Den 2 juli 2014 blev det enligt lag tillåtet för en- och tvåbostadshusägare att uppföra en bygglovsbefriad komplementbyggnad på max 25 kvadratmeter på den egna fastigheten. Rapporten undersöker vilket genomslag lagändringen har haft i Stor-Stockholm, Stor-Göteborg och Stor-Malmö. Undersökningen visar att lagändringen ännu inte har haft något stort genomslag. I rapporten undersöks även en utvald del av marknadsaktörers utbud av attefallshus avsett som komplementbostadshus. 

Ett attefallshus utformas med miljövänligt hållbara material och inspireras av Vitruvius tre principer för god arkitektur. Huset konstrueras med avsikt att uppfylla kraven som ställs i PBL, PBF, BBR och EKS. Målet med de framtagna bygghandlingarna är att få startbesked från byggnadsnämnden i Växjö. 

There are indications that the architecture in Sweden is perceived as more and more monotonous with the absence of aesthetic qualities. Architects are allowed to bear responsibility for the claim but they themselves believe that they deprived their position in the construction process where they are replaced under ongoing projects, ancillary financial interests.

The goal of the work was to find out what happens to a building's aesthetic qualities when the architect is replaced and what lies behind the replacement of the architect. A comparison of two objects was made, one in which the architect has been involved throughout the process and one where the architect has been replaced. The study was conducted through fact-finding from literature, observations and interviews.

The result shows that the desire to build beautifully with aesthetic qualities is strongly linked to the client's level of ambition. However, the overall result shows that aesthetic values are subordinated to the economy of the construction-process. Furthermore, it has emerged during the work with this essay that there is a lack of knowledge and difficulties in communication between the actors in the construction industry, especially between architects and contractors. 

In Sweden there are large differences between living in the city and the countryside. To make the countryside more attractive as a place of living, improvement is necessary in some regions. One such region is Skruv, a village that consists of a lot of deserted houses. 

The purpose of the study is to improve the living conditions in this region. As a result, a design proposal has been created.

In the creation of this study, both information gathered from field studies and interviews with subject relevant professionals has acted as a basis. This all surmised into a proposal with the old stationhouse as a central role. The proposal has a futuristic angle, as it expects there to be a functioning train stop, something which also increase the attractiveness of the region. In the proposal the chosen deserted houses consist of functions that are deemed desired by the inhabitants in Skruv. 

Overall functions in a society are the same regardless of the geographical location. It’s important to look at a place specific conditions and resources to enable a favorable development.

Rapporten behandlar hur husleverantörer kan utveckla presentationsmaterial. De materialen som visas är olika husmodeller från företagen och behandlar bakgrundsvyer samt förbättringar i digital media. Företaget som ligger till grund för rapporten är Trivselhus, och undersökningarna i rapporten är baserade på aktörer i anknytning till företaget. Resultatet kan även tillämpas hos andra husleverantörer.

Visualisering handlar om hur människan tar till sig den informationen som ges. Den används för att underlätta förståelsen för komplicerade bilder och idéer som visas för kunder. Visualisering möjliggör att bearbetade bilder kan kopplas samman med slutresultatet som presenteras.

Informationen som kommer genom visualisering kan fås genom människans fem sinnen syn, lukt, hörsel, smak och känsel. Denna studie lägger fokus på den synliga aspekten till visualisering och hur företag kan använda den för att förstärka sin kundkrets.

Resultatet ger exempel på visualisering som husleverantörer kan tillämpa i verksamheten. Det behandlar bland annat utveckling av hemsidor och gemensamma plattformar som kund och säljare båda kan arbeta i. Andra framtidsförslag som presenteras är en utveckling av visningshus samt producering av miniatyrhus. Detta för att ge kunden en bättre visualisering och därmed en större insyn i hur det färdiga huset är utformat och kommer fungera i verkligheten.

Studien behandlar utformning av en tillbyggnad som länkas samman med en befintlig byggnad och en planerad byggnad. Det på uppdrag av Videum AB som planerar att bygga ett nytt kontorshotell på Videum Science Park och vill ha en interstruktur som innehåller restaurang, reception och konferensrum. Denna tillbyggnad ska bli mötesplatsen för Videums personal, hyresgäster och för allmänheten.

Resultatet visar ritningar, illustrationer och förklaringar över interstrukturen.

This thesis aims to develop knowledge of non-metallic connections in order to develop and change the Swedish wood architecture as well as wood structures. The main question being "Are metal-free connections suitable for contemporary timber buildings?". In the theory chapter, facts about wood are introduced, followed by literature studies and previous research. Through literature research in the university database and conducting interviews with an architect, a designer and a carpenter, data was collected for the design process and for the calculation of the dimensions for one of the selected glulam connections. The result showed that there is a lack of knowledge in Sweden regarding non-metallic connections, other countries such as Switzerland are more developed in the area and has accepted the idea of this concept. The result also showed that the lack of strength in wooden connections lead to large dimensions of the timber elements, but an aesthetic advantage can be developed. Finally, the results are discussed and analyzed according to the different requirements set on appearance, durability and manufacturability.

Sweden's population is constantly growing and so are the larger cities. Meanwhile thousands of buildings in the countryside are unused and forgotten. Recent world events have resulted in more opportunities for remote work, enabling more freedom in choosing where to live.The aim of this study is to exemplify how the change of an abandoned building can contribute to social sustainability and development of rural areas. The suggestions presented in the report should be applicable in accordance with current regulations, such as Plan- och bygglagen. Therefore a presentation of relevant laws is included in the study.The exemplification in this study is presented in the form of a design for a repurposed school-building in a small society near Älmhult. The design allows the space to be used for public activities and greenery. This is in accordance with theories and answers from interviews, which were conducted with a selection of people relevant to the subject, regarding how to make rural areas more attractive.

Detta examensarbete ger ett studerat utformningsförslag på ett outnyttjat grönområde imiljonprogramsområdet Norrliden i Kalmar.Studien har resulterat i ett förslag till förbättrad utformning, en visuell skiss utifrånrelevant teori, intervjuer med sakkunniga och enkätsvar från de som bor i området. Fokushar legat på att öka gemenskap mellan människor i olika åldrar, kön och bakgrund.

This analysis has been conducted to show that it is possible to combine accessibility, accessible evacuation and cultural heritage buildings, in this case especially Kalmar residence, without distorting the building. 

The study was performed as a case study. By studying laws, regulations and rules as well as interviewing experts and comparing solutions with other buildings, the residence will become accessible. The aim of this work is to deliver a solution proposal. This proposal should also be used as an inspiration for future projects of similar complex types. 

The study has come to the conclusion that there is a need for more laws and rules on accessible evacuation and that accessibility is an aspect that should be taken more into consideration in cultural heritage buildings. It is important that everyone can take part in society on an equal basis. 

This paper illustrates how the built environment affects the social sustainability in areas with socio-economic difficulties. The focus is on how municipalities, real estate companies and other actors work on issues concerning design, housing, physical environment, security and safety, health, influence and participation. The purpose of this study is to gather knowledge about the subject and to highlight the meaning of it. The aim is to develop guidelines for the establishment of a social development plan or during the development of a region.

Research that focuses on the subject as well as interviews with municipalities, real estate companies and an expert has been central to the preparation of the guidelines. Interviews and previous research correlate with each other and illustrate how the physical environment has an impact on the residents and their well-being. The study places important research in connection with an inclusive collaboration process and provides an explanation for involving concerned actors and existing residents in the development of the area's physical environment. A mix of buildings and operations is important. This together with an open and attractive physical environment, can in long terms contribute to increased movement and feelings of safety. Public transport in relation with activities and good connections can make it easier for residents to establish social contacts.

A school building has always been a public place that represents the society and its users. Today there are a lot of different structural materials to use to build a school building. In 2016, Sweden’s first school built in solid wood was completed.

Teachers are among the most important factors in enchancing student’s development, but also the enviroment they are in, affects their learning ability and well-being. The purpose of the study is to investigate whether the schools’ choice of structural material and building design influences pupils’ well-being. The purpose is also to be able to contribute knowledge to the construction sector on how a school’s physical environment can be designed.

A survey provided data from three different schools, with three different structural materials, from three different eras. The result shows that the most vital parameter for pupils’ well-being were the teachers and classmates, but also the colors of the school.

The construction industry is rapidly growing but lags in digitalization. Implementing digital technologies has been slow despite their advantages. Key personnel play a significant role in adopting new technologies, such as generative design tools. This study focuses on Forma, a generative design program, examining implementation factors across different business models and project types. The aim is to explore how these tools can improve design and construction processes. Two methods were used: interviews with representatives from four companies and a case study of two objects. Results highlighted perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use as key factors. Forma was considered good in terms of credibility, time, cost, and function, with some exceptions regarding complexity. Generative design tools were most useful at the procedural level, enhancing efficiency, productivity, and information management. Drawbacks include limitations in data and reduced usability in smaller projects.

I dagsläget finns en problematik i att verksamhetenssyn på skolhusens utformning och deras inredning inte alltid når fram till arkitekten som har till uppgift att utforma ett skolhus. Därav undersöker detta examensarbete pedagogernas syn på skolhusens utformning och inredning, med avsikt att föra dessa två parter samman i ett gemensamt underlag om hur skolhus kan utformas på bästa sätt. Ur resultatet går att utläsa att pedagogerna är entydiga i många frågor som rör utformningen av skolhus. Trots detta visar den utförda fältstudien i undersökningen på att skolhusen inte ser ut så idag.

In March 2020 the covid-19 pandemic was confirmed. Due to the pandemic, many office employees have been forced or have chosen to work from home. Distance work implicated that many office spaces have been left empty, and the future of the office is now questioned. 

The office has been a place where employees go to fulfill workassignments, meet colleagues and clients. A place that creates space for exchange of experience, interaction and innovative solutions to problems. The pandemic has limited the possibility of physical meetings and to a great extent changed to digital meetings. Even though the concentrated assignments have been successfully practiced from home, the need of physical meetings has been made obvious. 

The pandemic has resulted in an acceleration of the technical development and the future of the office has been much discussed. The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to examine the needs of the office as a meeting- and workplace after the year of 2020. To investigate the functions of the future office, several people with different work roles and experiences of office development has been interviewed. This bachelor thesis is based on interviews and the results of the respondents own theories and experiences of office trends. 

The findings in the study reveals that a great office is a place that is optimized for the business and a place that stimulate productivity for every individual. Newly found experiences has led to the conclusion that the office has to develop in the same pace as the technological development. The office needs to be a place for impulses, meetings, exchange of experience and at the same time a place that creates the company’s culture and identity. 

The physical environment in schools is an important factor that benefits the educational quality and has an essential role in the student's learning process. In the Philippines the physical environment is underdeveloped in the schools, since the main focus is on developing a basic foundation and on making sure that every child can go to school. This thesis studied the classrooms' physical environment in three selected schools in the Philippines. It presents improvements of the classroom’s physical environment. This study can be used as indicative guidelines when designing classrooms in the Philippines.

This study is supported by the Minor Field Study scholarship, founded by SIDA.

Studien i rapporten sammanställs i ett utformningsförslag till Linnéuniversitetets järnvägsstation.Stationen är dimensionerad efter 35 sittande, väntande resenärer. Materialen är till sörsta del träoch glas.Utformningen visualiceras med en modell i trä, 2d ritningar i cad och 3d modell i googlesketchup.Förslaget går i modernismens teorier med avskalad och geometrisk enkel arkitektur. Det har enöppen planlösning med många funktioner.

Spretande och utglesning är ett problem i många svenska städer. Detta ökar då ny mark, relativt oplanerat, tas i anspråk för att expandera staden. Komplementbebyggelse är ett sätt att motverka den spretande utglesningen. Forskning bedrivsäven kring hur kollektivtrafiksanslutningar och gröna ytor påverkar en stadsutveckling. I detta arbete har ett förslag på hur en strötomt i Växjö kan nyttjas till komplementbebyggelse. I förslaget ingår två byggnader i ett sammanhang som kan bidra till att skapa en attraktiv stadskärna.

Cultural environments of national interests make up approximately four percent of Sweden's surface at the present time. Despite this, there is a lack of knowledge about the meaning of the classification and how it should be considered. The problem is that in many cases municipalities avoid making local plans for cultural environments, which results in these areas not being used and managed.

The purpose of this study is to outline the planning process of cultural environments of national interests. Through this, opportunities to facilitate the planning process are explored. Possibilities for development of cultural environments of national interest in the countryside in general and the village of Hohult in particular will be investigated.

The method used for this project is a case study. The data collection was carried out using interviews with people with a wide knowledge in the subject and field studies in the village of Hohult.

Overall, the study shows that the greatest problem is the lack of expertise about cultural environments. The land use planning of cultural environments of national interest can be facilitated by three different factors in particular. Enhanced knowledge among planning architects, an early dialogue between the county board and the municipality and detailed planning documentation.[MK1] 

The cultural environments of national interests form an important part in the preservation of the society’s historical context and the values of the characteristic landscape. However, these cultural environments of national interest can be developed as long as it is done deliberately and in a way that does not damage the expressed values of the national interest.

The future of the cultural environment of national interest, the village of Hohult, depends on the owner's commitment to manage its values. There are currently no plans for development. The intention is to manage and preserve the local context and history.

The shortage of housing increases the demand for apartment buildings, while pressing climate change forces the construction sector to reduce its carbon footprint. In this context, solid wood and engineered wood products have been shown to be a more sustainable alternative to traditional building materials. 

The present study investigates how living in wooden high-rise apartments impacts the wellbeing of its occupants. Nine people currently living in high-rise wooden buildings were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. The data was processed using a qualitative content analysis. The residents expressed having a “clear conscience” regarding their choice of housing and were proud to contribute to sustainability from an ecological perspective. In addition, the majority of the participants linked exposed wood in the indoor and outdoor living environment to feelings of comfort and wellbeing. In general, the touch of wood was perceived as softer, warmer and more alive than other materials such as stone. The conclusion points towards the outdoor and indoor environment of wooden high-rise buildings having a positive effect on the wellbeing of its residents.  

The world's population growth drives the need for new housing, infrastructure, and industries, with concrete being one of the most widely used building materials globally. However, today's concrete is not sustainable from a climate perspective, thus efforts are made to reduce the climate impact from the construction sector. The largest portion CO2 emission is generated from cement production and accounts for approximately 8% of global emissions. To reduce carbon dioxide emissions, development of alternative binders and techniques such as fossil-free transport and carbon storage is ongoing. Despite this, knowledge of how climate-improved concrete affects appearance is limited. This study examines the visual effects of climate-improved concrete with blast furnace slag as a binder on various facade techniques to contribute to sustainable construction. Through experiments with 12 different facade techniques, the results show that climate-improved concrete does not differ drastically in appearance compared to traditional concrete. The climate improved concrete has a lighter color tone and affects imprints during casting on different form materials. The conclusion is that climate-improved concrete has the potential to reduce climate impact without deteriorating visual properties compared to traditional concrete. 

Several municipalities around Sweden report that they have a housing shortage. Reasonswhy there is a housing shortage in Sweden are partly the high construction costs andpartly the population increase that is taking place. In order to meet the shortage as well asthe increase, housing has been produced in a large volume. At the same time as a largeamount of housing is being built, it is possible to question how many of these meet theimportant qualities required for housing to be able to achieve comfort and a sense offeeling of home.The housing shortage that we are in now can be compared to the housing shortage thatSweden was in in the 50s and 60s. That then led to the million program being started inthe mid-60s to the mid-70s. Back then, a lot was built in a short time and then flaws in thequality and execution were discovered. In order to avoid deficiencies in quality, it isimportant to consider basic factors that create well-being. Some of these basic factors arethe "immeasurable values" which, in cooperation with each other, create a sense of homeand well-being in a home.Creating pleasant homes and buildings is a very complex task and therefore it is easy tomiss certain basic factors that promote well-being in homes. Therefore, studies need to bedone to see if these basic factors are included in today's new housing production. This isbecause today's construction industry can forget important points in its planning and onlythinks about costs and time. Which means that many important parameters can beforgotten and therefore create a less pleasant home.The purpose of the work is to investigate floor plans in order to gain an insight into thequality of new apartments in apartment buildings. The work examines planning solutionsfrom four municipalities that are randomly selected. In order to determine the quality ofthe housing, the work is based on the book "The home ́s immeasurable value" by OlaNylander and "Manual for analysis of housing quality" developed by research scientist atChalmers.The chosen method is a random sample study. In the study, the selected floor plans havebeen reviewed and analyzed based on four parameters of immeasurable values and oneparameter with measurable value. The four immeasurable values are movement, axiality,daylight and room organization. The measurable value is Potential for remainingresidents.The result of the work is shown through figures on the floor plans where the variousparameters are clearly shown in figures. The group has gone through different housingsizes from the four different municipalities. The sizes of the homes are 2 RAK, 3 RAKand 4 RAK.The conclusion of the study is that new homes that are built generally meet therequirements set out in "The immeasurable values of housing" and "Manual for analysisof housing quality". When designing the homes, it is shown in this study that architectsand designers have thought about the immeasurable and measurable values when theapartments were designed. The size of the home is of great importance, as it is possible toget more and better parameters in the home if they contain several rooms. In smallerhomes there are, in some cases, deficiencies in the number of parameters that lower thequality. The parameter from the Manual for Analysis of Housing Quality (MAB),Potential for remaining residents, could be found in the floor plans in a clear way.

This study delves into the development of a long-term, sustainable housing solution to address the challenges faced during crisis when people are in immediate need of an accommodation. While temporary tents have been traditionally employed as shelters, their inefficiency in colder climates and lack of sustainability necessitate the exploration of alternative options. The proposed solution focuses on the construction of permanent houses equipped with proper insulated floorings, walls, and roofs. 

Several crucial factors are taken into consideration throughout this study, including resistance to biological decomposition, exposure to precipitation, breathability, U-value per thickness, storage capabilities, and environmental impact. Therefore, studies and simulations are conducted to evaluate the viability of two organic insulation materials, with the objective of identifying the most suitable option for the project. In the next step energy simulations are conducted using the VIP software, enabling an accurate assessment of the concept building's energy efficiency. Moreover, a detailed model of the housing prototype is constructed using Revit and rendered using Twinmotion, facilitating a comprehensive visualization of the final design. Additionally, the transportation of the developed housing units was investigated and an efficient storage concept for standard shipping container was developed and modelled in SketchUp.

With this study a sustainable, lightweight, flexible, adaptable, and easily transportable housing solution that can be constructed without reliance on external forces is to develop. By emphasizing sustainability and resilience, this study provides dignified and long-lasting housing for individuals and communities in need, effectively bridging the gap between temporary shelters and permanent housing structures. The findings and insights obtained from this study contribute to the broader body of knowledge in the field, fostering future advancements in crisis housing and promoting sustainable development practices.

The global energy use must change, more than 80 % of the primary energy use is currently based on fossil fuels. To achieve a more sustainable development, a larger part of the energy consumption must be produced from renewable energy sources, such as solar energy.

The purpose of this study is to exemplify practical, technical, economical and architectural factors and aspects that should be taken into consideration regarding solar cell integration in buildings. Through a case study, the Sankt Sigfrid area in Växjö was examined and bounded to four properties with possible solar cell installation as well as a possible solar cell park.

Through theory, study visits, observations, solar study as well as technical and economical calculations, the solar cells' possible electricity production and potential savings were demonstrated. The integration proposals were compiled through the obtained theory and a survey based on how the design of building objects is affected by a solar cell installation.

With today's generous government subsidies, there is a possibility of economic profitability regarding solar cell investments, which is reflected in the profit calculation of the result. The case study also demonstrates the complexity of solar cell installations as well as how various practical, technical, economical, architectural factors and aspects complicate the integrations onto buildings.

The study is based on the ever-increasing urban population, which contributes to the development needs of cities. A solution to this can be densification. This can lead to consequences in the existing neighborhoods with new buildings, which will often be placed in a sensitive environment, which in the case of this study is a cultural-historical area. In order not to distort cultural-historical areas, it is important that densification takes place with care. The study deals with a current area in central Växjö which is of high cultural and historical value.

The purpose of the following study is to examine what priorities take precedence while designing new constructions during densifying in cultural-historical environments. The goal is to suggest how densification in a cultural-historical area can look like. The study is based on a survey and observations. The results show that exploitation can be achieved gently. It places truly high demands on facade design, details, materials, color choices, ground connections, volume, scale and proportions as well as interaction with surrounding buildings and environments.

Showing respect for existing areas and maintaining a gentle approach when developing cities for contemporary and future needs is essential.

Hårdare energidirektiv från EU gällande energianvändning i byggnader har resulterat i Boverkets framtagande av Sveriges kommande nära-nollenergilagstiftning. Den kommande lagstiftningen kommer ur energisynpunkt innebära ett paradigmskifte för hur man projekterar och bygger nya byggnader i Sverige. I samarbete med WSP Sverige AB har detta arbete huvudsakligen undersökt potentialen att klara av denna omställning, genom att fokusera på minimering av energiförluster från transmission i en byggnads klimatskal. Arbetet innehåller en omprojektering av en specifik byggnads klimatskal. Vid framtagandet av detta klimatskal har olika konstruktionsalternativ simulerats och analyserats för att på ett kostnadseffektivt sätt avgöra den ambitionsnivå som krävs för att uppnå kraven i den kommande lagstiftningen. Utöver Boverkets kommande lagstiftning har även möjligheten att klara av viktade krav från miljöclassifieringssystemet Miljöbyggnad analyserats.

En ökad bostadskris och allt högre miljökrav gör att Sveriges byggnadsbransch står inför en stor utmaning under den närmaste tiden. Allt fler småhusföretag känner att de vill utveckla sina produkter så att de passar bostadsmarknaden. Efter samarbete med Vimmerbyhus har ett ritningsförslag på ett prefabricerat flerbostadshus i tre våningar tagits fram. Det framtagna förslaget har även fått en miljöcertifiering inom Miljöbyggnad.

Studien innehåller val av byggnadens design samt inre utformning av ytor. Sveriges lagar och krav inom ändrings- och nybebyggelse är här av stor vikt. Det ställdes också vissa krav på designen av byggnaden på grund av att planelementen byggs i fabrik för att sedan fraktas och sättas ihop på byggplatsen. En jämförelse mellan fyra olika miljöcerifieringar gjordes innan Miljöbyggnad valdes som den mest passande. Här utreddes och beräknades olika aspekter inom energi, material och inomhusklimat.

Studien är en pedagogisk designforskning som genom en intervention belyser hur de entreprenöriella förmågorna komplexitet, ansvar och samverkan framträder genom en kombination av metoderna värdeskapande lärande och matematisk modellering. Studien avser också att belysa om metoderna kan bidra till ett kontextuellt och strategiskt matematiskt kunnande. Resultatet består av en beskrivning och analys av de förmågor som framträtt samt en analys av de designprinciper som användes för att tillverka den uppgift som eleverna använde under projektets gång. Resultatet visar att kombinationen av metoderna värdeskapande lärande och matematisk modellering, dels genom sin verklighetsanknytning och uppmuntrande till elevers engagemang, skapar goda möjligheter för ovanstående förmågors framträdande. Den andra delen av resultatet visar att eleverna behöver ges en god förförståelse för att bibehålla ett matematiskt fokus igenom hela uppgiftsprocessen.

Detta examensarbete utreder möjligheten av att bygga ett studentboende med fokus på de tillgänglighetskrav som finns enligt Svensk standard samt specifika materials miljöpåverkan.

Byggbranschen har en stor negativ påverkan på miljön när det gäller energianvändning.

Arbetet avser att utforma ett förslag i form av ett mer miljömedvetet studentboende samtidigt som det ska vara attraktivt.

För att alla lägenheterna ska vara tillgängliga för personer med funktionsförhinder har normal tillgänglighetsnivå använts.

På fastigheten Nornan 13 i Tingsryd, Kronobergs län, finns idag en mangårdsbyggnad från mitten av 1800-talet. Då ett flertal ekonomibyggnader på fastigheten tidigare förstörts i en brand, funderar fastighetsägaren på att komplettera tomten med nya byggnader i form av flerbostadshus. Denna rapport utreder möjligheterna och förutsättningarna för nybyggnation på Nornan 13, samt ger utifrån dessa villkor förslag på hur sådan byggnation bör och kan utformas. Förslaget presenteras med hjälp av ritningar, illustrationer och beskrivningar.

Eftersom samtliga byggnader på Nornan 13 och närliggande fastigheter är av äldre karaktär bedöms området som känsligt för ny modern bebyggelse. Av den anledningen genomförs en områdesanalys för att kunna identifiera områdets kulturhistoriska värden, samt undersöka hur nybyggnation kan tillvarata dessa. Områdesanalysen genomförs med stöd av DIVE-metoden.

The population within the age group 80+ is increasing. At the same time retirement housing are limited. Which entails that a large portion of the elderly are in the main housing market, where there is a shortage of housing. An option to ease the problematic housing situation could be assisted living facilities. The problem with the assisted living facilities of today, is that they are often located within the city. The result of this is that many elderly people choose to remain in their current houses due to a fear of leaving the countryside and their social network behind. 

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the conditions of an assisted living facility on the countryside, define which aspects that the elderly appreciate in their home and everyday life, and finally design a visual suggestion of an assisted living facility. The applied methods were (i) literature study, (ii) area analysis and (iii) modeling of the assisted living facilities. The following questions were addressed: 

-  What are the conditions for assisted living facilities? -  How do these conditions differ between urban and rural areas? -  What aspects create quality/well-being in their own home for elderly 

people? -  How can these conditions and aspects be considered when designing 

assisted living facilities on the countryside? 

Based on the work's theoretical starting points and results, some conclusions could be made. An assisted living facility on the countryside would combine a harmonious environment and a quiet neighborhood. The form of housing would open housing opportunities for the younger generation on the countryside. Health, physical activities, and social interactions were deemed to give more well-being to the individual than the home's design. The main values of the design lay in its ability to allow the individual to live out their personality, and at the same time make the individual feel safe and secure in their home. The final result was a visual proposal for ten condominiums inspired by, among other things, Sweden's traditional one-room cottage. 

Uppvidinge kommun vill ta fram ett uppmuntransbidrag för fasadrenovering. Avsikten är att försöka bevara husens karaktär genom metod- och materialval och rapporten inriktar sig därför på byggnadsvård och varsamhetsprincipen. 

Rapporten tar fram kriterier som hjälp till kommunen för att besluta om utdelande av bidrag. Den innehåller också generell information om olika fasad- och takmaterial samt fönster. Rapporten och kommunens önskemål sammanfattas i en broschyr som kan användas som informationsspridning till intresserade fastighetsägare.

Rapporten använder sig dessutom av en enkät för att undersöka människors attityd och kunskaper kring fasader och renovering.

This work shows a design proposal of a modern recycling house, which is developed to ease waste sorting in a community, based on architectural och technical functions. The work is based on the constantly growing environmental issues that affects planet earth. Waste sorting och recycling are two important factors that have to be further developed to contribute to a reduced climate change.

The study is based on previous produced theories, observations, surveys and interviews with experts in different areas. The results shows that a recycling house with no front or back and without entrance, makes it easier for people to engage in waste sorting.

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to enhance the understanding of architects’ perceptions of the propensityto adopt innovations in building construction.

Design/methodology/approach – Based on a theoretical underpinning of the multilevel perspective on socio-technical transitions, a web-based questionnaire (n = 412) was used to empirically investigate Swedish architects’ perceptions of innovativeness in the building construction industry. Specifically, the study looks at perceptions of the level of innovativeness (propensity to adopt innovations), relevant barriers to the adoption of innovations, the influence of different actors and ways of facilitating innovativeness.

Findings – Architects perceive a low level of innovativeness in the Swedish building construction industry because of a number of barriers of varying relevance. These barriers belong to interwoven regulative,normative and cognitive rules (i.e. institutions) that guide actor behaviour, which contribute to the path dependency of the industry. The site-specific nature of building construction, promotional activities from suppliers and the level of competition in the industry is perceived as being of little relevance. The findings suggest that a number of interventions are necessary to facilitate innovativeness of the Swedish construction industry. To change the lock-in mechanisms of the established cognitive and normative rules, regulative rulesneed to change as well. According to architects, contractors and construction clients are the most influentialand therefore have the most power to change the rules associated with path dependency.

Research limitations/implications – The focus on a single construction professional in Sweden necessitates a discussion on these perceptions from the standpoint of other actors.

Practical implications – Architects perceive a need for change in the construction industry and suggestthat changed regulative rules can help overcome path dependency and facilitate innovativeness. Considering the strong interrelatedness of the lock-in mechanisms that guide the actors of the industry, policies may be needed to encourage and support the establishment for more sustainable development.

Originality/value – A multilevel perspective is used to analyse the type of barriers to innovativeness that the architects perceive as relevant and how they contribute to the resistance to change and path dependency in the building construction sector.

Every car trip starts and ends in a parking lot. For a long time, society has been designed with car accessibility in mind, which has contributed to the fact that there is now more parking space in Sweden than living space. The average car spends 97 percent of its life parked, necessitating extensive parking planning. As a result, parking spaces are not considered to promote sustainable land use, as advocated in Agenda 2030's global goals. By reducing parking space promotion, available land can be used for new housing, green areas, and a vibrant urban environment.

Växjö is currently in an expansion phase, with the Project Crossways designed for the development of the new district Bäckaslöv. The Crossways project will serve as a center for innovation and development in order to achieve sustainability and global goals. As a result, it is critical to make the best use of the available land. The study's goal is to look into the possibility of reducing parking numbers for the property Bäckaslöv 1 by implementing sustainable parking and mobility solutions. Furthermore, the goal is to establish a link between sustainable mobility and urban development from a social, ecological, and economic standpoint.

The results are based on the fact that the parking number can be influenced because Växjö municipality has adopted flexible parking numbers in its parking policy. The study discovered that the fundamental components for achieving sustainable land use and societal development are solutions between parking, mobility, and tools for changing travel habits. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that by implementing parking and mobility solutions, it is possible to reduce the number of parking spaces for the Bäckaslöv 1 property. To look at the journey perspective, however, high demands must be placed on parking and mobility solutions, which means that it should be easy to get to and from destination points in a sustainable way without using a car.

Syftet med arbetet är att ta reda på om det går att bygga fram identitet. Även att ta fram ett förslag som uttrycker identitet.

Två aspekter som är viktiga för att skapa ett välmående bostadsområde är identitet och karaktär. Områdens identitet handlar om struktur och strukturen behöver vara unik och igenkännbar. Identitet ska spegla något som är minnesvärt för platsen. De faktorer som påverkar skapelsen av positiv identitet tas upp i teorikapitlet. Där studeras bland annat byggnadens utformning, materialval samt ljusinsläpp men också byggnadernas omgivande miljö och hur grönområden påverkar människans hälsa. Samspelet mellan byggnader och utemiljön studeras också. Förslaget ritas som en visualiseringsmodell där identiteten avgränsas till den yttre miljön där utformningen på byggnaderna och omgivningen studeras.

This paper deals with the analysis of 21-storeyed cast in-situ reinforced concrete high-rise building. Two different 3D models were created, because of two considered values of subsoil stiffness coefficient -fixed structure (alt. 1) and the structure supported by elastic soil (alt. 2). For both alternatives of foundation of structure, required analyses (static and dynamic) were done and obtained results were compared in this paper. Short description of the structure, applied loads and other input parameters are also mentioned here. The main purpose of this analysis was to provide more information to planning engineers about the behaviour of structure exposed the wind load or seismic load when different soil conditions were considered.

Earlier studies in the context of windows and blinds selection have mostly tried to increase the awareness regarding various effects of windows and blinds selection on subjective well-being, including their effect on visual comfort, thermal comfort, energy consumption and life cycle cost. However, the main problem is the potential conflicts between visual comfort, thermal comfort, energy consumption and life cycle cost. Increased awareness about the contradictory effect of windows and blinds selection on subjective well-being on one hand and lack of a feasible method in managing the conflicts on the other hand may bind individuals, as decision-makers, in a situation where they follow the immediate economic benefits rather than the long-term visual and thermal benefits. To solve the mentioned problem, this study analysed first the degree of the conflicts between average daylight illuminance and total energy consumption in Sweden. This decision was made due to large variation in solar elevation angle and solar intensity between summer and winter in Sweden, which has significant effects on daylight illuminance and total energy consumption. Analysing the conflicts was accomplished by developing two multivariate linear regression models for calculating average daylight illuminance and total energy consumption. Comparison and analysis of the multivariate linear regression models showed the existence of a high degree of conflicts, which makes window and blind selection a rather complex multidimensional problem. Specifying the degree of the conflicts formed a hypothesis as: “A multi criteria decision-making method increases the controllability and manages the conflicts in selecting windows and blinds”. The developed hypothesis was later tested by employing analytical hierarchy process, as widely used multi criteria decisionmaking method. The analytical hierarchy process prioritizes decision-maker’ preferences and introduces a desired trade-off solution. The results of employing analytical hierarchy process showed the capability of it in managing the conflicts among visual comfort, thermal comfort, energy consumption and life cycle cost. Finally, the application of the analytical hierarchy process was expanded by integrating it with nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-II, as an optimization algorithm. Through this integration, optimization algorithm combines windows’ and blinds’ design variables and analyses a large number of solutions, while analytical hierarchy process ranks the solutions based on decision-makers’ preferences and introduces a desired trade-off solution. The integration between analytical hierarchy process and the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-II was presented later as a conceptual framework. The developed conceptual framework can be used for selecting windows and blinds II in both residential and commercial buildings. In selecting windows and blinds, the conceptual framework is a novel solution to the lack of a feasible method for increasing the controllability for decision-makers and obtaining a desired trade-off solution.

The selection of the most appropriate window and blind design is a challenging task due to the existence of potential conflicts between visual comfort, thermal comfort, energy consumption and life cycle cost. Resolving these conflicts relies on a trade-off window and blind design. This research applied a decision-making framework to select a trade-off window and blind design for an office room in Sweden. The decision-making framework was developed based on integrating the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II and the analytical hierarchy process. The first step in the application of the framework was to generate a model of the office room using EnergyPlus. Six types of window and four types of blind; an internal venetian blind, an internal roller curtain, an external venetian blind and an external overhang panel, were modelled in EnergyPlus. The second step was to run an optimisation using non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II. For this purpose, various window and blind design variables were specified in modeFRONTIER platform. The third and last step in the application of the decision-making framework was to select a trade-off window and blind design using analytical hierarchy process. The results show the strength of the decision-making framework in selecting a trade-off design, and thereby the ability to resolve conflicts through intelligent use of simulation in analyzing big-data in built environment, energy and cost sectors. Since, the computation and processing power for performing simulations is constantly increasing, architects and designers can exploit the decision-making framework and locate a trade-off design in a relatively short period of time.

European Energy Performance of Building Directive (EPBD) defined a target as all new constructed buildings within the EU region must be a zero-energy building by the end of 2020. Furthermore, all European countries must ensure the minimum comfort threshold in energy calculations. Reducing energy consumption and improving indoor comfort, including visual and thermal com-fort, can contribute to economic benefits. However, the main problem is the exi-tance of conflicts among visual comfort, thermal comfort, energy consumption and life cycle cost. To solve the abovementioned problem and to fulfil the EPBD’s target, this study aims to apply an integration between BIM, optimiza-tion and Analytical Hierarchy Process as a multi-criteria decision-making method on an office building in Sweden. Accordingly, 3 types of windows and 5 types of external wall, ground floor and external roof constructions were specified as op-timization variables. The combination between the optimization variables gener-ated 375 design alternatives. The performance of all 375 design alternatives were evaluated with respect to visual comfort, thermal comfort, energy consumption and life cycle cost. Later, AHP was used to find a trade-off design alternative. The results show that the combination between window type 1, external wall type 5, ground floor type 1 and external roof type 5 is the trade-off design alternative. Furthermore, the results show the integration enables to solve the abovemen-tioned conflicts and to fulfil the EPBD’s target.

Window blinds have a substantial role in shaping the energy consumption and improving thermal comfort and visual comfort. However, difficulties in selecting a window blind remain, due to existence of potential conflicts between visual, thermal, energy and life cycle cost. To overcome this problem, this study evaluates the performance of interior blinds, including venetian with slat of 0° and 45°, roller and double pleated blinds with respect to visual, thermal, energy and life cycle cost. Later, the Analytical hierarchy method (AHP) is used for selecting the best blind based on trade-off among the visual, thermal, energy and life cycle cost. In using AHP, visual comfort is determined as most important objective with a weight of 52%. The results show that venetian blind with slat of 0° drawn 100% is the trade-off blind. Accomplishing the sensitivity analysis on blinds’ global weight shows that venetian blind with slat of 0° drawn 100% remains the trade-off blind until the weight of energy and life cycle cost is below 37% and 57% respectively and the weight of visual comfort is above 4%. However, changing thermal comfort weight has no impact on ranking of the blinds. This study shows the capability of AHP in managing the conflicts.

Windows and blinds play a significant role in both shaping energy consumption and enhancing indoor comfort. But there are still difficulties with selecting windows and blinds due to the existence of potential conflicts between visual comfort, thermal comfort, energy consumption and life cycle cost. A literature review was conducted with the purpose of developing a decision-making framework that resolves the conflicts, and allows selecting a window and blind design based on trade-off between visual comfort, thermal comfort, energy consumption and life cycle cost. The decision-making framework was developed by integrating non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II as an optimisation algorithm with analytical hierarchy process as a multi-criteria decision-making method. The optimisation algorithm considers different window and blind design variables and analyses multiple designs, while the multi-criteria decision-making method ranks the optimization results and selects a trade-off design. An operating package enabled the decision-making framework to be automated. The operating package was obtained by coupling EnergyPlus as a simulation tool and modeFRONTIER as an integration platform. The decision-making framework was developed to select a trade-off window and blind design through intelligent use of simulation in analysing big-data in built environment, energy and cost sectors. Application of the framework ensures the minimum visual and thermal comfort thresholds with the lowest energy demand and cost. Architects and designers can use the framework during the design or renovation phase of residential and commercial buildings.

Window design and the selection of glazing system have significant effect on daylight illuminance. Occupants’ productivity is highly dependent on daylight, as it associates with numerous health advantages. Hence conducting a systematic investigation considering the performance of various window designs and glazing systems is highly important at the early stage of design process. For this purpose, this study attempts to develop a multivariate linear regression model for estimating the average daylight illuminance. To perform the simulations, an office room prototype was modelled by COMFEN 5Beta software. The prototype is a hypothetical office room, as its size, HVAC system and envelopes construction are based on the common practice in construction in Sweden. Because average daylight illuminance is sensitive to window size, orientation, glazing system, design model and position, 544 simulations were performed based on thses variable to create an extensive dataset.  A multivariate linear regression model was developed based on 90% dataset, which was chosen randomly. The obtained R² value was exceeded 96%, which shows an excellent fit for the developed model. The interaction between variables was also studied. The remaining 10% of dataset was utilized for validating the developed model. The validity of the model was further compared with another multivariate linear regression model, developed based on 50% of the dataset.The results show the effectiveness of multivariate linear regression models in supporting architects and predicting average daylight illuminance in early stage of design analysis.

Windows as essential elements of buildings have a significant effect on total energy consumption, including heating and cooling demand in Sweden. A statistical reliable model for estimating the total energy consumption associated with various window designs and glazing systems helps architects and designers in the early stage of the design process. Most of the introduced models in literature utilized a mathematic sampling algorithm such as Monte Carlo to develop a simple linear regression model for estimating the total energy consumption. A simple linear regression model cannot describe the effect of different groups of a categorical variable. Hence this study considers four variables related to the window characteristics, including window size, design model, orientation, glazing system and develops a categorical multiple linear regression model for estimating the total energy consumption. 544 simulations were performed by COMFEN Beta5 software. The results were used as a database for developing a categorical multiple linear regression model. The accuracy of developed model was studied by the coefficient of determination, R- square value (R²). The obtained R² exceeded by 94%. Furthermore, the predicted total energy consumptions obtained by the developed regression model were compared with the simulated values by COMFEN software. Results show a strong linear relationship between predicted and simulated values.  Developed multivariate linear regression model can be utilized in early stage of design process for estimating the total energy consumption associated with various window designs and glazing systems.

Sweden passed legislation to achieve a target of net zero greenhouse gas emissions by the end of 2045. The Energy Performance of Building Directive further obliged European countries to ensure zero-energy building codes and improve the quality of indoor environments when buildings are renovated, as approximately 40% of total greenhouse gas emissions in Sweden are produced while heating buildings. Windows currently play a significant role in improving the quality of indoor environments and cutting total energy consumption, thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating environmental impact. Selecting a suitable window design is a complicated task compounded by two main difficulties: i) the availability of multiple window designs, each with a different glazing system, size, form and position; and ii) conflict between visual comfort, thermal comfort and energy consumption. Previous studies have primarily analysed a limited selection of window designs; however, analysing a wide variety of glazing systems, sizes, forms and positions will help resolve the abovementioned difficulties, thereby ensuring zero-energy building codes while improving the quality of an indoor environment. A multi-objective optimization was therefore completed to analyse the performance of a wide variety of window design variables and select suitable designs for an office room in Sweden. The results show the potential of multi-objective optimisation to resolve the difficulties of selecting suitable window designs.

This study examines how a pleasent office can be designed to promote health, well-being and work efficiency. The study aims to provide office workers with an insight into their work situation and how it affects them. Also how companies, thru architectural- and design features can create a supportive office environment. 

The study adresses the following questions: "What qualitites in architecture and interior design are the most important for good health, well-being and work efficiency at an office?" and "Which office type is the most preferable according to the results of the study?". 

Based on the implemented theory, survey and interview, the study identifies the modern cell office with a permanent workplace as the most adventageous type. Additionally, the hybrid office with cell office influences combined with a permanent workplace is an advantageous type in relation to good health, well-being and work efficiency.

An example of an office has been created where the highest grade possible is achieved. This from a rating template that is based on the results of the study. Designing an office is a complex task that requires fulfilment of various aspects to reach a good grade and therefore, a pleasant office. 

The work aims to increase knowledge of the medieval roof structures and how they are built. By making an inventory and building survey of two roof structures in medieval churches. The result of the study is intended to increase knowledge of this type of building, its cultural-historical values ​​and provide a basis for long-term and sustainable management. The two churches are Drevs gamla kyrka (The old church of Drev) and Hemmesjös gamla kyrka (The old church of Hemmesjö), both are in Småland Sweden. The churches are well-preserved and have a history to tell through themselves. The study was possible through onsite study, article study and two interviews with Samuel Palmblad, Kulturparken Småland and Mattias Hallgren, Traditionsbärarna. The results have shown that the churches are built in a Romanic style which is an architectural expression on a building technology used during the early medieval time (12th century), with one part of the old church of Hemmesjö being built by using a later found building technology also called gothic style which was more common during late medieval time. During the interviews it was mentioned that these churches are heritage to Sweden and therefore need to be treated accordingly. There is still knowledge to be found and understood which will help with the preservation of the churches and their historical value. If the knowledge does not exist, there can be faults that happen which means that the values can be lost or misused which will lead to the destruction of a part of history. With little to no documents from the time they were built, it will be difficult to maintain for the people who work with the preservation if responsibility is not taken to learn more about these churches. 

This study will look at the importance of preserving these churches and their roof constructions with the help of explaining the building technology and the culture-historical values. 

Byggnadssektorn står idag för en betydande del av den totala konsumerade energin i världen. God och hälsosam livsmiljö kan uppnås med ökad användning av förnybara energikällor. Ett essentiellt kriterium är att integrera solceller i byggnader. Lindholmens Tekniska Gymnasium är i behov utav nya lokaler, där efterfrågas en integration av solceller i byggnadens klimatskal.

Solcellsprodukter utformas ofta med fokus på energiproduktionen, och inte på deras design. Vid en lyckad integration skall den estetiska kravbilden så som den funktionella och tekniska uppfyllas. Detta skall göras med hänsyn till den arkitektoniska kvaliteten.

I den här rapporten framställs ett förslag till valet av solceller, med syftet att påvisa en integrering av solceller ur ett arkitektoniskt fördelaktigt perspektiv.