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  • 1.
    Abarca-Guerrero, Lilliana
    et al.
    Univ Tecnol Eindhoven, Netherlands.
    Maas, Ger
    Univ Tecnol Eindhoven, Netherlands.
    Hogland, William
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Desafíos en la gestión de residuos sólidos para las ciudades de países en desarrollo [Solid waste management challenges for cities in developing countries]2015Inngår i: Tecnología en Marcha, ISSN 0379-3982, Vol. 28, nr 2, s. 141-168Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Solid waste management is a challenge for the cities' authorities in developing countries mainly due to the increasing generation of waste, the burden posed on the municipal budget as a result of the high costs associated to its management, the lack of understanding over a diversity of factors that affect the different stages of waste management and linkages necessary to enable the entire handling system functioning. An analysis of literature on the work done and reported mainly in publications from 2005 to 2011, related to waste management in developing countries, showed that few articles give quantitative information. The analysis was conducted in two of the major scientific journals, Waste Management Journal and Waste Management and Research. The objective of this research was to determine the stakeholders' action/behavior that have a role in the waste management process and to analyze influential factors on the system, in more than thirty urban areas in 22 developing countries in 4 continents. A combination of methods was used in this study in order to assess the stakeholders and the factors influencing the performance of waste management in the cities. Data was collected from scientific literature, existing data bases, observations made during visits to urban areas, structured interviews with relevant professionals, exercises provided to participants in workshops and a questionnaire applied to stakeholders. Descriptive and inferential statistic methods were used to draw conclusions. The outcomes of the research are a comprehensive list of stakeholders that are relevant in the waste management systems and a set of factors that reveal the most important causes for the systems' failure. The information provided is very useful when planning, changing or implementing waste management systems in cities.

  • 2.
    Aboubi, Fadoua
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakultetsnämnden för naturvetenskap och teknik, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, NV.
    A cost effective and environmentally friendly stormwater treatment method: The use of wood fly ash and H2O22011Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    This current study is a lab-scale investigation focused on the treatment of stormwater runoff generated in wood-storage areas. The main target constituents of the proposed treatment were: metals (Cu, Cd, Co, V, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cr, Fe, As), COD, TOC, Phenols, and color. The method implemented for this project follows the main concept of using low-cost and environmentally friendly technologies and had as main steps the use of a by-product of wood-based industries - wood fly ashes as sorbents - followed by oxidation with H2O2 (Hydrogen Peroxide). The results obtained during this investigation were vey promising since satisfactory removal % was achieved. Removal rates of 98.5%, 86%, 89.6%, 79.6% were achieved for color, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC) and phenols respectively. Furthermore a decrease in metals concentrations was also observed with the exception of chromium. The study showed that for 300 ml storm water, optimum conditions were with 7g wood fly ash, 5 hours time reaction, pH≈11.46 and 150 μl of a 30% H2O2 solution in a room temperature. To conclude it can be stated that the use of a by-product from wood industry to treat contaminated water from the same sector, following the concept of a closed-loop system, is promising and possible. However further studies need to be conducted in order to evaluate such system in scaled-up conditions.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 3.
    Aguilera, Anabella
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Alegria Zufia, Javier
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Bas Conn, Laura
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Gurlit, Leandra
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Śliwińska‐Wilczewska, Sylwia
    Mount Allison University, Canada;University of Gdansk, Poland.
    Budzałek, Gracjana
    University of Gdansk, Poland.
    Lundin, Daniel
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Pinhassi, Jarone
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Legrand, Catherine
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM). Halmstad University, Sweden.
    Farnelid, Hanna
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Ecophysiological analysis reveals distinct environmental preferences in closely related Baltic Sea picocyanobacteria2023Inngår i: Environmental Microbiology, ISSN 1462-2912, E-ISSN 1462-2920, Vol. 25, nr 9, s. 1674-1695Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Cluster 5 picocyanobacteria significantly contribute to primary productivity in aquatic ecosystems. Estuarine populations are highly diverse and consist of many co-occurring strains, but their physiology remains largely understudied. In this study, we characterized 17 novel estuarine picocyanobacterial strains. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA and pigment genes (cpcBandcpeBA) uncovered multiple estuarine and freshwater-related clusters and pigment types. Assays with five representative strains (three phycocyanin rich and two phycoerythrin rich) under temperature (10–30°C), light(10–190 μmol  photons  m-2s-1), and salinity (2–14  PSU) gradients revealed distinct growth optima and tolerance, indicating that genetic variability was accompanied by physiological diversity. Adaptability to environmental conditions was associated with differential pigment content and photosynthetic performance. Amplicon sequence variants at a coastal and an offshore station linked population dynamics with phylogenetic clusters, supporting that strains isolated in this study represent key ecotypes within the Baltic Sea picocyanobacterial community. The functional diversity found within strains with the same pigment type suggests that understanding estuarine picocyanobacterial ecology requires analysis beyond the phycocyanin and phycoerythrin divide. This new knowledge of the environmental preferences in estuarine picocyanobacteria is important for understanding and evaluating productivity in current and future ecosystems.

  • 4.
    Ahlberg, Marcus
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Ökad förekomst av torrstressade granar2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [sv]

    I svenska granrika skogsbestånd har andelen granbarkborreangrepp ökatunder åren. Skadedrabbat virke har lett till stora ekonomiska förluster förskogsägare. Medialt sett har antropogena klimatförändringar fått ett stortutrymme som den primära boven. Detta förknippas initialt med stormenGudrun som svepte över södra Sverige år 2005 där en ovanligt stor andelgranarskog föll för vindens krafter och blev måltavla för olika skadeinsekter.På senare år är det istället de långa varma somrarna som varit på agendan.Vilka faktorer är det primärt som ligger till grund för att fler granar blirtorrstressade och drar åt sig granbarkborrar? Är det på grund av att det odlasgran i monokultur eller har det att göra med att granen kan tillgodose sig förlite vatten? I detta arbete undersöks vilka faktorer som primärt ligger tillgrund för andelen torrstressade granar. Genom en fältinsamling samtkompletterande dokument med information om skogsodlingar har det samlatsin data om andelen torrstressade granar, markegenskaper: tillgång till rörligtmarkvatten eller ej samt andelen gran i procent för varje skogsplantering.Avsaknaden av rörligt markvatten det vill säga att skogsområdet är flacktvisar sig bidra till fler torrstressade granar. Granrika bestånd visar sig ocksåbidra till att andelen torrstressade granar blir högre, vilket i sin tur utgör enstörre risk för angrepp. Precis som tidigare studier visar sig odlingar medgran som odlas i monokultur ha en sämre motståndskrafts motgranbarkborreangrepp. Resultatet pekar alltså på att man bör odla mindregran i monokultur samt tillämpa ståndortsanpassning i sluttande markpartierför att ge granens marknära rötter bättre möjlighet att tillgodose sig marknäravatten. 

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 5.
    Ahmed, Samar
    et al.
    Heimstaden AB, Sweden.
    Truong, Nguyen Le
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för teknik (FTK), Institutionen för byggd miljö och energiteknik (BET).
    Analysis of future carbon-neutral energy system: The case of Växjö Municipality, Sweden2022Inngår i: Smart Energy, ISSN 2666-9552, Vol. 7, artikkel-id 100082Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In line with the Swedish target of carbon neutrality by 2045, the municipality of Växjö in Kronoberg County has set its own target to be carbon neutral in 2030. Currently, the Municipality's partially decentralized energy system relies heavily on interconnected electricity supply from the national grid, and fuels imports from other parts of Sweden. Under this circumstance, several concerns arise, including: in which ways future demand changes induce supply changes, and whether a future carbon-neutral energy system will be less costly in a sustained-electricity supply condition. In this study, techno-economic evaluations are conducted for different carbon-neutral scenarios for Växjö’s future energy system in 2030 and 2050, using an hour-by-hour dynamic energy simulation tool of EnergyPLAN. Projections for the future energy demands for Växjö were developed and modeled, based on the development strategies and on the national sustainable future scenarios in Sweden. Results for the Växjö’s carbon-neutral scenarios showed that the current energy system is sufficient to satisfy future heat demand. However, fulfilling demands of electricity for all sectors and fuels for transport and industry is a challenge. In the short term and at increased energy demand and price, being carbon neutral is technically viable without major changes in energy supply technologies. However, in the long term, investment for intermittent renewable energy resources, together with carbon capture and storage is considered to be viable financially. Therefore, planning for a carbon-neutral Växjö based on local investments showed to be a feasible strategy.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 6.
    Akhshik, Arash
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Ekonomihögskolan (FEH), Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO). Jagiellonian Univ, Poland.
    Tusznio, A.
    Jagiellonian Univ, Poland.
    Strzelecka, Marianna
    Linnéuniversitetet, Ekonomihögskolan (FEH), Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE). Jagiellonian Univ, Poland.
    Equifinal paths to megafauna conservation through memorable wildlife tourism experiences: evidence from the restitution of the European bison (Bison bonasus) in Poland2023Inngår i: Current Issues in Tourism, ISSN 1368-3500, E-ISSN 1747-7603, Vol. 26, nr 18, s. 3064-3084Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Despite a vast literature conceptualizing a memorable tourism experience, empirical studies overlook the context in which those experiences are produced and compiled into actions that benefit the environment. Accordingly, we need to better understand to what extent the experience of megafauna enclosures strengthens visitors' overall support for wildlife protection. To close this knowledge gap, we study memorable tourism experiences in the Bison enclosures within Poland to better understand the significance of the environmental context in which the experience induces support for protecting the species. To this end, the study employs both symmetric and asymmetric models to uncover the complexity of individual behavioural paths. The PLS-SEM results confirm the role of memorable experiences in the relationship between attitudinal and behavioural outcomes. In a complimentary manner, the fsQCA results reveal how environmental planners can analyze complex constellations of internal and external factors to elucidate the conditions that generate visitor support for wildlife protection.

  • 7.
    Alakangas, Linda J.
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM). SKB, Äspo Hard Rock Lab, Oskarshamn.
    Mathurin, Frédéric A.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Faarinen, Mikko
    ALS Scandinavia AB Luleå.
    Wallin, Bill
    Geokema AB, Lidingö.
    Åström, Mats E.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Sampling and Characterizing Rare Earth Elements in Groundwater in Deep-Lying Fractures in Granitoids Under In Situ High-Pressure and Low-Redox Conditions2014Inngår i: Aquatic geochemistry, ISSN 1380-6165, E-ISSN 1573-1421, Vol. 20, nr 4, s. 405-418Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Several countries are preparing to dispose of radioactive nuclear waste deep underground in crystalline rock. This type of bedrock is commonly extensively fractured and consequently carries groundwater that serves as a medium for transporting metals and radionuclides. A group of metals of particular interest in this context is the rare earth elements (REEs), because they are analogues of actinides contained within radioactive waste and are tracers of hydrological pathways and geochemical processes. Concentrations of REEs are commonly low in these groundwaters, leading to values below detection limits of standard monitoring methods, particularly for the heavy REEs. We present a new technical set-up for monitoring REEs (and other trace metals) in groundwater in fractured crystalline rock. The technique consists of passing the fracture groundwater, commonly under high pressure and containing reduced chemical species, through a device that maintains the physicochemical character of the groundwater. Within the device, diffusive gradient in thin-film (DGT) discs are installed in triplicate. With this set-up, we studied REEs in groundwater in fractures at depths of approximately -144, -280, and -450 m in granitoids in the A"spo Hard Rock Laboratory in southern Sweden. The entire REE suite was detected (concentrations down to 0.1 ng L-1) and was differently fractionated among the groundwaters. The shallowest groundwater, composed of dilute modern Baltic Sea water, was enriched in the heavy REEs, whereas the deeper groundwaters, dominated by old saline water, were depleted in the heavy REEs. Deployment periods varying from 1 to 4 weeks delivered similar REE concentrations, indicating stability and reproducibility of the experimental set-up. The study finds that 1 week of deployment may be enough. However, if the overall setting and construction allow for longer deployment times, 2-3 weeks will be optimal in terms of reaching reliable REE concentrations well above the detection limit while maintaining the performance of the DGT samplers.

  • 8.
    Alriksson, Stina
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Attitudes towards the transition from traditional product design to ecodesign2015Inngår i: Risk, Uncertainty and Transition, 2015Konferansepaper (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    Many efforts have been made to increase the use of ecodesign in product design projects. Still, ecodesign methods are not applied as often as wanted from sustainability perspectives. New methods and procedures are often considered a risk by the individuals that are meant to use and implement the new methods.  Organisational complexity, lack of cooperation, lack of tools, lack of internal communication and lack of management commitment are documented barriers to the use of ecodesign and explain some of the reasons why ecodesign is not used as widely as expected. The perception of the employees and the behavioural barriers they perceive are less studied and there is a need to correlate the perception of the individual to the identified barriers.

    This study aimed to identify what factors that inhibited the ecodesign behaviour of the employees by applying the theory of planned behaviour.  Nine persons involved in the design process from two companies were included in the study. Q-methodology combined with semi-structured interviews was applied. The statements in the Q-sort were constructed from the theory of planned behaviour so that intention, personal norm, attitude, habits, subjective norm and perceived control each had a set of statements.

    The results showed that the participants were positive in their attitude towards ecodesign. They also had strong personal norms and showed intention to use ecodesign in their work. On the lower side, former habits were not a strong driving force; neither was subjective norm or perceived control. The results indicate that the employees were positive and intended to use ecodesign while they did not find the management commitment and current ecodesign tools and procedures sufficient.

    Four discourses were identified; those who were positive towards ecodesign but not inclined to change their current behaviour, those who felt pressure from others to perform ecodesign, those who wanted to take small steps by starting to change internal procedures before talking to the customer and finally those who did not believe there was any chance of success with ecodesign.

  • 9.
    Alriksson, Stina
    Högskolan i Kalmar, Naturvetenskapliga institutionen.
    Conjoint analysis as a decision tool2009Inngår i:   From the everyday to the extraordinary: challenges for risk analysis and management, Karlstad, 2009Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 10.
    Alriksson, Stina
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Environmental preferences among steel stakeholders2013Doktoravhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    Emissions of carbon dioxide, dioxins, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter as well as use of non-renewable resources and energy are some important sustainability challenges for the Swedish steel industry. Much effort has been made, mainly by technical solutions, which to a high degree have decreased the emissions during the last 30 years.

    Technical solutions however will not be sufficient to reach sustainable development, stakeholder involvement is also necessary. Stakeholder theory states that stake­holder involvement must include a dialog between the stakeholders involved and the operation. The first step in this process is to identify which key issues the stakeholders find most important and then the organisation needs to start interact with its stakeholders. This thesis deals with such issues.

    Stakeholder preferences for environmental issues were assessed with conjoint analysis, Q-methodology and focus group discussions. The theory of planned behaviour was used to assess how attitudes were connected to background factors and a potential pro-environmental behaviour.

    Five studies have been carried out in the framework of this thesis. The studies include: a literature review, method evaluation, evaluation of environ­mental objectives in stakeholder groups, screening of relevant factors, evaluation of steel environmental characteristics, identification of barriers to the introduction of new materials and the im­pact of worry and risk perception on strategic environmental decisions.

    It can be concluded that the methods applied in the studies work well in eliciting preferences. It has been possible to show how different stakeholder groups as well as individuals prioritise environmental objectives and sustaina­bility issues. Since individuals within a stakeholder group vary considerably in preferences, the results from this thesis show the importance of illustrating results on an individual level instead of the traditional group level. Also, a method has been tested where the results were brought back to the respondents in order to stimulate discussions between different stakeholder groups.

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  • 11.
    Alriksson, Stina
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Methods to measure stakeholder preferences2015Konferansepaper (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 12.
    Alriksson, Stina
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakultetsnämnden för naturvetenskap och teknik, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, NV.
    The Influence of Training on Preferences2010Inngår i: 7th International Conference on Natural Sciences andTechnologies for Waste and Wastewater Treatment,Remediation, Emissions Related to Climate, Environmentaland Economic Effects / [ed] Kaczala F et.al., Kalmar: Linnéuniversitetet , 2010, s. 676-683Konferansepaper (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    Any organisation or company that want to bring about a change in the process, procedures or internal organisation encounters the issue of training the staff. Training is commonly used to increase dedication in specific issues for example environmental issues, energy saving or enhancing the overall competence of the staff.

    When working with environmental- or energy issues, the attitude of the employees is often considered one of the most important factors for the outcome.

    In this paper two different studies are compared. In both studies training has been included as a background factor in a conjoint analysis study.

    The first study concerns preferences for new materials, in this case advanced high strength steel. The respondents were asked to rank eight alternative steel containers and the results, (preferences) were compared to any previous training the individual respondent had.

    The same procedure was taken in study number two where employees at a paper & pulp industry was asked to rank eight alternative processes with different environmental impacts. Also here the respondents were asked to state any previous training and the preferences was compared to previous training. 

    It has not been possible to show any significant connection between preferences in a specific issue and training in the same area. However, it would be interesting to use the method to measure the effect of training on preferences before and after a specific training session.

  • 13.
    Alriksson, Stina
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Filipsson, Monika
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Risk perception and worry in environmental decision-making - a case study within the Swedish steel industry2017Inngår i: Journal of Risk Research, ISSN 1366-9877, E-ISSN 1466-4461, Vol. 20, nr 9, s. 1173-1194Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Sustainable development is an important issue for the industry in order to fulfil legislation requirements and to be able to use green marketing as a competitive advantage. The Swedish steel industry has implemented a large number of environmental improvements, for example, within energy efficiency, raw materials and recyclability. Technical improvements can help the industry decrease its environmental impact; however, in order to reach sustainable development, more factors need to be considered: an effective environmental decision-making process, for example. This process may be influenced by personal factors such as risk perception and worry, which are factors that will not contribute to an effective decision-making process. The aim of this study was to investigate if personal worry and risk perception influenced environmental decision-making within the Swedish steel industry. Thirty-eight interviews were performed at 10 Swedish steelworks using the Q-methodology. The major perceived environmental risks with the facility and personal worry were assessed, compared to the day-to-day work. It was concluded that the major perceived risks were emissions of carbon dioxide, use of non-renewable energy and emissions of particulate matter. The decision-makers were mainly worried about emissions of carbon dioxide, emissions of dioxin and use of non-renewable energy. The environmental issues that were prioritised in practice (day-to-day work) were emissions of carbon dioxide, emissions of particulate matter and emissions of metals. Even though emissions of carbon dioxide were given the highest priority in the Q-sorts, there was in general no clear relationship between risk perception and personal worry with the prioritised environmental issues at the steelworks. The quantitative analysis of the Q-sorts and the qualitative interviews both showed that the day-to-day work was unaffected by personal worry and risk.

  • 14.
    Alriksson, Stina
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Grip, Carl-Erik
    Luleå Tekniska Universitet.
    Steel industry environmental objectives:stakeholder preference assessment usingconjoint analysis2013Inngår i: Ironmaking & steelmaking, ISSN 0301-9233, E-ISSN 1743-2812, Vol. 40, nr 8, s. 605-612Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The Swedish steel industry has combined traditional methods such as life cycle analysis with less traditional methods such as preference analysis in order to move towards a closed steel eco cycle. The paper describes the use of conjoint analysis to study preferences of six different stakeholder groups regarding four environmental objectives (reduction in carbon dioxide emissions, reduced use of non-renewable resources, reduced use of non-renewable energy and weight reduction in products) and to identify gaps in preferences between the stakeholder groups. Our results suggested that there was a difference in preference between the stakeholder groups: respondents that were closer to the steel industry favoured all four environmental objectives, while members of public and political decision makers preferred a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions. One of the conclusions of our study is that there is a need of improved information to clients and public on the environmental benefits of product weight reduction.

  • 15.
    Alriksson, Stina
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakultetsnämnden för naturvetenskap och teknik, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, NV.
    Grip, Carl-Erik
    Luleå Tekniska Universitet.
    Studies of preferences as an extra dimension in system studies2011Inngår i: World Renewable Energy Congress – Sweden, 8–13 May, 2011Linköping, Sweden: Volume 7, Industrial Energy Efficiency / [ed] Bahram Moshfegh, Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2011, s. 1732-1739Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Industrial energy systems are complicated networks where changes in one process influence itsneighboring processes. The network complexity increases if production/use of bio fuel is introduced in anexisting system. Process integration can be a useful tool to study such systems and thus avoid sub optimization.However, changes in an industrial complex do not only influence the technical values of energy and materialefficiency. The social impact is also important and sometimes is comparable to that of technical factors.A process integration project has recently been carried out for a paper mill in northern Sweden with a side viewon future expansion with a bio refinery. An activity to study the social impacts were included through a Conjointanalysis, a stated preference method that combines statistics and interviewing technique.The results indicate that the participants are divided in four groups, the largest group focusing on a change in theprocess towards a bio refinery, the second largest focusing on the local environment. The third and fourth groupboth look at the local forestry, one group wanting to increase local forest production, and one rejecting anincrease.

  • 16.
    Alriksson, Stina
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakultetsnämnden för naturvetenskap och teknik, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, NV.
    Henningsson, Marianne
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakultetsnämnden för hälsa, socialt arbete och beteendevetenskap, Institutionen för pedagogik, psykologi och idrottsvetenskap, PPI.
    Miljöpreferenser och intressentanalyser ur ett miljöperspektiv2012Bok (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [sv]

    Handbok som beskriver olika metoder för att ta reda på och analysera vilken inställning människor har till miljön.

    En viktig knut att lösa för att kunna nå hållbar utveckling är varför människor beter sig på ett sätt trots att de egentligen vet att de borde bete sig på ett annat sätt. Människors beteende när det gäller miljöfrågor beror på många bakomliggande faktorer och för att nå den hållbara utvecklingen måste vi ge människor möjlighet att bli bekväma med beteenden som är bra för miljön. En viktig pusselbit för att nå dit är att veta hur individer och grupper ställer sig till olika strategiska miljöfrågor. Sådan kunskap kan användas för att anpassa informationskampanjer, skräddarsy utbildningspaket eller undanröja faktorer som riskerar att omintetgöra miljöarbetet.

    Metoderna som beskrivs i den här handboken kan användas inom många fler områden än miljö, t.ex. inom marknadsföring eller för att identifiera kunskaps- eller informationsluckor bland den egna personalen eller för att undersöka attityder och synsätt hos olika intressentgrupper.

    Handboken är framtagen inom forskningsprogrammet Stålkretsloppet och utgiven av Linnéuniversitetet i Kalmar med stöd från Jernkontoret och Mistra.

  • 17.
    Alriksson, Stina
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Henningsson, Marianne
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för psykologi (PSY).
    Why Aren't Advanced High–Strength Steels More Widely Used?: Stakeholder Preferences and Perceived Barriers to New Materials2015Inngår i: Journal of Industrial Ecology, ISSN 1088-1980, E-ISSN 1530-9290, Vol. 19, nr 4, s. 645-655Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Advanced high-strength steels may reduce the use of nonrenewable resources and energy given that the amount of material needed is smaller, compared to traditional steel grades. Still, advanced steel grades are not utilized to the extent that could be expected. This study examines stakeholders’ preferences of steel characteristics and perceived barriers to the introduction of new materials. Focus group interviews were used to identify steel characteristics and perceived barriers. Stakeholder preferences of steel characteristics were evaluated through a conjoint analysis; the results showed that low weight was given the highest priority, followed by high impact strength and low price. Low chromium content was the steel characteristic of least interest. Perceived barriers to the introduction of high-strength steel were categorized as technical barriers, knowledge barriers, scrap management barriers, suitability barriers, and cost barriers.

  • 18.
    Alriksson, Stina
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Sahlin, Ullrika
    Lunds Universitet.
    Illustrating individual preferences from conjiont analysis studies with multivariate methodsManuskript (preprint) (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 19.
    Alriksson, Stina
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Voxberg, Elin
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Karlsson, Helen
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Ljunggren, Stefan
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Augustsson, Anna
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM). Linnéuniversitetet, Kunskapsmiljöer Linné, Hållbar hälsa.
    Temporal risk assessment – 20th century Pb emissions to air and exposure via inhalation in the Swedish glass district2023Inngår i: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 858, nr 1, artikkel-id 159843Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The objective of the present study was to assess historical emissions of Pb to air around a number of glassworks sites in southeastern Sweden, and the possible implications for human exposure. To do so, a four-step method was applied. First, emissions of Pb to air around 10 glassworks were modelled for the 20th century. Second, an assessment of the resulting exposure was made for a number of scenarios. Third, the number of people potentially exposed at different times was estimated, and fourth, measurements of “current” Pb concentrations in PM10 material from four sites were conducted in 2019. The results show that the highest emissions, and exposures, occurred from 1970 to1980. It coincides with the time period when the highest number of people resided in the villages. At this time, the average Pb concentration in air around the six largest factories was about 2.4 μg Pb/m3, i.e. 16 times the present US national ambient air quality standard (NAAQS) of 0.15 μg Pb/m3. By year 2000 the modelled average concentration had dropped to 0.05 μg Pb/m3, a level that is normal for urban regions today. The PM10 measurements from 2019 indicate a further decline, now with a mean value of about 0.02 μg Pb/m3. Over the entire study period, inhalation hazard quotients (HQs) exceeded the dietary HQ by many orders of magnitude, indicating that inhalation has been the most prevalent exposure pathway in the past. At present, both pathways are judged to be associated with low exposures. Even if only roughly approximated, a picture of the historical exposure can increase our understanding of the connection between exposure and disease, and can be valuable when risks are to be communicated to residents near contaminated areas.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 20.
    Alriksson, Stina
    et al.
    Högskolan i Kalmar, Naturvetenskapliga institutionen.
    Öberg, Tomas
    Högskolan i Kalmar, Naturvetenskapliga institutionen.
    Conjoint analysis for environmental evaluation: a review of methods and applications.2008Inngår i: Environmental Science and Pollution Research, ISSN 0944-1344, E-ISSN 1614-7499, Vol. 15, nr 3, s. 244-257Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND, AIM AND SCOPE: Conjoint analysis and the related choice-modelling methods have been used for many years in marketing research to evaluate consumer behaviour and preferences for different kinds of product attributes. Recently, the number of applications in environmental science and management has started to grow. Conjoint analysis is found in many different forms, and the environmental studies evaluated in this review display the same range of methods as in other fields. The key characteristic of all these methods is that trade-offs are evaluated by jointly considering a number of important attributes. MAIN FEATURES: This paper is a review of the literature on environmental applications of conjoint analysis and assesses in which environmental area conjoint analysis has been most successful. The method and the design of the studies are reviewed as well. RESULTS: A total of 84 studies were found, dealing with environmental issues that were evaluated by conjoint analysis. The studies concern agriculture, ecosystem management, energy, environmental evaluation, forestry, land management, pollution, products, recreation, environmental risk analysis and waste management. DISCUSSION: Choice experiments seem to have a comparatively stronger position in environmental studies than elsewhere. Most of the environmental applications are related to natural resource management. This is somewhat surprising, but a number of reports have appeared also on product evaluation, which could be a key application area in the future. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to marketing and transportation, the number of environmental conjoint studies is rather small but increasing, and the method has proven to work effectively in eliciting preferences on environmental issues. In environmental issues, experimenters often use choice experiments, especially concerning ecosystem management and environmental evaluations. When it comes to evaluating preferences concerning agriculture, forestry, energy and products, a more traditional approach of conjoint analysis is favoured. RECOMMENDATIONS AND PERSPECTIVES: Two new areas of application are identified in this review--environmental communication and expert elicitation. Conjoint analysis can thus be developed into a useful instrument for environmental risk analysis and communication, both of which are necessary for an efficient approach to risk governance.

  • 21.
    Alriksson, Stina
    et al.
    Högskolan i Kalmar, Naturvetenskapliga institutionen.
    Öberg, Tomas
    Högskolan i Kalmar, Naturvetenskapliga institutionen.
    Towards a closed steel eco-cycle - cojoint analysis as a decision tool2005Inngår i: Proceedings Kalmar ECO-TECH´ 05: Conference on Waste to Energy Bioremediation and Leachate Treatment / [ed] William Hogland, Tonje Broby, Kalmar: Högskolan i Kalmar , 2005, s. 27-36Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The Swedish steel industry has over the past 20 years made substantial efforts to promote energy efficiency and environment protection. However, the dominant part of these investments has been directed to the individual production sites, most of which today have 'solved' their own acute environmental problems. The focus has therefore switched to the properties and performance of the steel products where the evaluation of environ­mental performance is a complex task that often requires simultaneous consideration of many different attributes.

     

    Conjoint analysis is commonly used in marketing research, to evaluate how consumers appreciate specific attributes in products. It has also been widely used in health care, traffic planning and quality management. Conjoint analysis has also been applied to environmental issues such as energy, recreation, environmental valuation, ecosystem management, consumer preferences to products, public preferences to industrial projects, waste management, and environmental policy development. This previous research has shown that the method is well suited for evaluating environmental issues.

     

    Here we briefly present the methodology and review some papers on environmental applications. It is our intention to use this approach as a tool to integrate environmental considerations into both process and product development within the steel industry.

     

  • 22.
    Alwan, Heba
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Understanding the potential future capacity of distributing green steel solutions - current knowledge and future challenges2023Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    Transitioning from the conventional steel process to a direct hydrogen reduction process in the steel industry is a significant step towards reducing carbon dioxide emissions and achieving greater sustainability. The process involves using hydrogen gas as a reducing agent instead of carbon to remove oxygen from the iron ore. This study aimed to investigate the future capacity of the hydrogen-based steelmaking process in Sweden by 2050 while also examining the pathway for transitioning to hydrogen-based steelmaking in other European countries in comparison to the Swedish case. To achieve this goal, a systematic literature search was conducted using Scopus and Web of Science databases to identify relevant case studies and reviews that focused on green steel solutions and that discussed associated challenges and barriers. A aconsupteal model was designed by simplifying the process into three production steps, hydrogen storage, and hot briquette iron storage to calculate the energy consumption and material requirements for the hydrogen direct process in Sweden. Additionally, a survey providing insights regarding current practices and perspectives was administered to seven companies in Sweden and two in other European countries, namely the Netherlands and Germany. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of the literature review on life cycle assessment was conducted to compare the carbon emissions associated with two different steel production processes: the conventional process using the basic oxygen furnace and the emerging hydrogen-based steel production process. 

    An analysis of the energy consumption within the hydrogen-based steelmaking process reveals several components, including the electrolyze, direct reduction shaft furnace, electric arc furnace, and briquetted iron and hydrogen storage. The model results showed that electrolyzing alone accounts for 60% of the energy needed in the process. The model showed that hydrogen direct reduction steelmaking needs 3.66 MWH of electricity per ton of liquid steel produced in Sweden.  Only a few of the Swedish companies have adopted innovative approaches while the remaining steel mills primarily rely on scrap-based methods. While they may obtain hydrogen-reduced iron as a raw material in the future, emissions reduction is not their primary focus. These mills contribute to emissions through fuel usage, and efforts are underway to transition from fossil fuels to electricity, bio -based gas, or hydrogen. Hydrogen-based steel production produces significantly lower greenhouse gas emissions than conventional steel productio, by up to 90 percent, depending on the specific process and energy used, as stated in the life cycle analysis reviews. 

    This thesis shows key factors for the success of hydrogen-based steel production methods; low -emission electricity and flexibility to store hydrogen. All three countries have expressed interest in and invested in hydrogen-based steelmaking. the share of renewable energy produced and consumed in hydrogen-based steel production in Sweden is expected to make up a share of 2.3% of the total renewable energy production in the country, while Germany and the Netherlands are projected to contribute a modest 1.5% and 1.3% respectively. However, the search for ways to lower carbon dioxide emissions is costly in terms of the amount of electricity required. There are practical reasons for the restricted usage of this steelmaking process in Europe, including the availability of steel scrap, electricity demand, and the low likelihood of scrap generation and recycling scrap availability on the EU  market. Because of this, it is challenging to predict capacity and carbon dioxide reduction by 2050. 

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 23.
    Ambashta, Ritu D.
    et al.
    Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, India.
    Bhatnagar, Amit
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Sillanpää, Mika E. T.
    Lappeenranta Univ Technol, Finland.
    Supported iron-based catalysts under influence of static magnetic field for the removal of TBP and EDTA2015Inngår i: Desalination and Water Treatment, ISSN 1944-3994, E-ISSN 1944-3986, Vol. 54, nr 10, s. 2700-2709Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Zerovalent metals offer decontamination of organic toxins in aqueous medium. In the present study, alumina-based iron and iron-nickel in the presence and the absence of magnetic field for the decontamination of tributyl phosphate (TBP) and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) has been compared. TBP decontamination was improved in the presence of zerovalent metals. EDTA decontamination was not enhanced in the presence of zerovalent metals. The decontamination of TBP using iron-based alumina was higher than iron-nickel. The surface interaction on alumina surface, as characterized by attentuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the surface interaction on metallic elements, as characterized by evaluating the magnetic moment values helped to understand the reason for the difference in role of alumina-based iron and iron-nickel on decontamination of TBP and EDTA.

  • 24.
    Amneklev, Jennie
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Diffuse emissions from goods: influences on some societal end products2015Doktoravhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    End products of society (e.g. sewage sludge and incineration ashes) can be used as indicators of the use of chemicals in consumer goods. Through upstream work the sources of substances released from goods may be identified before the emissions reach the end products.

    This thesis is a result of five studies, of which four were conducted using substance flow analyses (SFA) for silver (Ag), bismuth (Bi) and copper (Cu) reaching sewage sludge. The fifth is an SFA that explores the implications of the presence of As (from CCA-treated wood) in ashes. These studies helped fulfil the specific and overall aims of the thesis; to contribute to the general knowledge on diffuse emissions reflected in end products, by examining emissions of some heavy metals from various societal goods and the implications for end products, in this case sewage sludge and, to some extent, ashes.

    The results from the studies, of which four had Stockholm as a study object, show the urban flows and accumulated amounts (stocks) of the heavy metals. The largest sources of the metals Ag, Bi and Cu in sewage sludge were identified to be textiles (Ag), cosmetics (Bi) and brake linings (Cu). For As (in CCA-treated wood) and Cu updated SFAs were performed and compared with earlier studies in order to follow the development and changes in flows over time.

    The current use of the heavy metals studied can also be seen as a loss of resources, and as the metals should ideally be recovered as a part of a circular economy, urban and landfill mining as well as recycling are alternatives that need further exploring. The legislation of chemicals in consumer goods was identified as an important step in handling corresponding diffuse emissions.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    Doctoral Thesis (Comprehensive Summary)
    Download (jpg)
    Front Page
  • 25.
    Amneklev, Jennie
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Strategier att reducera silver och vismut i urbant avloppsvatten2015Inngår i: Nationella Konferensen Avlopp & Miljö, Örebro, 20-21 januari 2015, 2015Konferansepaper (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 26.
    Amneklev, Jennie
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Upstream Silver Source Mapping2014Konferansepaper (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 27.
    Amneklev, Jennie
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Augustsson, Anna
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Sörme, Louise
    Statistics Sweden, Stockholm.
    Bergbäck, Bo
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Bismuth and Silver in Cosmetic Products: A Source of Environmental and Resource Concern?2016Inngår i: Journal of Industrial Ecology, ISSN 1088-1980, E-ISSN 1530-9290, Vol. 20, nr 1, s. 99-106Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Bismuth (Bi) and silver (Ag) are used in increasing amounts and are consequently being emitted from various sources and showing high accumulation rates in soils when sewage sludge is applied on arable land. This study aimed to analyze the amounts of Bi and Ag in three cosmetic products (foundation, powder, and eye shadow) in order to study the flows in urban wastewater in Stockholm, Sweden. Analyses showed that Bi was present in very high concentrations (7,000 to 360,000 milligrams per kilogram) in one third of the analyzed foundation and powder samples, whereas Ag concentrations all were below the detection limit. These cosmetic products explained approximately 24% of the measured total Bi amounts per year reaching the WWTP (wastewater treatment plant), making cosmetics a major Bi source, whereas for Ag the corresponding contribution was <0.1% of the measured annual Ag amounts. The results were roughly adapted for Europe and the United States, estimating the Bi flows from cosmetics to WWTPs. On a global scale, these flows correspond to a non-negligible part of the world Bi production that, every year, ends up in sewage sludge, limiting the reuse of a valuable metal resource. From an environmental and resource perspective, foundations and powder products should be considered as significant sources of measured Bi amounts in sludge. This large Bi flow must be considered as unsustainable. For Ag, however, the three analyzed cosmetic products are not a significant source of the total Ag load to WWTPs.

  • 28.
    Amneklev, Jennie
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Augustsson, Anna
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Sörme, Louise
    Statistics Sweden.
    Bergbäck, Bo
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Monitoring urban copper flows in Stockholm, Sweden: implications of changes over time2017Inngår i: Journal of Industrial Ecology, ISSN 1088-1980, E-ISSN 1530-9290, Vol. 21, nr 4, s. 903-912Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In this study, a substance flow analysis (SFA) for copper (Cu) was conducted, in which theinflow, stock, and outflow (in the form of diffuse emissions to soil and water) for Stockholmwere estimated for 2013 and compared with a previous study from 1995, hence allowing adiscussion on changes over time. A large number of applications containing Cu were analyzed(including power cables, copper alloys, heavy electrical equipment, tap water systems, roofs,cars, various consumer electronics, wood preservatives, and contact cables for the railroad).The results show that the inflow of Cu to Stockholm has increased between 1995 and 2013,both in total and per person, mainly as the result of an increase in heavy electrical equipment,power cables, and cars. The stock remains relatively unchanged, whereas the outflow hasincreased. For the outflow, the emission increase from brake linings is of greatest quantitativeimportance, with an estimated 5.8 tonnes annual emission of Cu to the environment ofStockholm in 2013 compared to 3.9 tonnes in 1995. Given that increasing inflows of limitedresources drive the global demand, continuous monitoring of flows through society andmanagement of outflow routes are crucial, including improvement of national legislationand regional environmental plans as well as efforts to increase resource-use efficiency andrecycling

  • 29.
    Amneklev, Jennie
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Bergbäck, Bo
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Sörme, Louise
    Upstream silver source mapping2013Konferansepaper (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 30.
    Amneklev, Jennie
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Bergbäck, Bo
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Sörme, Louise
    SCB.
    Lagerkvist, Ragnar
    Stockholm Vatten.
    Kotsch, Maria
    Stockholm Vatten.
    Augustsson, Anna
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Strategier att reducera silver och vismut i urbant avloppsvatten2014Rapport (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [sv]

    Silver och vismut är två metaller som på sikt kan anrikas i mark i samband med slamspridning och som därför är prioriterade enligt REVAQ, ett certifieringssystem för svenska reningsverk.

    I Naturvårdsverkets förslag till ny författning (slamförordning) föreslås gränsvärden för bland annat silver. Silver är en toxisk tungmetall med antibakteriella egenskaper som ger skadliga effekter på båda människors hälsa och miljö redan vid låga koncentrationer. Vismut är en tungmetall som anses vara ”ogiftig” men som också kan ge skadliga effekter vid högre koncentrationer.

     

    En substansflödesanalys utfördes för båda metallerna för att kartlägga inflödet till, stocken (upplagrad mängd i teknosfären) och utflödet från Stockholm under 2012. Avgränsning har gjorts till utflöden som hamnar i avloppsvattnet och på det sättet påverkar Henriksdals reningsverk. Utflödet i substansflödesanalysen blir därmed lika med ett inflöde till reningsverket. Fokus ligger på diffusa utsläpp av silver och vismut, men identifierade punktkällor räknas in i det slutliga resultatet med målet att förklara så mycket som möjligt av de uppmätta halterna av silver och vismut i Henriksdals reningsverk. Källor som har ett utflöde till avfall eller återvinning har inte inkluderats i denna rapport.

     

    För år 2102 uppmättes en tillförsel av 61 kg silver och 116 kg vismut för Henriksdals reningsverk i Stockholm. Källor har identifierats för ca 56 % av uppmätt silver och 49 % av uppmätt vismut i denna studie. De källor med störst bidrag silver bedöms vara textilier (19 %), urin och fekalier (från bland annat amalgamfyllningar och föda) (15 %) samt städprodukter (7 %). För vismut är det kosmetika (23 %), plast (13 %) samt fordonstvättar (9 %) som bedöms vara källor med störst bidrag.

     

    Utifrån erhållna resultat föreslår vi några åtgärder/strategier för reduktion av silver respektive vismut i urbant avloppsvatten. Vi diskuterar även aktörer som har möjlighet/rådighet att genomföra åtgärderna (Svenskt Vatten, avloppsreningsverk, myndigheter, producenter, verksamhetsutövare samt individer/konsumenter). En strategi som föreslås är att myndigheter ska informera och påverka producenter och verksamhetsutövare när det gäller silver och vismut i olika produkter samt verka för ändrad lagstiftning. Producenter kan ta ett eget ansvar att minska silver- och vismutinnehåll i produkter. Två identifierade kunskapsluckor och potentiella källor är silver i städprodukter samt vismut i plast.

     

  • 31.
    Amneklev, Jennie
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Sörme, Louise
    Statistics Sweden.
    Augustsson, Anna
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Bergbäck, Bo
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Bismuth in cosmetic products and its implications for sewage sludge management2015Inngår i: SETAC Europe 25th Annual Meeting, Barcelona, 3-7 May, 2015, 2015Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Bismuth (Bi) is a heavy metal that over recent years has shown increasing concentrations in sewage sludge in Swedish wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), indicating an increasing Bi use in the society. The high accumulation rate of Bi in soil when sewage sludge is used as fertilizer on arable land is of environmental concern. Bismuth is used in various consumer products to replace lead, but which sources in the society that explain the increasing amount of Bi in sewage sludge in the municipal WWTPs is however unknown. This study aimed to analyze one product group suspected to contain Bi, cosmetics, and three different products were chosen (foundation, powder and eye shadow) in order to study the flows in urban wastewater in Stockholm, Sweden. The chemical analyses showed that Bi was present in very high concentrations (>100 000 mg/kg) in one third of the analyzed foundation and powder samples, while mainly low concentrations were found in eye shadow. These cosmetic products explained approximately 24 % of the measured total Bi amounts reaching the WWTP in 2012, making cosmetics a major Bi source. It is therefore recommended to monitor the Bi concentrations in sewage sludge regularly. Efforts should be made to further examine the sources of Bi to WWTPs and to decrease the emission from Bi in cosmetics to the WWTPs.

  • 32.
    Amneklev, Jennie
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Sörme, Louise
    Statistics Sweden.
    Augustsson, Anna
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Bergbäck, Bo
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    The Increase in Bismuth Consumption as Reflected in Sewage Sludge2015Inngår i: Water, Air and Soil Pollution, ISSN 0049-6979, E-ISSN 1573-2932, Vol. 226, nr 4, s. 1-11, artikkel-id 92Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    As the use of dangerous substances in consumer products increases, these substances may also be found in society’s end products, among them sewage sludge. Measuring concentrations in sewage sludge can be a way to reflect the consumption of a substance. By using substance flow analysis, the inflow, stock and outflow of the specific substance to, e.g. a city region, may be analysed. Bismuth is a heavy metal that is found in increasing levels in sewage sludge in Swedish wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and a similar increase cannot be excluded for WWTPs around the world. This study aims to examine possible sources that could explain the amounts measured in one Swedish WWTP. Household products such as cosmetics (24 %) and plastics (14 %) are found to be major sources of Bi measured in sewage sludge. The remaining unidentified amounts in this study (approximately 50 %) are most likely found in effluent waters from industries or sources outside the household. There is, however, no information on measurements of Bi released by industry available and there is no legislation in place that may encourage industry to conduct such measurements.

  • 33. Anderberg, S
    et al.
    Bergbäck, Bo
    Högskolan i Kalmar, Naturvetenskapliga institutionen.
    Lohm, Ulrik
    Flow and distribution of chromium in the Swedish environment: A new approach to studying environmental pollution1989Inngår i: Ambio, ISSN 0044-7447, E-ISSN 1654-7209, Vol. 18, nr 4, s. 216-220Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Point source emission from industrial production processes has been themajor focus of environmental concern in the past. In this article it isargued that the accumulating amount of goods/products in societyshould also be focused on in the future. From these goods substances willsooner or later be leached out to the environment. A case study usingchromium in Sweden is presented in this paper as one example of asubstance that may accumulate in the environment. Total flows ofchromium for the 20th century, based on trade statistics, production ofgoods and persistence of products in the environment are estimated. Itwas found that yearly consumption emissions are higher than the productionemissions, i.e. point source emissions from different industries. 

  • 34. Anderberg, S
    et al.
    Bergbäck, Bo
    Högskolan i Kalmar, Naturvetenskapliga institutionen.
    Lohm, Ulrik
    Pattern of lead emissions in Sweden 1880-19801990Rapport (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 35.
    Andersen, Henrik Rasmus
    et al.
    Technical University of Denmark, Denmark.
    Lundsbye, Mette
    Technical University of Denmark, Denmark.
    Wedel, Heidi. V.
    Technical University of Denmark, Denmark.
    Eriksson, Eva
    Technical University of Denmark, Denmark.
    Ledin, Anna
    Technical University of Denmark, Denmark.
    Estrogenic personal care products in a greywater reuse system2007Inngår i: Water Science and Technology, ISSN 0273-1223, E-ISSN 1996-9732, Vol. 56, nr 12, s. 45-49Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The occurrence and fate of parabens in a greywater system was assessed. The potential for removal of residual paraben concentrations in effluent greywater with chlorine dioxide was also investigated. The influent to the greywater plant was characterised by considerable variation, with concentrations from below the detection limit to 40 μg/L and the five commonly used parabens in consumer products were frequently detected. After the biological treatment only two paraben were detected with concentration from 65–120 ng/L. Chlorine dioxide treatment of the biologically treated effluent with dosages down to 0.75 mg/L resulted in more than 97% reduction of all parabens. Formation of the by-product chloroform was insignificant from the chlorine dioxide treatment.

  • 36.
    Andersson, Alexander
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för teknik (FTK), Sjöfartshögskolan (SJÖ).
    Arvidsson, Teed
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för teknik (FTK), Sjöfartshögskolan (SJÖ).
    Nordostpassagen – ett lokalt hot eller en global möjlighet?: En värdering av miljöpåverkan vid ett ökat användande av Nordostpassagen2017Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [sv]

    I takt med att isens utbredning i Arktis minskar ökar potentialen för Nordostpassagen att bli ett alternativ till Suezkanalen. En inledande litteraturstudie identifierar möjliga effekter på miljön vid en kraftig ökning av kommersiell sjöfart längs Nordostpassagen. Resultatet av litteraturstudien diskuteras i intervjuer med tre personer verksamma inom biologi, filosofi och statsvetenskap för att undersöka hur globala förbättringar kan värderas mot lokala skadeverkningar. Litteraturstudien fann att de största miljöeffekterna i Arktis kommer från sjöfartens luftutsläpp, oljespill samt den stressande effekt fartyg har på djurlivet. Globalt sett kan ett ökat användande av Nordostpassagen ge en minskning av sjöfartens koldioxidutsläpp. De intervjuade har delade åsikter om huruvida koldioxidminskningen kan väga upp för de lokala effekterna i Arktis. Vidare önskade de intervjuade se tydlig reglering av eventuell sjöfart i området och att den vinst som genereras av rutten ska bidra till att minska de negativa miljöeffekterna.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 37.
    Andersson, Daniel
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Waste Management in the Mekong Delta: Characterisation and evaluation of organic waste2017Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    This degree project investigated landfills that takes care of municipal solid waste in an area around the Mekong delta, namely An Giang province, Vietnam. The main objective for this study was to provide basic work in order to create a discussion with the local food markets to separate the household’s food waste from the rest. Such a discussion is possible to create through collaboration with local authorities and inform or guide stakeholders on how waste management can be improved, out of existing knowledge from Sweden. Therefore, this study aims to illuminate and give knowledge for improvements in questions regarding efficiency, organisation, participation, recycling and opportunities associated with a more efficient waste management system.Since a significant percentage of the household waste generated in Long Xuyen City, An Giang province are organic, the opportunity to convert organic waste into soil amendments was examined. Leachate from one of the landfills in the area was also analysed in order to get further understanding for its composition, focusing on organic parameters.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 38.
    Andersson, Kajsa
    Barometern OT.
    Svensson, Fredrik ()
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Forskningsprojekt: Alger ska rena utsläpp: "Algerna är en resurs som vi knappt använder"2014Inngår i: Baromtern, nr 9 augustiArtikkel i tidsskrift (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
  • 39.
    Andersson, Malin
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Från politik till färdig skola: Hur hållbart byggande definieras och praktiseras från beslut till färdig skola2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [sv]

    Studien syftade till att undersöka hur hållbart byggande definieras och praktiseras inom processen att uppföra en ny skolbyggnad där en kommun är beställare och ett kommunalt fastighetsbolag byggherre. Studien ämnade också undersöka vilka hinder och möjligheter som upplevs finnas för hållbart byggande. Totalt deltog tio personer, både politiker och tjänstepersoner som alla arbetar i olika roller inom processen. Metoden som valdes var kvalitativ och för datainsamling användes semistrukturerade intervjuer. 

    Resultatet visade att hållbart byggande är ett komplext begrepp som i studien saknar en entydig definition. Tre teman kunde dock skönjas: vikten av planering för hållbarhet, hållbar byggnad över tid samt låg klimatpåverkan. Styrning mot hållbart byggande uppgavs omfatta såväl lagar och direktiv som lokala program, planer och strategier samt miljöcertifiering. Aktiviteter som avser främja hållbarhet inom ramen för processen uppgavs vara bland annat tidiga utredningar om exempelvis lokalisering och mateiralval för stomme samt kravställande i upphandling. Två teman som föreföll ses som både hinder och möjligheter var samsyn, dialog och samverkan samt ekonomi. Det tredje temat för hinder var svaga förutsättningar i form av såväl organisatoriska och systemmässiga som fysiska förutsättningar och det tredje temat för möjligheter var ökad kunskapsöverföring och nya arbetssätt. 

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    Från politik till färdig skola: Hur hållbart byggande definieras och praktiseras från beslut till färdig skola
  • 40.
    Andersson, Mats
    Barometern.
    Miljöfrågor engagerar många2016Inngår i: Barometern, nr 31 AugustiArtikkel i tidsskrift (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
    Abstract [sv]

    Intresset för miljö- och hållbarhetsfrågor ökar snabbt. När Linnéuniversitetet och Kalmar kommun bjöd in till Hållbarhetssafari anmälde sig 400 personer, dubbelt så många som arrangörerna hade hoppats på.

  • 41.
    Andersson, Rasmus
    Högskolan i Kalmar, Sjöfartshögskolan.
    Havet som Transportväg: En undersökning om MARPOL-Konventionens roll för transportköparna2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 hpOppgave
    Abstract [sv]

    Detta är en kvalitativ undersökning om vilken roll MARPOL-konventionen spelar för transportköpare. Vilken miljöhänsyn de tar vid val av transportör och till vilken grad de känner till MARPOL-konventionen och det arbete som besättningen ombord på fartygen utför för att leva upp till dess krav. Det studerade problemet behandlarförståelsen för att miljöarbete, inte bara inom sin egen arbetssektor, utan även inom andra arbetssektorer, är en viktig förståelse för att uppnå ett stort samarbete för miljön.Undersökningen är baserad på en semi-strukturerade metod av öppna intervjuer med fem svenska företag som handlar med varor internationellt och är transportköpare. Undersökningen visar på att transportkostnad på lång sikt, miljöarbete inom transportbolaget och pålitligheten gällande de avsatta leveranstiderna samt den tidigare arbetsrelationen mellan transportköpare och transportbolag, är de faktorer som spelar störst roll vid val av transportör för transportköpare. Samt att ett företag av fem intervjuade, känner till MARPOL-Konventionen och lite av dess arbetskrav som ställs på besättningen ombord på fartygen. Allt arbete med denna undersökning och utvecklingen av dess rapport är genomfört av arbetets författare.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    Havet som Transportväg
  • 42.
    Andersson, Richard
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    PFAS-föroreningar i Småland: Sammanställning av förekomst och åtgärdsmetoder2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [sv]

    Per- och polyflourerade alkylsubstanser, PFAS är samlingsnamnet för en grupp med över 4700 ämnen som används inom tillverkning av t.ex. brandskum, smink, matförpackningar och ytbehandling av metall. Den största kända källan är användning av brandskum. PFAS-ämnena orsakar inte akuta hälsorisker för människor. Men det finns forskning som visar att några påverkar t.ex. immunförsvaret, försämrar effekten av vaccin, blodfetter och leverceller. Det misstänks att ett samband finns mellan höga halter av PFOA och vissa former av cancer. Fastän ämnena har använts sedan 30-talet finns det fortfarande osäkerhet på vilka hälso- och miljöeffekter de flesta ämnena har. Den största kända spridningskällan idag är brandskum. Det finns flera olika metoder att använda för att sanera PFAS-förorenade platser både för mark och vatten. I Småland vet de tre länsstyrelserna på vilka platser PFAS-ämnen använts och vilka som kan vara förorenade men eftersom ämnena inte har klassats som föroreningar länge har de haft stor användning och spridning under hela 1900-talet. I Småland har det gjorts fem schaktsaneringar av PFAS-ämnen, Kalmar och Kronobergs län har båda gjort en sanering var och Jönköpings län genomfört tre stycken. Schaktsanering är den enda metoden som använts hittills i Småland. Schaktsanering är en enkel och väl beprövad metod. Jönköping och Kalmar län har båda gjort en inventering av platser och har identifierat 19 respektive 27 platser med PFAS-ämnen. Kronobergs län har ännu inte gjort en inventering på länsnivå av platser som kan innehålla PFAS-ämnen, däremot har Växjö kommun identifierat tre platser i kommunen. Alla metoder finns tillgängliga har liknande effektivitet över 90%. Samtidigt som det pågår mycket forskning om flera tillgängliga och alternativa metoder. 

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 43. Andrady, Anthony
    et al.
    Aucamp, Pieter J.
    Austin, Amy T.
    Bais, Alkiviadis F.
    Ballare, Carlos L.
    Barnes, Paul W.
    Bernhard, Germar H.
    Bjoern, Lars Olof
    Bornman, Janet F.
    Congdon, Nathan
    Cory, Rose M.
    Flint, Stephan D.
    de Gruijl, Frank R.
    Haeder, Donat-P.
    Heikkilae, Anu
    Hylander, Samuel
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Longstreth, Janice
    Lucas, Robyn M.
    Madronich, Sasha
    McKenzie, Richard L.
    Neale, Patrick
    Neale, Rachel
    Norval, Mary
    Pandey, Krishna K.
    Paul, Nigel
    Rautio, Milla
    Redhwi, Halim Hamid
    Robinson, Sharon A.
    Rose, Kevin C.
    Solomon, Keith R.
    Sulzberger, Barbara
    Waengberg, Sten-Ake
    Williamson, Craig E.
    Wilson, Stephen R.
    Worrest, Robert C.
    Young, Antony R.
    Zepp, Richard G.
    Environmental effects of ozone depletion and its interactions with climate change: Progress report, 20162017Inngår i: Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences, ISSN 1474-905X, E-ISSN 1474-9092, Vol. 16, nr 2, s. 107-145Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The Parties to the Montreal Protocol are informed by three Panels of experts. One of these is the Environmental Effects Assessment Panel (EEAP), which deals with two focal issues. The first focus is the effects of UV radiation on human health, animals, plants, biogeochemistry, air quality, and materials. The second focus is on interactions between UV radiation and global climate change and how these may affect humans and the environment. When considering the effects of climate change, it has become clear that processes resulting in changes in stratospheric ozone are more complex than previously believed. As a result of this, human health and environmental issues will be longer-lasting and more regionally variable. Like the other Panels, the EEAP produces a detailed report every four years; the most recent was published as a series of seven papers in 2015 (Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 2015, 14, 1-184). In the years in between, the EEAP produces less detailed and shorter Progress Reports of the relevant scientific findings. The most recent of these was for 2015 (Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 2016, 15, 141-147). The present Progress Report for 2016 assesses some of the highlights and new insights with regard to the interactive nature of the direct and indirect effects of UV radiation, atmospheric processes, and climate change. The more detailed Quadrennial Assessment will bemade available in 2018.

  • 44.
    Andreas, Bendroth
    Östra Småland.
    Legrand, Catherine ()
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Algblomningens positiva sidor lyftes fram2017Inngår i: Östra Småland, nr 31 Aug, s. 6-Artikkel i tidsskrift (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
  • 45.
    Angeland, Ida
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Utvärdering av polymerers sedimenteringsegenskaper i aktivt avloppsslam2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [sv]

    Den idag mest använda biologiska metoden för rening av avloppsvatten är processen som kallas för aktivt slam. Denna är normalt uppbyggd av luftningsbassäng och sedimenteringsbassäng. Kärnan i processen består av mikroorganismer vars sammansättning varierar. Detta beror på en rad olika yttre faktorer. Mikroorganismer bryter ned löst organiskt material i avloppsvattnet och bildar så kallade flockar, som sedan sjunker ner till bassängbottnen i sedimentationssteget. På detta sätt separerar man vattnet ifrån slammet. Det man vill uppnå är så snabb och kompakt sedimentation som möjligt.

    Polymerer används i samband med avloppsvattenrening för att förbättra flockbildningen och då speciellt när förutsättningarna för naturlig flockning är nedsatt.

    Syftet med den här studien var att laborativt utvärdera ett antal konventionella polymerprodukter och ett miljövänligare alternativ baserad på potatisstärkelse ur effektiv flockning- och sedimenteringssynvinkel. Där resultat för slamvolym, turbiditet och färgtal har vägts mot varandra, samt koncentrationen av polymer och den tid för sedimentering som krävts.

    Resultaten har visat att Magnafloc® 919 var den polymer med effektivast och mest optimala egenskaper. Fler polymerer så som t.ex. Magnafloc® 455 hade snarlika resultat, men krävde en högre koncentration av flockningsmedlet, vilket gör Magnafloc® 919 till det bättre alternativet. Resultaten kommer att ligga till grund för rekommendation av polymerprodukt att testa i fullskala.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 46.
    Anjos, Talles Bruno Oliveira dos
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Sweden.
    Abel, Sebastian
    Stockholm University, Sweden.
    Lindehoff, Elin
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Bradshaw, Clare
    Stockholm University, Sweden.
    Sobek, Anna
    Stockholm University, Sweden.
    Assessing the effects of a mixture of hydrophobic contaminants on the algae Rhodomonas salina using the chemical activity concept2023Inngår i: Aquatic Toxicology, ISSN 0166-445X, E-ISSN 1879-1514, Vol. 265, artikkel-id 106742Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The production and release of chemicals from human activities are on the rise. Understanding how the aquatic environment is affected by the presence of an unknown number of chemicals is lacking. We employed the chemical activity concept to assess the combined effects of hydrophobic organic contaminants on the phyto-plankton species Rodomonas salina. Chemical activity is additive, and refers to the relative saturation of a chemical in the studied matrix. The growth of R. salina was affected by chemical activity, following a chemical activity-response curve, resulting in an Ea50 value of 0.078, which falls within the baseline toxicity range observed in earlier studies. The chlorophyll a content exhibited both increases and decreases with rising chemical activity, with the increase possibly linked to an antioxidant mechanism. Yet, growth inhibition provided more sensitive and robust responses compared to photosynthesis-related endpoints; all measured endpoints correlated with increased chemical activity. Growth inhibition is an ecologically relevant endpoint and integrates ther-modynamic principles such as membrane disruption. Our study utilized passive dosing, enabling us to control exposure and determine activities in both the medium and the algae. The concept of chemical activity and our results can be extended to other neutral chemical groups as effects of chemical activity remain independent of the mixture composition.

  • 47.
    Anne, Olga
    et al.
    Klaipeda University, Lithuania.
    Blom, Angelika
    NSR AB, Sweden.
    Faidušienė, Raimonda
    Klaipeda University, Lithuania.
    Karčauskienė, Danutė
    Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Lithuania.
    Lundström, Jelena
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Mockevičienė, Ieva
    Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Lithuania.
    Rogala, Andrzej
    Gdansk University of Technology, Polen.
    Rybarczyk, Piotr
    Gdansk University of Technology, Poland.
    Svensson, Samuel
    NSR AB, Sweden.
    Schmieder, Frank
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Öhman, Dolores
    Hässleholm Miljö AB, Sweden.
    Zajaczkowski, Kamil
    Guidelines: Phytoremediation technologies and methods for polluted soils treatment2023Rapport (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 48. Anonym, .
    Alger sprids med vinden2016Inngår i: Barometern, nr 11 Juli, s. 12-Artikkel i tidsskrift (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
  • 49.
    Anselius, Lotta
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Kabinavfall - möjligheter att sortera och återvinna?2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [sv]

    Flygindustrin ökar med ca 5 % varje år och prognosen är att det kommer att fortsätta så fram till 2030. Vårt behov av att resa och förflytta oss är stort och oåterkalleligt men samtidigt når utsläpp av växthusgaser hela tiden nya nivåer och klimatförändringar blir allt kännbarare. Flygindustrin världen över genererar, förutom växthusgasutsläpp och buller, en stor mängd avfall från ombordserveringar som idag till största del går till förbränning eller deponi. I den här studien har en undersökning av kabinavfall gjorts för att se vilka olika fraktioner av kabinavfall och vilken mängd som genereras. Kabinavfall från 30 flygplan ankommande till Stockholm Arlanda Airport har sorterats och vägts. Till Stockholm Arlanda Airport ankommer i genomsnitt nära 10 000 flygplan i månaden och deras kabinavfall går till förbränning vid Brista kraftvärmeverk. EU´s lagar om hur matavfall antingen måste förbrännas eller deponeras om det kommer från ett land utanför EUs regler för animaliska biprodukter gör det svårare för flygbolagen att införa system för sortering och insamling ombord. Det finns dock stora miljövinster att göra med återvinning av olika fraktioner kabinavfall. Fraktioner av avfall från flygplan ankommande till Stockholm Arlanda Airport har i den här studien sorterats och vägts och resultatet visar att plast utgör den största delen kabinavfall. Metall (aluminium) är den fraktion som vid återvinning sparar mest energi (95 %) och CO2-utsläpp (95 %) och är tillsammans med delar av plastfraktionen lättast att sortera och återvinna. Flygbolag och flygplatsverksamheter måste gemensamt arbeta för att öka återvinning av avfall men i en konkurrensutsatt bransch som flygbranschen måste miljöfördelarna med återvinning lyftas fram. Strävan för ökad sortering och återvinning tillsammans med minskad avfallsuppkomst måste intensifieras.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 50. Arnemo, R
    et al.
    Bergbäck, Bo
    Högskolan i Kalmar, Naturvetenskapliga institutionen.
    Carlsson, D
    Persson, L-E
    Tobiasson, Stefan
    Kuststatus. Miljöfakta som underlag för planering1989Rapport (Annet vitenskapelig)
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