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  • 1. Ala-Juusela, M.
    et al.
    Paiho, S.
    Tommerup, H.
    Svendsen, S.
    Mahapatra, Krushna
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för teknik och hållbar utveckling.
    Gustavsson, Leif
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för teknik och hållbar utveckling.
    Haavik, T.
    Aabrekk, S.
    Successful sustainable renovation business for single-family houses2010In: SB10, Sustainable Community, Espoo, Finland, September 22-24, 2010, 2010Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 2.
    Alriksson, Stina
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Conjoint analysis as a tool for communication and corporate environmental decision-making2008Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Conjoint analysis has been used extensively in marketing, transportation and healthcare for the past 50 years. Since the mid-1990s, it has also been applied to an increasing number of environmental issues. In this thesis, conjoint analysis is applied to environmental objectives of the Swedish steel industry. The aim of the research project has been to develop a method for eliciting stakeholder preferences for environmental issues and to present the results to the stakeholders through the multivariate data analysis method of partial least squares regression.

    This licentiate thesis is based on three studies: a literature review of all conjoint studies conducted on environmental issues, a pilot study in which a new method was developed, and a main study where this method was tested on four environmental objectives of the Swedish steel industry. Up to the present, 109 environmental conjoint studies have been carried out. Recently, studies in environ¬mental economy have dominated, with investigators trying to estimate a mone¬tary value on environmental values or products. The problem selection has varied widely, from ecosystem management and green products to waste and risk management.

    One trend among environmental conjoint studies has been to use conjoint methods that report results at a group level. In the pilot study here, conjoint analysis was combined with partial least squares regression to enable presentation of results at individual level. The benefit of individual-level results is that they can be used to initiate a dialogue between an industry and its stakeholders, as well as between different stakeholder groups. The presentation mode also allows the researcher to find segments of respondents that think alike, although perhaps from different groups. In the pilot study, cluster analysis was used successfully to find hidden segments among the respondents.

    In the main study, the method from the pilot study was used to elicit preferences for four environmental objectives of the Swedish steel industry: reduced use of non-renewable energy, reduced use of non-renewable resources, decreased emission of carbon dioxide and weight reduction of products. Six stakeholder groups participated in the study, and the results showed that decreased emission of carbon dioxide was the environmental objective that most participants prioritised highest. Lowest priority was given to weight reduction of products.

    Conjoint analysis combined with multivariate data analysis methods such as partial least squares regression, principal component analysis and cluster analysis has been verified as an effective method for eliciting stake¬holder preferences on industry-wide environmental issues.

  • 3. Andersson, B L
    et al.
    Carlsson, Bo
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Monitoring of climatic/environmental data at the Swedish National Testing Institute in Borås1989Report (Other academic)
  • 4. Andersson, I
    et al.
    Bylander, S A
    Wernståhl, K
    Carlsson, Bo
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Routines for calibration and control of equipment for artificial weathering testing at the Swedish National Testing Institute1989In: Proc. of Colloquium on Artificial Weathering, SP Nov, Borås, Sweden, 1989Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 5. Andersson, J
    et al.
    Bjurström, Henrik
    Azoulay, M
    Carlsson, Bo
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of the Kinetics of the Sorption of Water Vapour by Silica Gel1985In: Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 1: Physcal Chemistry in Condensed Phases, Vol. 81, p. 2681-2692Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The kinetics and mechanism of the sorption reaction between water vapour and silica gel have been investigated in the pressure range 1–50 Torr using thermogravimetry under controlled temperature and water-vapour pressure. Measurements at equilibrium were carried out in order to determine the pertinent equilibrium parameters and the extent of hysteresis. The influence of particle radius and temperature on the kinetics in the whole of the pressure range investigated are well described by theoretical curves fitted to experimental data by taking into account simultaneous mass- and heat-transfer. Calculations yield a diffusivity of 8 × 10–10 m2 s–1. The sorption kinetics in the pressure range 15–40 Torr are shown to be controlled by heat transfer. 

  • 6. Azoulay, M
    et al.
    Carlsson, Bo
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Chemical Substances for Heat-of-Sorption Storage - Thermodynamic Data for some Solid/Gas Phase Dissociation Reactions1982Report (Other academic)
  • 7.
    Beckeman, Klara
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Miljöeffekter vid ändrad ytbehandling på ITT Water & Wastewater2008Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 points / 15 hpStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    ITT Water & Wastewater will perhaps change the surface treatment method of the pumps to improve the elimination of the rust attacks the pumps get affected by today. The task for this degree project is to analyze and describe the effects of the environment caused by the new surface treatment methods the company investigates.The aim with the project is to develop groundwork and a recommendation on which of the surface treatment ITT Water & Wastewater should choose from an environmental point of view.The methods that have been studied are:

    • Iron phosphatising + electro coating

    • Zinc manganese phosphatising + electro coating

    • Oxsilan + electro coating

    These methods have been compared to the no-action alternative, which means today’s process continuing unchanged.The studied effects on the environment of the different methods are:

    • Emission to air and water

    • Waste

    • Energy

    From the three new methods and the no-action alternative, Oxsilan followed by electro coating is the alternative that causes least effects of the environment. The method has no emissions of VOC to air, it doesn´t cause any hazardous waste and the waste created is a small amount. The energy consumption is also less than for the other studied methods.

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  • 8. Bengtsson, L
    et al.
    Bendz, D
    Hogland, William
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Rosquist, H
    Åkesson, M
    Water balance for landfills of different age1994In: Journal of Hydrology, ISSN 0022-1694, E-ISSN 1879-2707, Vol. 158, no 3-4, p. 203-217Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Water-related processes in landfills are discussed with emphasis on internal processes such as field capacity, moisture variation in time and space, and macropore flow. Runoff production and evaporation from landfills in Sweden of different age are investigated. It is clarified in what ways and for how long a closed municipal landfill differs from an ordinary land area from a hydrological point of view. 

  • 9. Berg, Jørn. E
    et al.
    GLT-avfall, GLT-avfall
    Marika, Hogland
    Hogland, William
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Hvorfor grave ut "gammel moro"?2009In: Kretsløpet - Tidsskrift for avfall og gjenvinning, Vol. dec, no 6, p. 25-27Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 10.
    Bergbäck, Bo
    et al.
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Borg, Lars
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Försurningens inverkan på upptaget av magnesium- och kalciumjoner hos gran1990Report (Other academic)
  • 11. Berndtsson, R.
    et al.
    Hogland, William
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Dator-modellering för bestämning av bräddning - Ett nytt Hjälpmedel vid Upprättandet av Saneringsplaner1985In: Vann, ISSN 0042-2592, Vol. 20, no 2, p. 107-112Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 12. Berndtsson, R.
    et al.
    Hogland, William
    Lunds Universitet.
    Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Urban Discharge to Small River Basins in the South West of Sweden1983In: Nordic Hydrology, Vol. 14, no 3, p. 155-166Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 13. Berndtsson, R
    et al.
    Hogland, William
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Larsson, M
    Niemczynowicz, J
    Aspects of computer modelling techniques for a semi-arid small catchment in Tunisia, Urban Drainage Modeling1986In: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Comparison of Urban Drainage Models with Real Catchment Data, UDM'86, Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia: Pergamon Press , 1986, p. 285-291Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 14. Bjurström, Henrik
    et al.
    Carlsson, Bo
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    11. The Effect of Enhancing the Thermal Conductivity of the Sorbent Bed in a Chemical Heat Pump1984In: Part of doctoral thesis "Heat Storage and Heat Transfer in a Chemical Heat Pump - The Water Vapour - Silica Gel Adsorption System", by Henrik Bjurström, TRITA-FYK-8403, Department of Physical Chemistry Royal Institute of Technology, Stock¬holmArticle in journal (Other academic)
  • 15. Bjurström, Henrik
    et al.
    Carlsson, Bo
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    2. Heat and mass transfer characteristics of thermochemical heat storage media - Quantitative charac-terization of the system of the heat-of sorption system water vapour /silica gel - Exergy analysis of sensible and latent heat storage media; Research report for the Swedish Council for Building Re-search for project BFR 810316-31984Report (Other academic)
  • 16.
    Bjurström, Henrik
    et al.
    Department of Physical Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, S-100 44 Stockholm 70, Sweden.
    Carlsson, Bo
    Department of Physical Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, S-100 44 Stockholm 70, Sweden.
    An Exergy Analysis of Sensibel and Latent Heat Storage1985In: Journal of Heat Recovery Systems, ISSN 0198-7593, Vol. 5, no 3, p. 233-250Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    An analysis of sensible and latent heat storage units is performed in both energy and exergy terms. The stores are compared, through variation of design parameters for both charging and discharging in order to find exergy extrema, i.e. operating conditions that maximize the exergy yield in the transfer of heat to and from the stores. Reference is made to the stratified sensible heat store.

    The overall conversion efficiency for the thermal exergy supplied by the heat source to the heat load via the heat store is of the order of 10% at NTU = 1. The stratified store is the most efficient at high NTU values.

    For the charging operation there exists exergy extrema for both the well-mixed sensible store and the PCM store. An energy analysis of the charging of the PCM store shows that the transition temperature should be low. From an exergetic point of view the transition temperature should be the geometric mean of the charging and the initial temperatures, if the charging temperature is fixed. When the end temperature of a store in a changing operation is fixed the transition temperature should be low. Charging with a constant heating rate is advantageous if the transition temperature is low. No optimal stopping time can be recognized for the discharging operation. The merit of a high exergy content is that of a high thermal power during discharging. This favours a PCM store with a high transition temperature. 

  • 17. Bjurström, Henrik
    et al.
    Carlsson, Bo
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    The importance of heat transfer in a chemical heat pump utilizing a gas - solid sorption reaction1983In: Proc. 3rd Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer Conference April, Miami Beach, USA, 1983Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 18. Bjurström, Henrik
    et al.
    Karawacki, E
    Carlsson, Bo
    Department of Physical Chemistry, The Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm.
    Thermal Conductivity of a Microporous Particulate Medium1984In: International journal of heat and mass transfer, Vol. 27, no 11, p. 2025-2036Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A systematic study of the thermal conductivity of beds of moist silica gel is presented. The influence of porosity, water content, total gas pressure and temperature is determined through measurements under transient conditions with the transient hot-strip (THS) method and under static conditions in a bench-scale reactor. The predictions of the effective thermal conductivity of the beds from four different simple models (Russell, geometric mean value, unit-cell model and stochastic model) agree reasonably well with the experimental results. The unit-cell model is extended in order to account for the water sorbed in the micropores and describes satisfactorily the dependency of the effective thermal conductivity on the water content. 

  • 19. Börjesson, Pål
    et al.
    Gustavsson, Leif
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för teknik, fysik och matematik.
    Biomass transportation1996In: Renewable energy, energy efficiency and the environment: World Renewable Energy Congress, 15-21 June 1996, Denver, Colorado, USA, 1996, p. 1033-1036Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Extensive utilisation of logging residues, straw, and energy crops will lead to short transportation distances and thus low transportation costs. The average distance of transportation of biomass to a large-scale conversion slant. suitable for electricitv or methanol uroduction using 300 000 drv tonne biomass vearlv, will be about 30 km in Sweden, if the conversion plant is located at the centre of ihe biomass production area. The estimated Swedish biomass potential of 430 PJ/yr is based on production conditions around 2015, assuming that 30% of the available arable land is used for energy crop production. With present production conditions, resulting in a biomass potential of 220 PJ/yr, the transportation distance is about 42 km. The cost of transporting biomass 30-42 km will be equivalent to 20-25% of the total biomass cost. The total energy efficiency of biomass production and transportation will be 9597%, where the energy losses from transportation are about 20%. Biomass transportation will contribute less than 10% to the total NO,, CO, and HC emissions from biomass production, transportation, and conversion

  • 20. Börjesson, Pål
    et al.
    Gustavsson, Leif
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för teknik, fysik och matematik.
    Greenhouse Gas Balances in Building Construction: Wood versus Concrete from Lifecycle and Forest Land-Use Perspectives2000In: Energy Policy, ISSN 0301-4215, E-ISSN 1873-6777, Vol. 28, no 9, p. 575-588Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 21. Börjesson, Pål
    et al.
    Gustavsson, Leif
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för teknik, fysik och matematik.
    Greenhouse Gas Emission from Building Construction in a Life-Cycle Perspective: Wood or Concrete?1998In: Proceedings of the 1998 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings: ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings ; 10 : 1998, Washington: American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy , 1998Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 22. Börjesson, Pål
    et al.
    Gustavsson, Leif
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för teknik, fysik och matematik.
    Reduction of CO2 emissions from changed land use and substitution of biomass for fossil fuels1997In: International Conference on Technologies for Activities Implemented Jointly 1997, Vancouver, British Columbia: Technologies for activities implemented jointly ; proceedings of the conference, 26th - 29th May 1997, Vancouver, Canada, Amsterdam: Elsevier , 1997, p. 777-Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 23. Börjesson, Pål
    et al.
    Gustavsson, Leif
    Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för teknik, fysik och matematik.
    Regional Production and Utilization of Biomass in Sweden1996In: Energy, ISSN 0360-5442, E-ISSN 1873-6785, Vol. 21, no 9, p. 747-764Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 24. Börjesson, Pål
    et al.
    Gustavsson, Leif
    Christersson, L
    Linder, S
    Future Production and Utilisation of Biomass in Sweden: potentials and CO~2 mitigation1997In: Biomass and Bioenergy, ISSN 0961-9534, E-ISSN 1873-2909, Vol. 13, no 6, p. 399-412Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 25.
    Carlsson, Bo
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    1. Storage of low temperature heat in salthydrate melts - Studies of materials and heat exchange techniques - Short term storage of solar: Summary research report for the Swedish Council for Building Research for project BFR750016-8, 1979-821983Report (Other academic)
  • 26.
    Carlsson, Bo
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    3. Phase Change Behaviour of some Heat-of-Fusion Storage Media Based on Calcium Chloride Hexa-hydrate - Research report for the Swedish Council for Building Research for project BFR 840598-41984Report (Other academic)
  • 27.
    Carlsson, Bo
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Calculation of the Thermal Performance of a Heat-of-Fusion Storage Unit1980Report (Other academic)
  • 28.
    Carlsson, Bo
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Commercial Heating and Cooling (Chairmen's Reports and Recommendations)1985In: Proc. of IEA-Workshop on Latent Heat Stores - Technology and Applications March 1984, Jul-Spez-297, 1985Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 29.
    Carlsson, Bo
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Natural Sciences.
    Importance of end-of-life cost for a product life cycle in the choice between copper and aluminium2010In: Proceedings Linnaeus Eco-Tech' 10 : [book of abstracts] : international conference on natural sciences and technologies for waste and wastewater treatment remediation emissions related to climate environmental and economic effects : the seventh International Conference on the Establishment of Cooperation between Companies and Institutions in the Nordic Countries, the Baltic Sea Region and the World, 2010Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    A total cost accounting approach was used to analyse the suitability of copper and aluminium as winding material for transformers, using available data from the Ecoinvent database. It could be concluded that the use of recycled metal is a necessary requisite for sustainability. Using cost data for energy and materials and reasonable assumptions about costs for labour and interest for the metal supplier and the product manufacturer, the copper alternative turns out to be the better choice, especially when the expected increase in the prices of energy, copper, and aluminium during life cycle is taken into account.

    When considering environmental cost, useful indicators are those that can be expressed in cost terms. With the Ecoindicator 99 indicator as the basis for estimating environmental cost, the aluminium alternative is better than the copper alternative. However, the contribution of the environmental cost to the total cost has minor importance when compared with the effect you get from the negative cost contribution from the end-of-life phase. Therefore, the copper alternative is the better choice in terms of least total cost in the application considered.

    From the study it could also be concluded that the total cost accounting approach would be a valuable design tool, when comparing two design alternatives of a product functional unit to decide which of the two is the more favourable from a sustainability point of view.

  • 30.
    Carlsson, Bo
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Methods for service life prediction of potential interest for the application area of solar heating and cooling1987In: Proc. of IEA Task X Workshop May 1987, Tokyo, Japan, 1987Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 31.
    Carlsson, Bo
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Possibilities of Conversion and Conservation of Energy Using Thermochemical Reactions1980In: Proc. IVA-International Seminar on Thermochemical Energy Storage Jan, 1980Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 32.
    Carlsson, Bo
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Research and development of latent heat storage systems - A historical review1986Report (Other academic)
  • 33.
    Carlsson, Bo
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Natural Sciences.
    Total cost as suitable indicator in realization of more sustainable product life cycles regarding utilization of natural abiotic resources2010In: International Journal of Sustainable Development, ISSN 0960-1406, E-ISSN 1741-5268, Vol. 3, no 3, p. 36-59Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A total cost accounting approach was used to analyse the suitability of copper and aluminium as winding material for transformers with respect to sustainability, using available data from the Ecoinvent database. It could be concluded that repeated recycling of metal is a necessary requisite to obtain product element life cycles exhibiting a high degree of sustainability. Using cost data for energy and materials and reasonable assumptions about costs for labour and interest for the metal supplier and the product manufacturer, the copper alternative turns out to be the better choice, especially when the expected increase in the prices of energy, copper, and aluminium during life cycle is taken into account.

    From the study it could be concluded that the total cost accounting approach would be a valuable tool for assessing the degree of sustainability of a product life cycle, in particular, regarding use of natural abiotic resources such as metals.

  • 34.
    Carlsson, Bo
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Towards a methodology for accelerated life testing of solar energy materials - A case studie of some selctive solar absorber coatings1990In: Proc. of IES 36th ATM Apr, New Orleans, 1990Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 35.
    Carlsson, Bo
    et al.
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    al, et
    Survey of service life prediction methods for materials in solar heating and cooling1988Report (Other academic)
  • 36.
    Carlsson, Bo
    et al.
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Bjurström, Henrik
    The Case of the Silica Gel - Water System1982In: TRITA-FYK--8201, Colloquium: Dynamics of solid/gas processes for energy conversion Oct, Stockholm, 1982Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 37.
    Carlsson, Bo
    et al.
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Bjurström, Henrik
    Andersson, J
    Fujii, I
    Characterizing heat and mass transfer properties of thermochemical heat storage media1982Report (Other academic)
  • 38.
    Carlsson, Bo
    et al.
    Department of Physical Chemistry, The Royal Institute of Technology, S - 100 44 Stockholm 70 Sweden.
    Leygraf, Christoffer
    Hultquist, Gunnar
    Studies of the Photochromic Properties of the System CuCl(s)-H2O(l) Using Auger Electron Spectroscopy1977In: Journal of Photochemistry, Vol. 7, no 1, p. 51-58Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The photochromic disproportionation of Cu+ into Cu2+ and Cu0 has been studied in the system CuCl(s)---H2O(l) by obtaining Auger electron spectroscopy measurements of copper in CuCl. The MMM Auger spectrum of CuCl consists mainly of one broad peak with a maximum at an energy 4 eV lower than the two main peaks in the spectrum of metallic copper. In photochromic coloured CuCl only one additional peak appears within the energy range of the peaks of metallic copper, but in the spectrum of CuCl exposed to a concentrated electron beam both metallic copper peaks are visible. This provides experimental evidence that photochemically produced metallic copper clusters in CuCl are extremely small compared with the metallic copper particles formed during electron exposure.

  • 39.
    Carlsson, Bo
    et al.
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Neretnieks, I
    Wettermark, Gunnar
    Sätt och anordning att nyttiggörande de fotoniska egenskaperna hos solljus för alstring av högtemperaturvärme1976Patent (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 40.
    Carlsson, Bo
    et al.
    Division of Physical Chemistry, The Royal Institute of Technology, S-100 44 Stockholm 70 Sweden.
    Schmidt, Anders
    Reflux Boiling Direct Contact Heat Exchanging in Heat-of-Fusion Storage Using Salt Hydrates1981In: Proc. Second World Congress of Chemical Engineering, Montreal, Canada Oct. Volume II, 1981Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 41.
    Carlsson, Bo
    et al.
    Division of Physical Chemistry, The Royal Institute of Technology, S-100 44 Stockholm 70 Sweden.
    Schmidt, Anders
    Storage of Low-Temperature Heat in Salt Hydrate Melts - The long-term performance of a heat-of-fusion storage unit based on Calcium Chloride Hexahydrate1981Report (Other academic)
  • 42.
    Carlsson, Bo
    et al.
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Schmidt, Anders
    The Use of Refrigerants for Reflux Boiling Direct Contact Heat Exchanging in Heat-of-Fusion Stor-age Using Salt Hydrates1984In: Proc. of 6th Alternative Energy Sources Conf (Hemisphere Publishing Corporation) Dec; F1: Volume 1, Miami Beach, USA, 1984Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 43.
    Carlsson, Bo
    et al.
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Schmidt, Anders
    Györki, A
    Stymne, Hans
    Wettermark, Gunnar
    5. Experimental Characterization of the Thermal Performance of a Heat-of-Fusion Storage Unit1980In: Proc. 3rd International Solar Forum June, Hamburg, 1980Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 44.
    Carlsson, Bo
    et al.
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Schmidt, Anders
    Györki, A
    Stymne, Hans
    Wettermark, Gunnar
    Storage of Low-Temperature Heat in Salt Hydrate Melts - Experimental Characterization of the Thermal Performance of a Heat-of-Fusion Storage Unit1980Report (Other academic)
  • 45.
    Carlsson, Bo
    et al.
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Schmidt, Anders
    Ottosson, H
    Thermal Performance Testing of a Latent Heat Storage Unit1984In: Proc. of First EC Conference on Solar Heating (D. Reidel Publishing Company) May 1984, 1984, p. 910-914Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [fr]

    Présentation des résultats d'essai d'un accumulateur de chaleur latente utilisant l'hexahydrate de chlorure de calcium. Evaluation des performances thermiques mesurées à l'aide d'un modèle de transfert de chaleur quasi stationnaire 

  • 46.
    Carlsson, Bo
    et al.
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Stymne, Hans
    Wettermark, Gunnar
    A method and apparatus for storing heat1980Patent (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [en]

    The invention relates to a method and apparatus for storing heat in a heat-of-fusion storage medium, e.g. a salt hydrate, and the heat exchange and mixing in conjunction with the taking of heat from the storage medium. In a closed system including a vapor chamber (5) and a chamber for a solid/liquid phase, the storage medium (2, 4) is brought into direct contact with a substance, i.e., a heat transfer medium (3) having the capacity of taking up heat from the storage medium by being vaporized. The vapor travels to the vapor chamber (5), and when heat is removed from the vapor, the vapor is caused to condense and the condensate returns to the storage medium. The substance has insignificant solubility in the storage medium and a density which is higher, or equal to the density of the storage medium in its liquid phase. Suitable combinations of storage medium and substance include calcium chloride hexahydrate and trifluorotrichloroethane or Clauber's salt and octafluorocyclobutane. 

  • 47.
    Carlsson, Bo
    et al.
    Division of Physical Chemistry, The Royal Institute of Technology, S-100 44 Stockholm 70 Sweden.
    Stymne, Hans
    Wettermark, Gunnar
    An Incongruent Heat-of-Fusion Storage System CaCl2.6H2O Made Congruent through Modifi-cation of the Chemical Composition of the System1979In: Solar Energy, Vol. 23Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 48.
    Carlsson, Bo
    et al.
    Department of Physical Chemistry, The Royal Institute of Technology, S-100 44, Stockholm 70, Sweden.
    Stymne, Hans
    Wettermark, Gunnar
    Heat-of-Fusion Storage - Systems for Short-Term Storage of Solar Heat1978In: "Solar Energy North 50"; SEAS International Conference, Stockholm, 1978Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 49.
    Carlsson, Bo
    et al.
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Stymne, Hans
    Wettermark, Gunnar
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