is considered to reduce the cognitive load. The utility was expressed as a means to create a holistic view of their finances. Some wanted more proactivity through being able to set up saving goals and some wanted to use it more reactively. Literature describing that cognitive load affects usability was supported by this study. The method of examining the cognitive load to find definices in the interaction was also supported. 

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    Interaktion med en digital tjänst
  • 49.
    Ahltorp, Magnus
    et al.
    Stockholm.
    Skeppstedt, Maria
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Computer Science. Gavagai, Stockholm.
    Kitajima, Shiho
    Hokkaido Univ, Japan.
    Henriksson, Aron
    Stockholm University.
    Rzepka, Rafal
    Hokkaido Univ, Japan.
    Araki, Kenji
    Hokkaido Univ, Japan.
    Expansion of medical vocabularies using distributional semantics on Japanese patient blogs2016In: Journal of Biomedical Semantics, E-ISSN 2041-1480, Vol. 7, article id 58Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Research on medical vocabulary expansion from large corpora has primarily been conducted using text written in English or similar languages, due to a limited availability of large biomedical corpora in most languages. Medical vocabularies are, however, essential also for text mining from corpora written in other languages than English and belonging to a variety of medical genres. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate medical vocabulary expansion using a corpus very different from those previously used, in terms of grammar and orthographics, as well as in terms of text genre. This was carried out by applying a method based on distributional semantics to the task of extracting medical vocabulary terms from a large corpus of Japanese patient blogs. Methods: Distributional properties of terms were modelled with random indexing, followed by agglomerative hierarchical clustering of 3x100 seed terms from existing vocabularies, belonging to three semantic categories: Medical Finding, Pharmaceutical Drug and Body Part. By automatically extracting unknown terms close to the centroids of the created clusters, candidates for new terms to include in the vocabulary were suggested. The method was evaluated for its ability to retrieve the remaining n terms in existing medical vocabularies. Results: Removing case particles and using a context window size of 1 + 1 was a successful strategy for Medical Finding and Pharmaceutical Drug, while retaining case particles and using a window size of 8 + 8 was better for Body Part. For a 10n long candidate list, the use of different cluster sizes affected the result for Pharmaceutical Drug, while the effect was only marginal for the other two categories. For a list of top n candidates for Body Part, however, clusters with a size of up to two terms were slightly more useful than larger clusters. For Pharmaceutical Drug, the best settings resulted in a recall of 25 % for a candidate list of top n terms and a recall of 68 % for top 10n. For a candidate list of top 10n candidates, the second best results were obtained for Medical Finding: a recall of 58 %, compared to 46 % for Body Part. Only taking the top n candidates into account, however, resulted in a recall of 23 % for Body Part, compared to 16 % for Medical Finding. Conclusions: Different settings for corpus pre-processing, window sizes and cluster sizes were suitable for different semantic categories and for different lengths of candidate lists, showing the need to adapt parameters, not only to the language and text genre used, but also to the semantic category for which the vocabulary is to be expanded. The results show, however, that the investigated choices for pre-processing and parameter settings were successful, and that a Japanese blog corpus, which in many ways differs from those used in previous studies, can be a useful resource for medical vocabulary expansion.

  • 50.
    Ahmad, Khurram
    et al.
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering.
    Azeem, Muhammad
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering.
    Gold Standard Website2009Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

     

    The aim of this thesis is to design a web base system which provides functionality of comparison between two java files on the basis of point-to information (P2I). User will upload Java files and analysis of Java files called point-to analysis (P2A). System will store the files in the file system for reference and download in later time. System will extract the information called P2I from P2A and it will store that information in the database.

    Database should be flexible to accommodate the changes in P2A file and system should be able to extract the P2I and store it in database with minimum support of system administrator.

     

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