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  • 1.
    Adolfsson, Zandra
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Karlsson, Michaela
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Barnvaccinationer: BHV-sjuksköterskans kommunikation och information till föräldrar. 2018Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The childhood vaccination program is the most successful medical response to public health. Despite this, there have always been negative voices about vaccination. Information about childhood vaccinations is spread quickly and easily through media and information channels, such as Facebook and YouTube. This information is not always critically reviewed and suspected sideeffects may then be overestimated. Evidence shows that there is a variety of reasons why some parents have doubt about childhood vaccination. Child Health nurse's task is to meet all parents with respect and give correct information so the parents have a decision basis for vaccination.

    A lack of communication between the Child Health nurse and the parents can contribute to increased concern, which may lead to the parents choosing to abstain from vaccination.

    Aim: The aim was to describe Child Health nurse's experiences of communicating with parents before childhood vaccinations.

    Method: Semi-structured interviews with nine Child Health nurses. The study has been analyzed using a qualitative content analysis.

    Results: The result showed that all participants in the study felt that most parents had a positive attitude towards childhood vaccination. The study showed that the Child Health nurses felt that they provided a good and distinct information to the parents. At the same time, participants believed that the dissemination of information could be improved. It showed that there are differences in when Child Health nurses present information to the parents. The participants in the study felt safe in the meeting with parents and about communication of information prior to vaccination.

    Conclusion: The study showed that Child Health nurses felt secure about communication, both with information before vaccination and in meeting hesitent parents. Child Health nurses described that they had good and distinct information within the organization.

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  • 2.
    Ahorsu, Daniel Kwasi
    et al.
    Hong Kong Polytech Univ, China.
    Imani, Vida
    Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Iran.
    Lin, Chung-Ying
    Hong Kong Polytech Univ, China.
    Timpka, Toomas
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Broström, Anders
    Jönköping University, Sweden.
    Updegraff, John A.
    Kent State Univ, USA.
    Årestedt, Kristofer
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Linnaeus University, Linnaeus Knowledge Environments, Sustainable Health. Region Kalmar county, Sweden.
    Griffiths, Mark D.
    Nottingham Trent Univ, UK.
    Pakpour, Amir H.
    Jönköping University, Sweden;Qazvin Univ Med Sci, Iran.
    Associations Between Fear of COVID-19, Mental Health, and Preventive Behaviours Across Pregnant Women and Husbands: An Actor-Partner Interdependence Modelling2022In: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, ISSN 1557-1874, E-ISSN 1557-1882, Vol. 20, p. 68-82Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The present cross-sectional study examined the actor-partner interdependence effect of fear of COVID-19 among Iranian pregnant women and their husbands and its association with their mental health and preventive behaviours during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. A total of 290 pregnant women and their husbands (N = 580) were randomly selected from a list of pregnant women in the Iranian Integrated Health System and were invited to respond to psychometric scales assessing fear of COVID-19, depression, anxiety, suicidal intention, mental quality of life, and COVID-19 preventive behaviours. The findings demonstrated significant dyadic relationships between husbands and their pregnant wives' fear of COVID-19, mental health, and preventive behaviours. Pregnant wives' actor effect of fear of COVID-19 was significantly associated with depression, suicidal intention, mental quality of life, and COVID-19 preventive behaviours but not anxiety. Moreover, a husband actor effect of fear of COVID-19 was significantly associated with depression, anxiety, suicidal intention, mental quality of life, and COVID-19 preventive behaviours. Additionally, there were significant partner effects observed for both the pregnant wives and their husbands concerning all outcomes. The present study used a cross-sectional design and so is unable to determine the mechanism or causal ordering of the effects. Also, the data are mainly based on self-reported measures which have some limitations due to its potential for social desirability and recall biases. Based on the findings, couples may benefit from psychoeducation that focuses on the effect of mental health problems on pregnant women and the foetus.

  • 3.
    Allert, Camilla
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Nilsson, Bengt
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Forestry and Wood Technology.
    Svensson, Anders
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Andersson, Ewa K
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Voluntary first responders’ experiences of being dispatched to suspected out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in rural areas: an interview study2024In: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, E-ISSN 1471-2261Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a leading cause of death, and survival outcomes vary across countries and regions. To improve survival, the European Resuscitation Council Guidelines encourage the implementation of technologies like smartphone applications to alert voluntary first responders (VFRs) who are near a suspected OHCA. VFRs are of great importance in the ´chain of survival´, but there is still a lack of knowledge about their experiences; especially of those operating in rural areas. Understanding those experiences is crucial in developing appropriate interventions to train, encourage, and safeguard VFRs in their mission. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe VFRs´ experiences of being dispatched to suspected OHCA in rural areas.

    Methods: The study used an inductive design. The data were collected using individual interviews with 16 VFRs and analysed using qualitative content analysis.

    Results: The results are presented in terms of six generic categories ‘‘Being motivated and prepared’’, ‘‘Having strategies to undertake the mission’’, ‘‘Collaborating with others’’, ‘‘Being ethically aware’’, ‘‘Supporting the family members’’, and ‘‘Coping with the mission’’, which formed the basis of the main category ‘Desire to save lives and help others’. The findings showed that VFRs had a genuine desire to contribute to save lives in this rural area. Regardless of the circumstances, they were prepared to leave everything and act to the best for the victim and their family members. In theirs’ missions they collaborated with others at the scene and were guided by ethics while they acted in complex circumstances.

    Conclusions: VFRs dispatched in rural areas express a desire to save lives. In their missions, they acted in complex situations and experienced both emotional and ethical challenges.

    The design, implementation, and evaluation of support interventions directed at VFRs should be prioritised, especially in rural areas, as it can contribute to more people becoming and remaining VFRs, which in turn could contribute to sustainable development.

  • 4.
    Andersen, Pia
    et al.
    Region Kronoberg, Sweden;Linköping University, Sweden.
    Holmberg, Sara
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Medicine and Optometry. Region Kronoberg, Sweden;Lund University, Sweden.
    Årestedt, Kristofer
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Linnaeus University, Linnaeus Knowledge Environments, Sustainable Health. Region Kalmar county, Sweden.
    Lendahls, Lena
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Region Kronoberg, Sweden.
    Nilsen, Per
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Physical Activity on Prescription in Routine Health Care: 1-Year Follow-Up of Patients with and without Counsellor Support2020In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, ISSN 1661-7827, E-ISSN 1660-4601, Vol. 17, no 16, p. 1-15, article id 5679Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The effectiveness of counsellor support in addition to physical activity on prescription (PAP) from health care professionals has rarely been evaluated. This observational follow-up study investigated differences in physical activity levels and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) one year after PAP regarding patients' use of counsellor support in addition to PAP in routine care. The study was conducted in a Swedish health care region in which all patients receiving PAP from health care professionals were offered counsellor support. Data were collected from medical records and questionnaires (baseline and follow-up). Of the 400 study participants, 37% used counsellor support. The group of counsellor users attained a higher level of physical activity one year after receiving PAP compared to the group of non-users (p< 0.001). The level of physical activity was measured by a validated index (score 3-19) calculated from weekly everyday activity and exercise training. Comparison of the change in scores between baseline and follow-up showed a significant difference between the two groups, (p< 0.001). The median difference in the PAP + C group was 2.0 (interquartile range, 7.0) and 0.0. among non-users (interquartile range, 4.0). Significant differences in HRQoL were due to positive improvements among counsellor users, with the main improvement in general health. The conclusion is that patients using counsellor support after receiving PAP from health care professionals had higher physical activity and better HRQoL one year after compared with patients who did not use this support.

  • 5.
    Andersen, Pia
    et al.
    Region Kronoberg, Sweden;Linköping University, Sweden.
    Lendahls, Lena
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Region Kronoberg, Sweden.
    Holmberg, Sara
    Region Kronoberg, Sweden;Lund University, Sweden.
    Nilsen, Per
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Patients' experiences of physical activity on prescription with access to counsellors in routine care: a qualitative study in Sweden2019In: BMC Public Health, E-ISSN 1471-2458, Vol. 19, article id 210Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BackgroundPhysical activity on prescription (PAP) has been implemented in several countries, including Sweden, to support patients who might benefit from increased physical activity. This study explores the experiences of recipients of PAP in routine health care in Sweden that offers the recipients support from physical activity counsellors. The aim was to explore influences on engagement in physical activity by PAP recipients' from a long-term perspective.MethodsWe conducted individual semi-structured interviews using a topic guide with a purposively selected sample of 13 adult PAP recipients 1.5 to 2.5years after PAP. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed through inductive and deductive content analysis. The questions were informed by Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B), which was also used as a framework to analyse the data by means of categorizing the factors (influences on the behaviour).ResultsTen factors (i.e. sub-categories) that influenced the participants' engagement in physical activity were identified. PAP recipients' capability to engage in physical activity was associated with adapting the PAP to the individual's physical capacity and taking into account the individual's previous experiences of physical activity. PAP recipients' opportunity to engage in physical activity was related to receiving a prescription, receiving professional counselling and follow-up from a physical activity counsellor, collaboration between prescriber and counsellor, having access to appropriate activities, having a balanced life situation and having support from someone who encouraged continued physical activity. PAP recipients' motivation to engage in physical activity was associated with the desire to improve his or her health condition and finding activities that encouraged continuation.ConclusionsPAP recipients' engagement in physical activity was influenced by their capability, opportunity and motivation to undertake this behaviour. Numerous extraneous factors influence capability and motivation. Physical activity counsellors were found to be important for sustained activity because they use an individual approach to counselling and flexible follow-up adapted to each individual's need of support.

  • 6.
    Andersson, Linnéa
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Jansson, Hanna
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Anhörigas upplevelser av att leva nära en person med depression: En systematisk litteraturstudie2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Fler människor drabbas av depression, till följd av detta blir fler personer anhöriga till individer med depression. Anhöriga blir i olika utsträckning påverkade av detta, vilket vi vill undersöka med vår studie.

    Syfte: Syftet med studien är att belysa upplevelsen av att vara anhörig till en person med depression.

    Metod: Systematisk litteraturstudie utifrån 8 artiklar av kvalitativ samt kvantitativ ansats.

    Resultat: Studiens resultat visar på förändringar i upplevelse och vardag för anhöriga som lever nära en deprimerad. Studien utmynnade i följande kategorier Att inte förstå, Depressionens påverkan på den anhörige, Anhörigas upplevelse av kommunikation, Sätta sig själv i andra hand samt Ta på sig för mycket. Påverkan av relationer i olika aspekter upptäcktes. Att anhöriga ofta sätter sina egna behov åt sidan är ett utmärkande resultat för studien. Kommunikation upplevs som en stor del i förmågan att förstå den deprimerade och på så sätt uppleva en ökad känsla av sammanhang för den anhörige.

    Slutsats: Att vara anhörig till en deprimerad är utmanande på många områden, inte minst när det gäller svårigheten i att prioritera mellan sig själv och patienten. Vi anser efter studiens gång att mer forskning bör ske för att bistå med kunskap och underlätta anhörigas situation.

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    Andersson Jansson
  • 7.
    Andersson, Marie
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Medicine and Optometry.
    Chefers och medarbetares erfarenheter av anpassning till digital transformation i äldreomsorgen - en kvalitativ fallstudie med deduktiv ansats2023Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: There is an imbalance in the Swedish welfare sector due to demogra­phic changes. Elderly care is an area of welfare where digitization can create great opportunities by thinking and working in new ways in combination with using digital technology and e-health. However, to take advantage of the opportunities, adaptations need to be made within the elderly care. 

    Aim: The purpose of the study is to describe managers' and employees' experiences of how adaptation to conditions such as vision, competence, incentives, resources, and action plan can promote change in a digital transformation of a municipality's elderly care. 

    Method: A qualitative case study was conducted, including three fo­cus group interviews with managers and employees in elderly care in a small muni­cipality. The selection of informants was based on a generic purpose-driven selection and the focus group interviews were based on a semi-structured interview guide. The data were analyzed through qualitative directed content analysis with a deductive ap­proach based on the building blocks in Thylefors' change model.

    Results: Managers' and employees' experiences of how adaptations to conditions can promote digital transformation in elderly care in a municipality are described, as well as managers' and employees' needs for support in the change. A total of ten subcate­gories were identified related to Thylefors' building blocks: vision, competence, in­centives, resources, and action plan. 

    Conclusion: Managers' and employees' experiences of how adaptations can promote change in elderly care during digital transformation, in the municipality where the case study was conducted, show that vision, change management and digital compe­tence play a central role. Managers' and employees' experiences of support in the change process show the need for time regarding training, innovation and an action plan which should be included in systematic quality management. Managers’ and em­ployees’ experience similar needs for adaptations and support, which could indicate that the findings can be considered in a similar context of digital transformation in elderly care. Suggestions for future research include for example investigating how digital transformation in elderly care can promote sustainable leadership and emplo­yee empowerment skills.

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  • 8.
    Andréasson, Frida
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Region Kalmar County, Sweden.
    Aidemark, Jan
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.
    Magnusson, Lennart
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Region Kalmar County, Sweden.
    Strömberg, Anna
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Hanson, Elizabeth
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Region Kalmar County, Sweden.
    Lifeworld in co-designing with informal carers2019In: Journal of Enabling Technologies, ISSN 2398-6263, Vol. 13, no 1, p. 29-39Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to reflect on carers’ experiences of being involved in the development of a web-based support programme for carers of people with heart failure (CPwHF), and discuss the challenges related to their involvement in the development process. The focus was on the different phases in the project as well as the methodological challenges and opportunities that occurred in the user group sessions conducted.

    Design/methodology/approach – This research adopt an explorative design studying a co-design process to develop an information and communication technology based support programme for and with CPwHF. Habermas’ concepts of lifeworld and system are used as a theoretical framework to analyse the co-design process employed in the study.

    Findings – Reflecting on the co-design approach adopted, the findings highlight the methodological challenges that arise with carer involvement and the possible tensions that occur between researchers’ ambitions to include users in the design process, and the goal of developing a product or service, in the different phases of the design process.

    Originality/value – Findings highlight that there is a tension between the system and lifeworld in the co-design process which are not totally compatible. The paper highlights that there is a need to develop flexible and reflexive human-centred design methodologies, able to meet carers’ needs and ideas, and at the same time balance this with proposed research outcomes.

  • 9.
    Areda, Martha
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences.
    The role of omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of schizophrenia through modification of membrane phospholipids2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Ever since the emergence of the hypothesis that linked the aetiology of schizophrenia with abnormal membrane phospholipids composition, an increasing number of evidences have suggested reduced membrane polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with schizophrenia. This has led to a conduct of several studies to evaluate the efficacy of omega-3 fatty acid supplement in the modification of membrane phospholipids and treatment of schizophrenia. The two main omega-3 fatty acid classes, EPA and DHA, play a vital role in membranes. This project work reviews omega-3 fatty acid studies and summarizes their outcomes. Eight original articles (nine studies) were reviewed. Six out of nine studies measured RBC membrane fatty acids levels and all six studies reported a significant increase in EPA after EPA supplement. Two studies reported increased DHA post omega-3 fatty acid and DHA supplement, respectively. One study observed a dose-dependent increment in DHA after EPA supplement. Improved symptoms were observed in seven studies, while one study found a worsening of symptoms in patients with low baseline PUFA. Moreover, out of the six studies that evaluated the correlation between symptom change and membrane fatty acids change, three studies observed a correlation between increased EPA and symptom improvement. One study reported an increased AA associated with improved symptoms, in contrast to another study, which found a correlation between increased AA and worsened symptoms. The conclusion from this project work is that EPA supplement can increase the EPA levels in membranes; however, its therapeutic effect in schizophrenia requires further investigation using larger studies.

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  • 10.
    Arrabi, Nathalie
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health, Social Work and Behavioural Sciences, School of Health and Caring Sciences.
    KVINNORS KUNSKAP OM CERVIXCANCER: En litteraturstudie med kvantitativ ansats2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    SAMMANFATTNING

    Bakgrund: Varje år dör ungefär 150 kvinnor i Sverige på grund av cervixcancer. Ändå har dödsfallen minskat sedan cellprovtagning infördes som svensk prevention. Trots detta är det endast 80 % av de kvinnor som blir erbjudna cellprovtagning som deltar i denna typ av kontroll. Kvinnors kunskapsnivå om hur cervixcancer kan förebyggas genom att gå på regelbundna cellprovtagningar påverkade deltagandet i dessa undersökningar.

    Syfte: Syftet med studien är att beskriva kvinnors kunskap om cervixcancer.

    Metod: En litteraturstudie med kvantitativ ansats baserad på 9 vetenskapliga originalartiklar.  Texten analyserades enligt Forsberg och Wengström (2008) och Fribergs (2006) riktlinjer för analys av artiklar vid en modifierad systematisk litteraturstudie.

    Resultat: Studien tar upp kunskapsläget hos kvinnor om cervixcancer under kategorierna, HPV och sambandet med livmoderhalscancer, prevention och faktorer som har samband med kunskapsnivån av cervixcancer. I stort sågs brister hos kvinnor i alla dessa kategorier, dock varierade hur stort andelen kvinnor var som hade bristande kunskap.

    Slutsatser: Enligt författaren är det inte möjligt för kvinnorna som har en mycket bristfällig kunskap om cervixcancer att medvetet inneha ett förebyggande beteende gentemot denna typ av cancer. Därmed ses sjuksköterskans ansvar att informera som en viktig faktor för att förbättra preventionen.

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    C uppsats
  • 11.
    Arslanovic, Medina
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Seppälä, Caiyun
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Livet efter ett hjärtstopp: En litteraturstudie om patienters upplevelser efter att ha överlevt ett hjärtstopp2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Varje år drabbas cirka 10 000 personer av ett hjärtstopp i Sverige. Allt fler överlever ett hjärtstopp idag eftersom allt fler personer utbildar sig inom hjärt-lungräddning (HLR). Patientens livsvärld och den levda kroppen förändras efter ett hjärtstopp. Teoretisk referensram: KASAM-känsla av sammanhang. Antonovsky (1991) beskrev tre viktiga komponenter: begriplighet, hanterbarhet och meningsfullhet. Tillsammans beskriver det hur patienten upplever känsla av sammanhang. Problemformulering: Det är viktigt att sjuksköterskan har förståelse om patientens situation. Bristande förståelse kan leda till negativa konsekvenser vilket kan resultera till att återhämtningen för patienten blir försämrad. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva patienters upplevelser efter att ha överlevt ett hjärtstopp. Metod: Den valda metoden till studien innefattar både kvalitativ och kvantitativ forskning. Resultatet: Patienterna upplevde livsstilsförändringar efter hjärtstoppet. Behovet av stöd och information från vårdpersonal och anhöriga var viktigt för patienten för återhämtningen efter hjärtstoppet. Emotionella känslor uppkom som inte fanns innan och patienterna såg livet ur ett nytt perspektiv. Psykiska förändringar uppstod samt kognitiva vilket resulterade till ett förändrat liv. Slutsats: Kunskapen om hjärtstopp ökar idag allt mer eftersom fler drabbas vilket medför till att upplivning sker på ett säkrare sätt. Sjuksköterskan behöver lägga en stor vikt vid att förstå hur en patient livsvärld är för att kunna ge det stöd och information som just den patienten behöver. Genom det kommer patienten uppleva känsla av sammanhang.

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    fulltext
  • 12.
    Arvidsson, Daniel
    et al.
    University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Berglind, Daniel
    Karolinska institutet, Sweden.
    Bergman, Patrick
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sport Science.
    Ekblom, Örjan
    The Swedish school of sport and health sciences, Sweden.
    Fröberg, Andreas
    University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Hagströmer, Maria
    Sophiahemmet university, Sweden.
    Löf, Marie
    Linköping university, Sweden;Karolinska institutet, Sweden.
    Nyberg, Gisela
    Karolinska institutet, Sweden;The Swedish school of sport and health sciences, Sweden.
    Med accelerometrar kan fysisk aktivitet mätas objektivt2019In: Läkartidningen, ISSN 0023-7205, E-ISSN 1652-7518, Vol. 116, p. 1654-1658, article id FPZWArticle in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [sv]

    Accelerometrar används i stor utsträckning inom forskning och i viss grad i klinisk verksamhet för att fastställa fysisk aktivitet, men de ställer krav på användarna. 

    God kännedom krävs om utformning av mätprotokoll och bearbetning av rådata till användbara mått, som kan användas i lämpliga statistiska analyser för att undvika mätfel.

    Mätfel medför felskattning av den fysiska aktiviteten, uteblivna gruppskillnader, försvagade samband med hälsa och felaktiga slutsatser om interventionseffekter.

    Mätning av fysisk aktivitet i klinisk verksamhet främjas genom samarbete mellan kliniskt verksamma, kliniska forskare och forskare med metodologisk kompetens inom fysisk aktivitetsmätning.

  • 13.
    Axelsson, Julia
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Khadem, Sanna
    Familjens erfarenheter av att ha en anhörig med Parkinsons sjukdom: En systematisk litteraturstudie2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Abstrakt

    Bakgrund: Parkinsons sjukdom är en kronisk neurologisk sjukdom som gradvis försämrar rörelseförmågan. Tidigare forskning visade att familjen kände stress i samband med sjukdomen och upplevde brist av stöd från omgivningen. Medan andra kände frihet när de fick stöd från hemtjänsten. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva familjens erfarenheter av att ha en anhörig med Parkinsons sjukdom. Metod: En systematisk litteraturstudie med nio artiklar, varav åtta var av kvalitativ ansats och en hade mixed-method. Det utfördes en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Systemteori används som teoretisk referensram. Resultat: Familjen kände att de var i behov av mer information gällande Parkinsons sjukdom. Familjer som hade sin anhöriga med Parkinsons sjukdom på vårdhem kände att personalen behövde mer kunskap om sjukdomen. Familjerna behövde mer tid för sig själva för att kunna hantera deras vardag. Med Parkinsons sjukdom kom ansvar och skuldänslor för familjen, många kände sig bunda till deras roll som vårdgivare. Slutsats: Vårdpersonalen kan visa öppenhet för att ge mer information och samt erbjuda hälsostödjande samtal till familjen. Det kan ge en möjlighet för familjen att öppna sig för hur de känner och även lyssna till de andra familjemeddlemarna. Detta kan skapa en trygghet för familjen och minska deras rädsla inför framtiden.

  • 14.
    Backåberg, Sofia
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. University of Calgary, Canada.
    Hellström, Amanda
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Linnaeus University, Linnaeus Knowledge Environments, Sustainable Health.
    Fagerström, Cecilia
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Linnaeus University, Linnaeus Knowledge Environments, Sustainable Health. Region Kalmar County, Sweden.
    Halling, Anders
    Lund University, Sweden.
    Lincke, Alisa
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM).
    Löwe, Welf
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM).
    Ekstedt, Mirjam
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Evaluation of the Skeleton Avatar Technique for Assessment of Mobility and Balance Among Older Adults2020In: Frontiers of Computer Science, ISSN 2095-2228, E-ISSN 2095-2236, Vol. 2, article id 601271Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Mobility and balance is essential for older adults’ well-being an independence and the ability tomaintain physically active. Early identification of functionalimpairmentmay enable early risk-of-fall assessments and preventivemeasures.  There is a need to find new solutions to assess functional ability in easy, efficient, and accurateways, which can be clinically used frequently and repetitively. Therefore, we need to understand how functional tests and expert assessments (EAs) correlate with new techniques.

    Objective: To explore whether the skeleton avatar technique (SAT) can predict the results of functional tests (FTs) of mobility and balance: Timed Up and Go (TUG), the 30-s chair stand test (30sCST), the 4-stage balance test (4SBT), and EA scoring of movement quality.

    Methods: Fifty-four older adults (+65 years) were recruited through pensioners’ associations. The test procedure contained three standardized FTs: TUG, 30sCST, and 4SBT. The test performances were recorded using a three-dimensional SAT camera. EA scoring was performed based on the video recordings of the 30sCST. Functional ability scores were aggregated from balance and mobility scores. Probability theory-based statistical analyses were used on the data to aggregate sets of individual variables into scores, with correlation analysis used to assess the dependency between variables and between scores. Machine learning techniques were used to assess the appropriateness of easily observable variables/scores as predictors of the other variables included.

    Results: The results indicate that SAT data of the fourth 4SBT stage could be used to predict the aggregated results of all stages of 4SBT (with 7.82% mean absolute error), the results of the 30sCST (11.0%), the TUG test (8.03%), and the EA of the sit-to-stand movement (8.79%). There is a moderate (significant) correlation between the 30sCST and the 4SBT (0.31, p = 0.03), but not between the EA and the 30sCST.

    Conclusion: SAT can predict the results of the 4SBT, the 30sCST (moderate accuracy), and the TUG test and might add important qualitative information to the assessment of movement performance in active older adults. SAT might in the future provide the means for a simple, easy, and accessible assessment of functional ability among older adults.

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    Skeleton Avatar Technique in Assessment of Mobility and Balance
  • 15.
    Belkacem, Jamilla
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health, Social Work and Behavioural Sciences, School of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Sexuellt självförtroende.: Hur tenderar vuxna skatta sitt sexuella självförtroende?2011Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 16.
    Berg, Amelie
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Striegel, Karin
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Värkstimulering med oxytocin: En granskning av PM från Sveriges samtliga förlossningskliniker2020Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: In Sweden there are 45 delivery wards. Every ward has their own guidelines for different conditions and their management. They are composed to relieve the work and promote equal care. There are risks of both administering oxytocin and to refrain from it. It is therefore important that the course of action taken is used in a way that minimizes the risk for both the mother and the child at the same time increasing the probability for a positive delivery outcome.

    Purpose: To map the Swedish delivery wards local guidelines in inducing delivery with oxytocin during active delivery in regards to the following issues: are the delivery wards guidelines formed according to National Medical Indication and do they uphold the high quality standard according to the assessment tool Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II).

    Method: A quantitative study with descriptive and comparable design.

    Results: The result is based on all delivery wards local guidelines for inducing delivery with oxytocin during active delivery. In comparison to NMI there are large differences in the content of the guidelines. In 25 guidelines (69%) there were one or several parts of content missing. The result according to AGREE II showed that only 20 local guidelines (56%) could be recommended for clinical use.

    Conclusion: The quality of the local guidelines vary and the delivery wards that have followed National Medical Indication recommendations are also the ones that present the best results according to AGREE II.

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  • 17.
    Bergman, Frida
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Medicine and Optometry.
    Förskrivningskollen utifrån vårdpersonalens perspektiv2022Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of the National medication list is to provide healthcare, pharmacies, and the patient with the same picture of the prescribed and dispensed medications of a patient. Förskrivningskollen is a back-up system that healthcare professionals can use until their own electronic health record systems are adapted to the National prescription register. No previous study covers Förskrivningskollen and this phase in the implementation of the National medication list. 

    The aim this master’s thesis is to examine healthcare professionals experience and perception of Förskrivningskollen, which can identify benefits, barriers, and possible risks with the system. The study applied a mixed methods approach, with user statistics from Förskrivningskollen and a survey with open and closed questions. The respondents of the survey (n=288) were healthcare professionals who were users or potential users of the system. The analysis of the qualitative data was conducted using inductive content analysis.

    The result showed that there are high expectations on the National medication list but also many concerns. The knowledge about Förskrivningskollen was low and there was an uncertainty regarding the regulations and work routines linked to the system. There have been seven different healthcare professions among the users of the system up until January 2022. There is a small number of users of Förskrivningskollen in relation to the potential set of users. The result shows that a lack of interoperability with the electronic health record made Förskrivningskollen time consuming to use and could lead to a risk of insufficient documentation. Respondents described that the list was not sufficiently updated and that Förskrivningskollen could lead to a sense of false security. Most of the clinical pharmacist states that Förskrivningskollen has helped to facilitate their work with medication reconciliation. The physicians were more divided in their perceived benefit, some described benefit when prescribing drugs with risk of addiction, some others preferred using other systems such as NPÖ or Pascal.  

    This study showed that there is a need for information on and clarification regarding ways of working and regulations linked to Förskrivningskollen and the National medication list. The perceived problems of the healthcare staff concerning the National medication list is important to consider in the future implementation. 

  • 18.
    Bergström, Caroline
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Qvarsell Kicsi, Ida
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Mödrars och barnmorskors erfarenheter av eftervård2018Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:The time after childbirth is known as the most critical but also the most neglected time in every new mothers life. It is part of the midwifes’ task to care for the mother during the postnatal period and assess the need for follow-up. It has been shown that there are shortcomings and a need for development in the postpartum care. There are few or no studies which examines the strengths of the Swedish postpartum care.

    Purpose:To examine the experiences of postpartum care among midwifes and mothers.

    Method:Qualitative interviews with an inductive approach, which were analyzed with a qualitative content analysis. Four new mothers and four midwifes in a region in the south of Sweden were interviewed.

    Results:The mothers were mostly satisfied with the postpartum care but there was a wish for an earlier follow-up after birth and better breastfeeding support. The midwifes described that most mothers are feeling well and that there are no serious shortcomings with the postpartum care today. They do however wish for an earlier follow-up after birth in order to establish an individual plan of care for every family, more education and a better cooperation between different instances.

    Conclusion:The postpartum care has been designed in the same way for a long time and is inflexible with few resources. There is a need for improvement and development as well as a wish for more individualized care.

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  • 19.
    Berner, Jessica
    et al.
    Blekinge University of Technology.
    Rennemark, Mikael
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology. Blekinge University of Technology.
    Jogreus, Claes
    Blekinge University of Technology.
    Anderberg, Peter
    Blekinge University of Technology.
    Sköldunger, Anders
    Karolinska Institutet ; Stockholm University.
    Wahlberg, Maria
    Karolinska Institutet ; Stockholm University.
    Elmståhl, Sölve
    Lund University.
    Berglund, Johan
    Blekinge University of Technology.
    Factors influenceing internet usage in older adults (65 years and above) living in rural and urban Sweden2015In: Health Informatics Journal, ISSN 1460-4582, E-ISSN 1741-2811, Vol. 21, no 3, p. 237-249Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Older adults living in rural and urban areas have shown to distinguish themselves in technology adoption;a clearer profile of their Internet use is important in order to provide better technological and health-caresolutions. Older adults’ Internet use was investigated across large to midsize cities and rural Sweden. Thesample consisted of 7181 older adults ranging from 59 to 100 years old. Internet use was investigated withage, education, gender, household economy, cognition, living alone/or with someone and rural/urban living.Logistic regression was used. Those living in rural areas used the Internet less than their urban counterparts.Being younger and higher educated influenced Internet use; for older urban adults, these factors as well asliving with someone and having good cognitive functioning were influential. Solutions are needed to avoid theexclusion of some older adults by a society that is today being shaped by the Internet.

  • 20.
    Bindar, Andreea Liliana
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Department of Design.
    SAFE is the new COOL: A guide on how to do drugs responsibly2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor of Fine Arts), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In this essay, the research question: “How can I make teenagers use drugs more responsibly without using a scaremongering approach?” will be explored. The process will include theoretical research on the definition of drugs in relation to a strategy for reducing risks in the lives of adolescents, from a sustainable take. Another question that will be answered is why anti-drug campaigns fail, and my solution to this will be given. The result of this project will be in the form of an interactive online guide for teenagers. The aim of this project will be to provide high school students with a way to find important informa- tion they should know, before trying drugs. The case study is Romania. Here drugs are still a taboo subject and they are not explained nor talked about, in schools or families. Therefore, my guide provides explanations based on several people’s experiences and opinions about the most common drugs here. 

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    SAFE is the new COOL
  • 21.
    Björklund, Margereth
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Sweden.
    Fridlund, Bengt
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Mårtensson, Jan
    Jönköping University, Sweden.
    Experiences of psychological flow as described by people diagnosed with and treated for head and neck cancer2019In: European Journal of Oncology Nursing, ISSN 1462-3889, E-ISSN 1532-2122, Vol. 43, p. 1-8, article id 101671Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: To describe flow as experienced by people diagnosed with and treated for head and neck cancer. Method: A descriptive design based on a deductive qualitative content analysis was used to explain Csikszentmihalyi's flow theory from the perspective of people living with head and neck cancer. Interviews were conducted with seven participants diagnosed with and treated for different forms and stages of head and neck cancer. Results: Experiences of flow were associated with people's interests, skill levels and actions involving and creating both happiness and the feeling of something worth living for. Optimal flow was a state of consciousness in which mind and body work together, and the people were completely absorbed in an activity related to nature, hobbies or family. Microflow occurred as part of everyday life, relieving stress and anxiety and helping them to focus on their daily routines. This included humming, listening to the radio or watching TV. Conclusions: The peoples inner strength and desire to feel better made flow possible, and they used unknown skills that enhanced self-satisfaction. Managing self-care activities increased feelings of control, participation and enjoyment. This calls for person-centred care with a salutogenic approach based on the peoples own interests, skill levels and actions; what makes the person feel happy.

  • 22.
    Block, Fredrik
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Kalmar Maritime Academy.
    Gym ombord på fartyg: Behöver sjömän träna och hur?2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 23.
    Block, Linda
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Johansson, Jenny
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Gestationsdiabetes mellitus: En journalgranskningsstudie2019Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Gestational Diabetes, GDM, is a condition diagnosed in pregnant women with elevated glucose levels without prior known hyperglycemia. In Sweden, we have about 1-2 percent of GDM, in the world up to 14 percent is affected. The global increase in obesity is believed to be a major contributory factor in increasing GDM. GDM has negative effects on maternal and fetal outcomes. The midwife has an important role to motivate and support the pregnant woman for a healthy lifestyle change to reduce the risk of complications in mother and child. Purpose: The purpose was to investigate predisposing factors of GDM as well as maternal and fetal outcomes of GDM by clinical record review. Method: The study was based on a quantitative approach with retrospective clinical record review in 2014-2017. The study comprises 166 women with GDM. Data analyzed in PSPP statistics program. Result: The majority of women showed overweight or obesity (72%). There were more foreign-born women than Swedish-born who developed GDM. The study showed that BMI and treatment had the greatest significance for achieving a normal HbA1c. Conclusion: The result is consistent with previous research that overweight and obesity are one of the major factors in developing GDM. This imposes demands on care and especially midwives in maternity care. By working effectively with TTM to make a lifestyle change, hopefully the number of women who develop GDM during pregnancy or manifest diabetes will be reduced.

    Keywords: Gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM, BMI, foreign born, Medical record review

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  • 24.
    Bodin Törmä, Linda
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Böhm, Sandra
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Åka hem, jag ska väl föda barn!: -en intervjustudie med förstföderskor i latensfas2016Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The midwife's attitudes are important for a woman’s experience of feeling secure and manage pain during latent phase and delivery. The goal is that the woman should be at home during latent phase, because of that the hospital environment can have a negative impact on the physiological delivery process during this phase. Maternal health care has an important role by supporting and preparing the pregnant woman for birth. Objective: To explore women's experiences of latent phase, sought care at the maternity ward, and then had to go home. Method: A qualitative study has been done and is based on five individual interviews with first-time mothers. The data were analyzed according to content analysis. Results: The women felt unprepared and expressed ignorance about latent phase. The treatment from the midwife at the maternity ward was important for the women and how they could handle their experience of latent phase and delivery. Painful contractions and sleep deprivation were the main factors that made the women visit the maternity ward. Conclusion: The study showed that the information about latent phase from the midwife at the maternal health care center was inadequate and need improvement. The women found it  difficult to determine when they were in active phase and would go into the maternity ward. The midwife at the maternity ward need to see the individual woman and adapt care individually. Partners / relatives may be in need of advice and support from the midwife to make it easier to help the woman in latent phase.

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  • 25.
    Bohlenius, Maria
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences.
    Påverkas hälsan av den fysiska aktivitetsnivån för bröstcancerpatienter under cytostatikabehandling? 2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Bröstcancer är den vanligast förekommande cancerformen hos kvinnor. Vid diagnos och behandling är det vanligt med psykiska reaktioner och biverkningar. Bland annat förekommer ångest, oro, infektionskänslighet och trötthet. Fysisk aktivitet bidrar till många positiva hälsoeffekter som exempelvis ökad muskelstyrka och kondition, minskad depression och ångest och förbättrat immunförsvar. Detta gör det intressant att undersöka om detta samband även förekommer hos bröstcancerpatienter som genomgår cytostatikabehandling.

    Syfte: Syfte med studien är att undersöka hur hälsan påverkas av den fysiska aktivitetsnivån hos bröstcancerpatienter som genomgår cytostatikabehandling.

    Metod: Arbetet är en litteraturstudie. Artiklar söktes i databasen PubMed. Inklusionskriterier var att artiklarna skulle undersöka effekter av fysisk aktivitet avseende hälsan hos bröstcancerpatienter som behandlas med cytostatika.

    Resultat: Bröstcancerpatienter som utförde fysisk aktivitet under sin cytostatikabehandling, förbättrade, bibehöll eller minskade nedsättning av status på flertalet av de hälsoområden som undersöktes. På vissa hälsoområden sågs ingen skillnad mellan tränings- eller kontrollgrupp eller så var skillnaden inte signifikant. Fysisk aktivitet sågs inte i någon studie försämra hälsan hos patienterna. I något fall sågs att en mindre träningsdos var bättre än en högre. Fysisk aktivitet gav inga biverkningar.

    Slutsats: En ökad aktivitetsnivå för denna patientgrupp ger positiva hälsoeffekter, därmed bör fysisk aktivitet rekommenderas. 

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  • 26.
    Borges Luz, Tatiana
    et al.
    Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Brazil.
    Nilsson, Evalill
    Region Östergötland, Sweden.
    Primary Data Collection for Drug Utilization Research2016In: Drug Utilization Research - Methods and Applications / [ed] Elseviers, M. et al, Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell, 2016, p. 29-38Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 27.
    Borslöv, Carolina
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Jakobsson, Erika
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Barnmorskors erfarenheter av diskriminering i förlossningsvården: En kvalitativ intervjustudie2022Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Everyone has the same rights to health care on equal terms, despite this, discrimination exist and the health care is not equal for everyone. Both health-care providers and patients can be exposed to different types of discrimination. Women who have negative care experiences are hesitant to seek care due to fear of being discriminated.

    Purpose: The aim of the study was to illustrate midwives’ experiences of discrimination in delivery care.   

    Method: The data collection took place through three focus groups with 11 midwives. A qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach was used as an analytical method which resulted in three main categories with three subcategories each. 

    Result: The result produced three main categories with three subcategories each: experiences of communication difficulties, experiences of unconsious discrimination and limitations at the delivery care. The study's result showed that lack of communication was one reason why the women giving birth were discriminated against. This can lead to reduced participation and that the mothers do not receive the support they need. It appears that there is a will among the midwives not to discriminate, but it can be difficult to distinguish which behaviors are perceived as discriminatory. Also, structural and organizational factors enabled discrimination and were considered difficult to influence for midwives.

    Conclusion: By raising awareness and discussing grounds for discrimination in the midwife's workplace, conditions could be created to reduce discrimination against both midwives and patients. Through allowing each mother to have access to her own present midwife could give the oppurtunity to create the right conditions for care without discrimination.

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    Magisteruppsats - Carolina & Erika
  • 28.
    Broberg, Hanna
    University of Kalmar, eHealth Institute, School of Human Sciences, University of Kalmar,.
    Utvärdering av VårdIT-systemet Cosmic på en sjukhusklinik i Kalmar län2008Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    För att förbättra hanteringen av vårdinformation införde Landstinget i Kalmar län under åren 2004 till 2008 vårdIT-systemet Cosmic i de flesta av sina vårdverksamheter. Under hösten 2007 och våren 2008 genomförde eHälsoinstitutet en utvärdering av IT-systemets måluppfyllelse, problemlösning, handlingsstöd och verksamhetsstöd på en sjukhusklinik i länet.

    Det gjordes en studie av IT-systemet och verksamheten, en förändringsanalys, värdering av IT-systemet i verksamheten samt förslag på förändringar av ITsystemet och verksamheten.

    Utvärderingen resulterade i bedömning att införandet av IT-systemet har lett till att de flesta mål har uppnåtts och flera problem har blivit lösta. Dock finns vissa mål som ännu inte uppnåtts helt och vissa problem som kvarstår. Dessutom har införandet av IT-systemet orsakat vissa nya problem, men det har också lett till andra mindre förväntade förbättringar.

    Slutsatsen är att IT-systemet har sina styrkor, men också sina svagheter. Det finns därmed potential att genomföra förändringar för att förbättra IT-systemet för verksamheten. Personalen på kliniken är inte helt nöjd, men skulle heller aldrig vilja gå tillbaka till hur det var tidigare. Resultatet av utvärderingen pekar också på vikten av att utvärdera IT-systemet i verksamheten efter införandet.

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  • 29.
    Brors, Gunhild
    et al.
    St Olavs Univ Hosp, Norway;Nord Trondelag Hosp Trust, Norway.
    Pettersen, Trond Roed
    Haukeland Hosp, Norway.
    Hansen, Tina B.
    Zealand Univ Hosp, Denmark;Univ Southern Denmark, Denmark.
    Fridlund, Bengt
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Haukeland Hosp, Norway.
    Holvold, Linn Benjaminsen
    Trondelag Hosp Trust, Norway.
    Lund, Hans
    Western Norway Univ Appl Sci, Norway.
    Norekval, Tone M.
    Haukeland Hosp, Norway;Western Norway Univ Appl Sci, Norway;Univ Bergen, Norway.
    Modes of e-Health delivery in secondary prevention programmes for patients with coronary artery disease: a systematic review2019In: BMC Health Services Research, E-ISSN 1472-6963, Vol. 19, p. 1-24, article id 364Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BackgroundElectronic health (e-Health) interventions are emerging as an effective alternative model for improving secondary prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this study was to describe the effectiveness of different modes of delivery and components in e-Health secondary prevention programmes on adherence to treatment, modifiable CAD risk factors and psychosocial outcomes for patients with CAD.MethodA systematic review was carried out based on articles found in MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Embase. Studies evaluating secondary prevention e-Health programmes provided through mobile-Health (m-Health), web-based technology or a combination of m-Health and web-based technology were eligible. The main outcomes measured were adherence to treatment, modifiable CAD risk factors and psychosocial outcomes. The quality appraisal of the studies included was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool for RCT. The results were synthesised narratively.ResultA total of 4834 titles were identified and 1350 were screened for eligibility. After reviewing 123 articles in full, 24 RCTs including 3654 participants with CAD were included. Eight studies delivered secondary prevention programmes through m-Health, nine through web-based technology, and seven studies used a combination of m-Health and web-based technology. The majority of studies employed two or three secondary prevention components, of which health education was employed in 21 studies. The m-Health programmes reported positive effects on adherence to medication. Most studies evaluating web-based technology programmes alone or in combination with m-Health also utilised traditional CR, and reported improved modifiable CAD risk factors. The quality appraisal showed a moderate methodological quality of the studies.ConclusionEvidence exists that supports the use of e-Health interventions for improving secondary prevention of CAD. However, a comparison across studies highlighted a wide variability of components and outcomes within the different modes of delivery. High quality trials are needed to define the most efficient mode of delivery and components capable of addressing a favourable outcome for patients.Trial registrationNot applicable.

  • 30.
    Broström, Anders
    et al.
    Jönköping University ; Linköping University Hospital.
    Nilsen, Per
    Linköping University.
    Gardner, Benjamin
    University College London, UK.
    Johansson, Peter
    Linköping University Hospital.
    Ulander, Martin
    Linköping University Hospital ; Linköping University.
    Fridlund, Bengt
    Jönköping University.
    Årestedt, Kristofer
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Linköping University ; Ersta Sköndal University College ; Ersta Hospital.
    Validation of the CPAP Habit Index-5: A Tool to Understand Adherence to CPAP Treatment in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.2014In: Sleep Disorders, ISSN 2090-3545, E-ISSN 2090-3553, Vol. 2014, article id 929057Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Long-term adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is low among patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The potential role of "habit" in sustaining adherence to CPAP use has not been studied. This study aimed to establish the relevance of habit to CPAP adherence, via validation of an adaptation of the Self-Report Habit Index (the CPAP Habit Index-5; CHI-5). Analyses focused on the homogeneity, reliability, and factor structure of the CHI-5 and, in line with theoretical predictions, its utility as a predictor of long-term CPAP adherence in middle-aged patients with OSA. A prospective longitudinal design was used. 117 patients with objectively verified OSA intended for CPAP treatment were recruited. Data was collected via clinical examinations, respiratory recordings, questionnaires, and CPAP devices at baseline, 2 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months. The CHI-5 showed satisfactory homogeneity interitem correlations (0.42-0.93), item-total correlations (0.58-0.91), and reliability ( α = 0.92). CHI-5 data at 6 months showed a one-factor solution and predicted 63% of variance in total CPAP use hours after 12 months. Based on the satisfactory measurement properties and the high amount of CPAP use variance it explained, the CHI-5 can be seen as a useful tool in clinical practice.

  • 31.
    Broström, Anders
    et al.
    Jönköping University, Sweden;Linköping University Hospital, Sweden.
    Pakpour, A. H.
    Jönköping University, Sweden;Qazvin Univ Med Sci, Iran.
    Nilsen, P.
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Fridlund, Bengt
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Ulander, M.
    Linköping University Hospital, Sweden;Linköping University, Sweden.
    Psychometric properties of the Ethos Brief Index (EBI) using factorial structure and Rasch Analysis among patients with obstructive sleep apnea before and after CPAP treatment is initiated2019In: Sleep and Breathing, ISSN 1520-9512, E-ISSN 1522-1709, Vol. 23, no 3, p. 761-768Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Continuous positive airway treatment (CPAP) is the recommended treatment for patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Outcome measures often focus on clinical and/or self-rated variables related to the medical condition. However, a brief validated instrument focusing on the whole life situation (i.e., ethos) suitable for clinical practice is missing. The aim of this study was to investigate factorial structure, categorical functioning of the response scale, and differential item functioning across sub-populations of the Ethos Brief Index (EBI) among patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) before and after initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Methods A prospective design, including 193 patients with OSA (68% men, 59.66 years, SD 11.51) from two CPAP clinics, was used. Clinical assessment and overnight respiratory polygraphy were used to diagnose patients. Questionnaires administered before and after 6 months of CPAP treatment included EBI, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and global perceived health (initial item in SF-36). The validity and reliability of the EBI were investigated using Rasch and confirmatory factor analysis models. Measurement invariance, unidimensionality, and differential item functioning across gender groups, Apnea-Hypopnea Index, and ESS groups were assessed. Results The reliability of the EBI was confirmed using composite reliability and Cronbach's alpha. The results supported unidimensionality of the EBI in confirmatory factor analysis and the Rasch model. No differential item functioning was found. A latent profile analysis yielded two profiles of patients with low (n = 42) and high (n = 151) ethos. Patients in the low ethos group were younger and had higher depression scores, lower perceived health, and higher body mass index. Conclusions The EBI is a valid tool with robust psychometric properties suitable for use among patients with OSA before and after treatment with CPAP is initiated. Future studies should focus on its predictive validity.

  • 32.
    Broström, Anders
    et al.
    Jönköping University ; Linköping University Hospital.
    Sunnergren, Ola
    Linköping University ; Ryhov Hospital, Jönköping.
    Årestedt, Kristofer
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Linköping University.
    Johansson, Peter
    Linköping University ; Linköping University Hospital.
    Nilsen, Per
    Linköping University.
    Fridlund, Bengt
    Jönköping University.
    Svanborg, Eva
    Jönköping University ; Linköping University.
    Undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnea in hypertensive outpatients in primary care: Associations with sleep complaints, depressive symptoms and global perceived health2013In: Open Journal of Nursing, ISSN 2162-5336, E-ISSN 2162-5344, Vol. 3, no 6, p. 445-452Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: 1) To describe the prevalence of undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and depressive symptoms in hypertensive men and women below 65 years of age, and 2) to describe the association of OSA to subjective sleep complaints, depressive symptoms and global perceived health. Design: Cross-sectional design focusing on nursing care outcomes of obstructive sleep apnea. Setting: Four primary care health centres in Sweden. PATIENTS: 411 consecutive patients (52% women), mean age 57.9 years (SD 5.9 years), with diagnosed hypertension (BP > 140/90). Main Outcome Measures: Prevalence of OSA and depressive symptoms, and association of OSA to sleep complaints, depressive symptoms and global perceived health. RESULTS: Mild, moderate and severe OSA was seen among 29%, 16% and 14% of patients, respectively. Depressive symptoms were seen in 16% of the total group, with a higher prevalence among men, compared to women, 21% vs. 12%. No differences were found regarding blood pressure, estimated sleep need, sleep sufficiency index, insomnia symptoms, daytime sleepiness or depressive symptoms with respect to different degrees of OSA. Apnea-hypopnea index was significantly associated to perceived health after adjustment for gender and comorbidities, but when depressive symptoms and non-restorative sleep were added to the model, 33% of the variance in global perceived health was explained. Conclusion: OSA is highly prevalent among patients with hypertension in primary care and does together with sleep complaints and depressive symptoms have a negative impact on global perceived health. Hypertensive patients without subjective sleep complaints or depressive symptoms may still have OSA.

  • 33.
    Buono, Nicola
    et al.
    Univ Maastricht, Netherlands.
    Thulesius, Hans
    Univ Maastricht, Netherlands.
    Petrazzuoli, Ferdinando
    Univ Maastricht, Netherlands.
    Van Merode, Tiny
    Univ Maastricht, Netherlands.
    Koskela, Tuomas
    Univ Maastricht, Netherlands.
    Le Reste, Jean-Yves
    Univ Maastricht, Netherlands.
    Prick, Hanny
    Univ Maastricht, Netherlands.
    Soler, Jean Karl
    Univ Maastricht, Netherlands.
    40 years of biannual family medicine research meetings--the European General Practice Research Network (EGPRN).2013In: Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, ISSN 0281-3432, E-ISSN 1502-7724, Vol. 31, no 4, p. 185-7Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: To document family medicine research in the 25 EGPRN member countries in 2010.

    DESIGN: Semi-structured survey with open-ended questions.

    SETTING: Academic family medicine in 23 European countries, Israel, and Turkey.

    SUBJECTS: 25 EGPRN national representatives.

    MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Demographics of the general population and family medicine. Assessments, opinions, and suggestions.

    RESULTS: EGPRN has represented family medicine for almost half a billion people and > 300,000 general practitioners (GPs). Turkey had the largest number of family medicine departments and highest density of GPs, 2.1/1000 people, Belgium had 1.7, Austria 1.6, and France 1.5. Lowest GP density was reported from Israel 0.17, Greece 0.18, and Slovenia 0.4 GPs per 1000 people. Family medicine research networks were reported by 22 of 25 and undergraduate family medicine research education in 20 of the 25 member countries, and in 10 countries students were required to do research projects. Postgraduate family medicine research was reported by 18 of the member countries. Open-ended responses showed that EGPRN meetings promoted stimulating and interesting research questions such as comparative studies of chronic pain management, sleep disorders, elderly care, healthy lifestyle promotion, mental health, clinical competence, and appropriateness of specialist referrals. Many respondents reported a lack of interest in family medicine research related to poor incentives and low family medicine status in general and among medical students in particular. It was suggested that EGPRN exert political lobbying for family medicine research.

    CONCLUSION: Since 1974, EGPRN organizes biannual conferences that unite and promote primary care practice, clinical research and academic family medicine in 25 member countries.

  • 34.
    Byrman, Gunilla
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Department of Swedish Language. Linnaeus University, Linnaeus Knowledge Environments, Sustainable Health.
    Stevenson-Ågren, Jean
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Medicine and Optometry. Linnaeus University, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Department of Languages. Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Bitar, Dima
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Ericsson, Stina
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Department of Swedish Language. University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Oscarsson, Marie
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Skoglund, Astrid
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Department of Swedish Language.
    Sadima: Vänta barn på arabiska, engelska och svenska! Effektiv och integrerande design för interaktiv mödrahälsovård2020Other (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Målet har varit att göra ett effektivt, integrerande och interaktivt dialogstöd (https://sadima.lnu.se/). Stödet är avsett att användas i mödravårdssam­tal mellan kvinnor med begränsade kunskaper i svenska och svensktalande barnmorskor och är ett komplement till tolk. Samtalsstödet finns på arabiska, engelska, svenska och är fritt tillgängligt på internet.  Vi vill uppnå förbättrad och effek­­tiviserad kommu­ni­ka­tion mellan barnmorskor och kvinnor. Samtalsstödet ska leda till ökad patientsäkerhet med färre komplika­tioner och minskad sjuklighet och dödlighet bland kvinnorna och deras barn, och därigenom öka vårdkvaliteten och effektivisera bru­ket av sam­hälleliga resurser. Avsikten är att sprida och nyttiggöra sam­talsstödet till ansvariga i Sveriges Kom­muner och Regioner (SKR) och samordnings­barn­morskor i Sverige. Stödet består av en del där information kan inhämtas och en del där information kan ges om gravidi­tet, förloss­ning och preventiv­medel. Genom webbsidan ska mödra­hälso­­­vården göras mer jämlik och kom­munikativ, med ökad patientsäkerhet och egenmakt för kvinnor i mödravården.

    Vi har analyserat material med språkliga, normkritiska och vård­vetenskapliga metoder. I projektet har appen Sadima utvecklats i två versioner, en första testversion och sedan en andra version som ut­for­mats som en webbsida. För ut­veck­lan­det av den första versionen av appen fick vi medel av Vinnova (2016–2019). Vi arbetade med barnmorskor och skapade en testapp som sedan revide­ra­des och förbättrades suc­ces­sivt genom forskning om kvinnornas och barnmorskornas er­faren­het av att använda samtalsstödet. Det befintliga stödets innehåll är patientsäkrat av läkare och barnmorskor i Region Kalmar. 

    Vi har mätt funktiona­liteten i samtalsstödet genom iterativa tester, en­käter och fokusgrupper med barnmorskor och arabisktalande kvinnor, där stödets information har pro­ble­ma­tiserats; det har gällt etnicitet (språk och kultur), klass (utbildning) och jämlikhet mellan kvinnor. Mät­ningarna har granskats och utvärde­rats av referensgruppen för bedömning av funktiona­liteten hos samtalsstödet. Grup­pen har bedömt att samtalsstödet bidragit till bättre förståelse, ökad patient­säkerhet och effektivare vård. 

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  • 35.
    Børøsund, Elin
    et al.
    Oslo University Hospital, Norway.
    Cvancarova, Milada
    Oslo University Hospital, Norway.
    Ekstedt, Mirjam
    Oslo University Hospital, Norway;KTH Royal Institute of Technology.
    Moore, Shirley M.
    Case Western Reserve University, USA.
    Ruland, Cornelia
    Oslo University Hospital, Norway;University of Oslo, Norway.
    How user characteristics affect use patterns in web-based illness management support for patients with breast and prostate cancer2013In: Journal of Medical Internet Research, E-ISSN 1438-8871, Vol. 15, no 3, article id e34Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Frequently eHealth applications are not used as intended and they have high attrition rates; therefore, a better understanding of patients' need for support is warranted. Specifically, more research is needed to identify which system components target different patient groups and under what conditions.

    OBJECTIVE: To explore user characteristics associated with the use of different system components of a Web-based illness management support system for cancer patients (WebChoice).

    METHODS: For this secondary post hoc analysis of a large randomized controlled trial (RCT), in which WebChoice was tested among 325 breast cancer and prostate cancer patients who were followed with repeated measures for 1 year, usage patterns of 162 cancer patients in the intervention arm with access to WebChoice were extracted from the user log. Logistic regression was performed to identify patterns of associations between system use and patient characteristics. Latent class analyses (LCA) were performed to identify associations among the use of different system components and levels of social support, symptom distress, depression, self-efficacy, and health-related quality of life.

    RESULTS: Approximately two-thirds (103/162, 63.6%) of the patients logged on to WebChoice more than once, and were defined as users. A high level of computer experience (odds ratio [OR] 3.77, 95% CI 1.20-11.91) and not having other illnesses in addition to cancer (OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.02-4.34) increased the overall probability of using WebChoice. LCA showed that both men with prostate cancer and women with breast cancer who had low scores on social support accompanied with high levels of symptom distress and high levels of depression were more likely to use the e-message component. For men with prostate cancer, these variables were also associated with high use of the self-management advice component. We found important differences between men with prostate cancer and women with breast cancer when associations between WebChoice use and each user characteristic were analyzed separately. High use of all components was associated with low levels of social support among women with breast cancer, but not among men with prostate cancer. High use of e-messages, advice, and the discussion forum were associated with high levels of depression among women with breast cancer, but not among men with prostate cancer. For men with prostate cancer (but not women with breast cancer), high use of symptom assessments, advice, and the discussion forum were associated with high levels of symptom distress. However, it is unclear whether these findings can be attributed to differences related to diagnosis, gender, or both.

    CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence that different user characteristics are associated with different use patterns. Such information is crucial to target Web-based support systems to different patient groups. LCA is a useful technique to identify subgroups of users. In our study, e-messages and self-management advice were highly used components for patients who had low levels of social support and high illness burden, suggesting that patients with these characteristics may find such tools particularly useful.

  • 36.
    Caporuscio, Mauro
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM), Department of Computer Science.
    Weyns, Danny
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM), Department of Computer Science. Katholieke Univ Leuven, Belgium.
    Andersson, Jesper
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM), Department of Computer Science.
    Axelsson, Clara
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Medicine and Optometry.
    Petersson, Göran
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Medicine and Optometry.
    IoT-enabled Physical Telerehabilitation Platform2017In: Proccedings of the International Workshop on Engineering IoT Systems: Architectures, Services, Applications, and Platforms, IEEE, 2017, p. 112-119Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Physical telerehabilitation services over the Internet allow physiotherapists to engage in remote consultation with patients at their homes, improving the quality of care and reducing costs. Traditional visual approaches, such as webcams and videophones, are limited in terms of precision of assessment and support for assistance with exercises. In this paper, we present a Physical Telerehabilitation System (PTS) that enhances video interaction with IoT technology to monitor the position of the body of patients in space and provide smart data to physiotherapists and users. We give an overview of the architecture of the PTS and evaluate (i) its usability based on a number of interviews and focus groups with stakeholders, and (ii) its technical efficiency based on a series of measurements. From this evaluation, we derive a number of challenges for further improvement of the PTS and outline a possible solution based on a microservices architecture.

  • 37.
    Carleson, Ida
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health, Social Work and Behavioural Sciences, School of Education, Psychology and Sport Science.
    Den funktionella syskonplaceringen i relation till Locus of Control och Känsla av sammanhang2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Föreliggande studies ansats var att undersöka den funktionella syskonplaceringen i relation till Locus of control (LoC) och Känsla av sammanhang (KASAM). Syskonforskaren Sulloways teori om den funktionella syskonplaceringen kan liknas vid en darwinistisk förklaringsmodell till syskonplaceringens betydelse för utvecklandet av personlig karaktäristika. Individens attribuering till inre eller yttre LoC avser huruvida individen tillskriver händelser i livet som ett resultat av dennes egen påverkan eller som ett resultat avhängigt ödet eller slumpen. KASAM-begreppet avser individens förmåga, att uppleva världen som begriplig, hanterbar och meningsfull. Studiens undersökningsdeltagare är elever från årskurs 1-3 på en gymnasieskola (n=86). Vid insamlandet av data användes Rotters IE-scale och Antonovskys KASAM-formulär. Studien kunde sedermera redovisa att undersökningsdeltagarnas funktionella syskonplaceringen inte påverkar deras LoC eller KASAM. En förklaring till det resultat som studien kunde redovisa är att deltagarna är i en ålder där deras attribuering till inre LoC och stark och rigid KASAM, ännu inte har utvecklats och stabiliserats på den nivå som motsvarar de enskilda individernas kapacitet, eftersom det sker i en något äldre ålder.

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  • 38.
    Carlsson, Christer
    et al.
    Åbo Akad Univ, Finland.
    Sell, Anna
    Åbo Akad Univ, Finland.
    Walden, Camilla
    Åbo Akad Univ, Finland.
    Walden, Pirkko
    Åbo Akad Univ, Finland.
    Lundqvist, Siw
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Organisation and Entrepreneurship.
    Marcusson, Leif
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Organisation and Entrepreneurship.
    Go Vendla Go! Creating a Digital Coach for the Young Elderly2017In: INFORMATION SYSTEMS, EMCIS 2017 / [ed] Themistocleous, M Morabito, V, Springer, 2017, p. 204-209Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The proportion of ageing citizens is high and increasing in most EU countries and there is a growing political pressure to make sure that the costs for the elderly care programs do not grow out of bounds. The focus of the ageing population programs is at the 75+ age group. The younger age group - the "young elderly" that is the focus in our research - does not get much attention. Recently, we have noticed a growing insight that preventive programs could be helpful as healthier young elderly will help produce healthier seniors (the 75 + age group) which over time will have significant effects on the costs for health and social care for the ageing population. Our study is a synergistic combination of two timely research areas: digitalisation and the ageing population. The focus combination of digital wellness services and the young elderly is unique. We build on a research program that is operating since January 2014. Our current research in progress aims at finding out how a digital coach - a personal trainer called Vendla - can be worked out for digital wellness services.

  • 39.
    Carrasco, Daniel
    et al.
    Lund University, Sweden;Skåne University Hospital, Sweden.
    Thulesius, Hans
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Medicine and Optometry. Region Kronoberg, Sweden;Lund University, Sweden.
    Jakobsson, Ulf
    Lund University, Sweden.
    Memarian, Ensieh
    Lund University, Sweden;Skåne University Hospital, Sweden.
    Primary care physicians' knowledge and attitudes about obesity, adherence to treatment guidelines and association with confidence to treat obesity: a Swedish survey study2022In: BMC Primary Care, E-ISSN 2731-4553, Vol. 23, no 1, article id 208Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Obesity is a chronic disease with increasing prevalence. We aimed to explore primary care physicians' knowledge and attitudes about obesity and how knowledge and attitudes are associated with confidence and adherence to obesity guidelines and barriers to obesity treatment. Methods A questionnaire survey was sent by e-mail to 1642 primary care physicians in four regions in Sweden. The survey focused on the physicians' knowledge, attitudes towards obesity, confidence in obesity management, adherence to obesity guidelines and barriers to optimal care. We created different statistical indices for knowledge, attitudes and adherence. To analyse the correlation between these indices, we used linear regression analyses. Results Replies from 235 primary care physicians yielded a response rate of 14.3%. Most physicians answered correctly that obesity is a disease (91%), that obesity regulation sits in the hypothalamus (70%) and that obesity is due to disorders of appetite regulation (69%). However, 44% of the physicians thought that the most effective weight reduction method for severe obesity was lifestyle changes; 47% believed that obesity is due to lack of self-control, 14% mentioned lack of motivation and 22% stated laziness. Although 97% believed that physicians can help individuals with obesity and 56% suggested that obesity treatment should be prioritised, 87% of the physicians expressed that losing weight is the patients' responsibility. There was a positive association between higher knowledge and better adherence to obesity guidelines (B = 0.07, CI 0.02-0.12, p-value = 0.005) and feeling confident to suggest medication (p < 0.001) or bariatric surgery (p = 0.002). While 99% of the physicians felt confident to discuss lifestyle changes, 67% and 81% were confident to suggest medication or bariatric surgery, respectively. Respondents perceived that the greatest barrier in obesity management was lack of time (69%) and resources (49%). Conclusion There was a positive association between Swedish primary care physicians' knowledge and adherence to obesity guidelines and being more confident to suggest obesity treatment. Yet, many physicians had an ambivalent attitude towards obesity management.

  • 40.
    Christensen, Bodil
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health, Social Work and Behavioural Sciences, School of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Dahl-Nordström, Katia
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health, Social Work and Behavioural Sciences, School of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Män, förlossningsrädsla och Auroraverksamhet2012Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Research has shown fear of childbirth to be as common among men as women, but the phenomenon has not been as studied among men. Some men have trouble talking about their fear and therefore don’t get the support that they need. Where to go to get help is not so obvious for these men. The name mostly used for this clinic is Aurora. Men and women come here to get help and support to process their fears and plan for the upcoming delivery. Aurora is also available after a traumatic deliver to process the experience.

    The aim of this study was to describe men’s experiences of Aurora clinics as husband/partner accompanying a woman with fear of childbirth, and to investigate the existence of fear among the men themselves. Questionnaires were sent to 41 men, of who 27 answered who took part in Aurora clinic at a hospital in south of Sweden. The data was analyzed descriptive, with Chi-2 test and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. The results showed that all part taking men suffered from fear of childbirth to some extent, but the men chose to take part in Aurora mainly to support the woman. The men felt confirmed, supported and taken seriously. Most men had a positive childbirth experience after taking part in Aurora. A surprising find was that few men stated that a birth plan had been established, even thou this should be routine. The findings were surprisingly positive. The midwife giving antenatal care, is the one how should identify fear of childbirth in men and women, but no specific measures are taken to find them. In our study we found several men who were afraid of childbirth, who hadn’t been discovered before. Screening all parents-to-be for fear of childbirth could possibly be a way to find more.

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  • 41.
    Colombini, Manuela
    et al.
    London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, UK.
    Mayhew, Susannah H.
    London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, UK.
    Lund, Ragnhild
    Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Norway.
    Singh, Navpreet
    AstraZeneca PLC, UK.
    Swahnberg, Katarina
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Infanti, Jennifer
    Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Norway.
    Schei, Berit
    Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Norway.
    Wijewardene, Kumudu
    Univ Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka.
    Factors shaping political priorities for violence against women-mitigation policies in Sri Lanka2018In: BMC International Health and Human Rights, E-ISSN 1472-698X, Vol. 18, article id 22Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Although violence against women (VAW) is a global public health issue, its importance as a health issue is often unrecognized in legal and health policy documents. This paper uses Sri Lanka as a case study to explore the factors influencing the national policy response to VAW, particularly by the health sector. Methods: A document based health policy analysis was conducted to examine current policy responses to VAW in Sri Lanka using the Shiffman and Smith (2007) policy analysis framework. Results: The findings suggest that the networks and influences of various actors in Sri Lanka, and their ideas used to frame the issue of VAW, have been particularly important in shaping the nature of the policy response to date. The Ministry of Women and Child Affairs led the national response on VAW, but suffered from limited financial and political support. Results also suggest that there was low engagement by the health sector in the initial policy response to VAW in Sri Lanka, which focused primarily on criminal legislation, following global influences. Furthermore, a lack of empirical data on VAW has impeded its promotion as a health policy issue, despite financial support from international organisations enabling an initial health systems response by the Ministry of Health. Until a legal framework was established (2005), the political context provided limited opportunities for VAW to also be construed as a health issue. It was only then that the Ministry of Health got legitimacy to institutionalise VAW services. Conclusion: Nearly a decade later, a change in government has led to a new national plan on VAW, giving a clear role to the health sector in the fight against VAW. High-level political will, criminalisation of violence, coalesced women's groups advocating for legislative change, prevalence data, and financial support from influential institutions are all critical elements helping frame violence as a national public health issue.

  • 42.
    Dahlgren, Liza
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Peltonen, Linda
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Tillsammans i kaoset: - Hur sjuksköterskor upplever att patienter påverkas av arbetsmiljön på en akutmottagning2018Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The number of visits to emergency departments in Sweden has increased in recent years and high workloads are common. Large patient numbers, lack of care places and long waiting periods lead to stress in nurses and patient safety decreases. Nurses in emergency department feel that they are overworked and unable to provide the care they wish.

    Objective:  The aim of this study is to clarify nurses’ experiences of how patients are affected by the working environment in an emergency department.

    Method: A qualitative study of 12 nurses working at an emergency department was interviewed through semi-structured interviews. The analysis has been conducted through a qualitative latent content analysis.

     

    Result: The result is based on a theme "The working environment creates shortages in care" with two categories; "Risk of injury to the patient" and "Negative experience for the patient". When the workload is high, the nursing, communication and triage is lacking. Resources are not enough and patients can wait for medicines. Patients feels unseen and experience they are in the way. The result shows that integrity becomes insufficient when the workload is high and the nurses experience that patients feels stressed and anxious because of the environment.

     

    Conclusion: There are risks for the patients seeking medical care at the emergency department. Nurses are stressed, forgets and provides insufficient care and treatment. The working environment needs to be better for the nurses in order to provide the care they want as well as the care that patients deserve. The risks to the patients are highlighted from the nurse's perspective and continued research needs to be based on the patient's own experiences. Continued research is needed on routines for improving nursing care at emergency departments.

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  • 43.
    Dalsten Hjort, Anna
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Medicine and Optometry.
    Sjuksköterskors erfarenhet av strukturerad dokumentation i primärvården2023Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Svensk sjukvård har stora pågående förändringar som att flertalet av regionerna håller på att byta ut sina informationssystem. I bytet av informationssystem ska dokumentationen bli mer strukturerad och standardiserad för att den ska bli mer effektiv, säker och av högre kvalité. En del av astma- och KOL-sjuksköterskor arbetar redan idag med en strukturerad dokumentationsmall då en del av deras dokumentationsinformation över går över till kvalitetsregistret Luftvägsregistret. Att undersöka deras erfarenheter kan ge värdefull kunskap inför en bredare implementering. 

    Syfte: Att undersöka sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av strukturerad dokumentation i primärvården i mötet med astma- och KOL-patienter med fokus på patientsäkerhet, jämlik vård, tidssparande arbetssätt, vårdkvalitet, professioners autonomi.

    Metod: Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med nio astma-och KOL-sjuksköterskor som arbetade i primärvården och hade ett befintligt informationssystem som möjliggjorde direktöverföring till Luftvägsregistret. Deduktiv ansats användes med de bärande begreppen: patientsäkerhet, tidssparande arbetet, vårdkvalitet, jämlik vård, professioners autonomi användes när materialet bearbetades med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys.

    Resultat: Resultatet visade sammanfattningsvis att strukturerad dokumentation kan vara ett stöd för sjuksköterskorna i deras dagliga vardag då dokumentationsmallen hjälpte dem att komma ihåg vad de skulle fråga patienten om. Dokumentationsmallen upplevdes som omfattande och kunde vara tidskrävande som ny men efter ett tag var erfarenheten att den var tidssparande. Nationella riktlinjer och standardiserade dokumentationsmallar upplevdes av de flesta som stödjande att ge patienterna en god vård. Det krävs dock en yrkesprofessionalitet som yttrar sig i erfarenhet och kunskap för att veta när de kan frångå riktlinjer och hoppa över sökord i strukturerade dokumentationsmallar. 

    Slutsats: Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att arbeta med strukturerad dokumentation visar fördelar men också utmaningar när det gäller patientsäkerhet, jämlik vård, tidssparande arbetssätt, vårdkvalitet samt professioners autonomi. Resultatet från studien tillsammans med det teoretiska ramverket kan bidra med underlag till det kommande implementeringsarbetet.

  • 44. De Backer, G.
    et al.
    Catapano, A. L.
    Chapman, J.
    Graham, I.
    Reiner, Z.
    Perk, Joep
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Wiklund, O.
    Guidelines on CVD prevention: Confusing or complementary?2013In: Atherosclerosis, ISSN 0021-9150, E-ISSN 1879-1484, Vol. 226, no 1, p. 299-300Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 45. De Backer, Guy
    et al.
    Catapano, Alberico L
    Chapman, John
    Graham, Ian
    Reiner, Zeljko
    Perk, Joep
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Wiklund, Olov
    Guidelines on CVD prevention: confusing or complementary?2013In: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, ISSN 2047-4873, E-ISSN 2047-4881, Vol. 20, no 1, p. 6-8Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 46.
    Eklund, Björn
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Gustav, Hallenborg
    Patientomhändertagande under påverkan av hotfulla och våldsamma anhöriga: -En intervjustudie av sjuksköterskor i akutsjukvården i södra Sverige2020Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background. Threats and violence in emergency rooms are a growing problem both nationally and internationally. The most vulnerable are nurses, as previously described in current research. Studies have also described the factors that increase the risk that patients will behave violently. Relatives return in studies that map the etiology of threats and violence in emergency care but have never been studied in detail. Purpose. The purpose of the study was to describe the significance of threats and violence from family members for the patient care at an emergency room. The study also attempted to answer three specific questions related to this purpose, which focused on the impact of the family's threats and violence on caregiving, the interpersonal relationship and what strategies the nurse utilize in these situations. Method. The study was conducted with a qualitative approach. Ten nurses in five different emergency departments in the two southernmost regions in Sweden were interviewed with a semi-structured method during a four week period during the spring term of 2020. The emergency clinics were selected to represent both small and large departments as well as both rural and urban environments. Data was analyzed through content analysis according to Graneheim and Lundman´s method, both manifest and latent content were searched. Results. The result indicates that threatening and violent relatives have a direct impact on patient care. Relatives' threats and violence lead to a loss of empathy for the patient being cared for and the principles of nursing being violated. The result also points to a large loss of time in connection with the nurses being forced to deal with the relatives' threats and violence, time that would otherwise have been spent on caring for the patient. Re-prioritization and fast track of the patient being cared for are established as a result of the threats and violence of the relatives, which leads to medical priorities being left behind. The nurses are also forced to work out a variety of strategies to deal with the threats and violence of relatives in an attempt to reach the patient. One latent theme emerged Conclusion. Threatening and violent relatives in the emergency department lead to a significant deterioration of all aspects of the patient's care. Further research is needed to identify the extent of the problem.

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    Patientomhändertagande under påverkan av hotfulla och våldsamma anhöriga.
  • 47. Eklöf, Motzi
    Journalförda liv: Vårdpolitiska, juridiska och etiska aspekter på livsberättelser i vård och omsorg2015In: Livsberättelser, kultur & hälsa / [ed] Motzi Eklöf, Margareta Petersson, Växjö: Linnaeus University Press, 2015, p. 53-58Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 48.
    Ekstedt, Mirjam
    et al.
    KTH Royal Institute of Technology.
    Ödegård, Synnöve
    KTH Royal Institute of Technology.
    Exploring Gaps in Cancer Care Using a Systems Safety Perspective2015In: Cognition, Technology & Work, ISSN 1435-5558, E-ISSN 1435-5566, Vol. 17, no 1, p. 5-13Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Gaps in the continuity of care may appear as losses of information or momentum or as interruptions in the delivery of care. To systematically improve patient safety, we need to know more about how gaps in the continuity of health care are identified and mitigated. This study seeks to describe healthcare professionals’ understanding of how they anticipate, detect and handle gaps in cancer care. Ten focus-group interviews and two individual interviews were conducted with a total of 34 cancer-care professionals (physicians, nurses, managers and administrators)from three counties in mid-Sweden. Various specialties in cancer care were covered: primary care, inhospital care, palliative care, advanced home are, and children’s care. Interviews were analyzed inductively using qualitative content analysis. The results show that patient safety in cancer care is dependent on a resilient organization that is capable of anticipation, monitoring, adapting and learning at all levels of care. The professionals anticipated gaps in situations where contacts between healthcare providers were limited and when they were faced by time or resource constraints. The extent to which aps could be managed by professionals at the sharp end was largely determined by their bility to adapt to complex and unexpected situations in their daily work. The management of gaps was perceived differently by managers and clinicians, however. The study also indicates hat the continuity of care could be improved by patients’ participation in decisions about reatments and care plans, and by a mutual responsibility for the transfer of information and knowledge across professional boundaries. These results are discussed from a resilience ngineering perspective, and they emphasize the management’s responsibility to address gaps identified in the system. Designing resilient healthcare organizations enables professionals at  the sharp end to prevent human error or mitigate its consequences.

  • 49.
    Elisabeth, Cartaxo
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Sophia, Montero
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Kvinnlig könsstympning: Kvinnors upplevelser av könsstympning och mötet med västerländsk vård efter ingreppet2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 15 credits / 22,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Kvinnlig könsstympning är ett ingrepp då kvinnans klitoris, inre blygdläppar och yttre blygdläppar skärs bort och sys ihop i ett icke-medicinskt syfte, det finns fyra olika typer. Är vanligast förekommande i 29 länder. Lagen förbjuder att utföra könsstympning med eller utan flickornas samtycke. Det blir allt vanligare att människor från andra länder med annorlunda seder och traditioner bosätter sig i Sverige, detta leder till att sjuksköterskor möter människor med annan härkomst.

    Syfte: Syftet var att studera hur kvinnor upplever könsstympning samt bemötandet inom västerländsk vård efter ingreppet.

    Metod: Den kvalitativa studien byggde på sex biografier där kvinnorna utsatts för könsstympning och sedan mött vården i västvärlden. Biografierna analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys.

    Resultat: Tre kategorier genomlyser resultatet; Att lida i det tysta, Makt och kontroll och Mötet med vården.

    Slutsats: De krävs information och utbildning för förebyggandet av könsstympning och för att identifiera flickor i riskzon. Vårdpersonal måste vårda på ett varsamt sätt där kvinnan bejakas och hela upplevelsen förstås för att tillfredsställa kvinnors behov, för att kunna möta och ge god vård till de kvinnor som redan genomgått könsstympning.

    Download full text (pdf)
    Kvinnlig könsstympning
    Download (pdf)
    Bilaga 1 och 2
    Download (pdf)
    Bilaga 3
    Download (pdf)
    Bilaga 4 och 5
  • 50.
    Elmerstig, Eva
    et al.
    Malmö University.
    Wijma, Barbro
    Linköping University.
    Årestedt, Kristofer
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Linköping University.
    Swahnberg, Katarina
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Linköping University.
    Being “good in bed”: body concerns, self-perceptions and gender expectations among Swedish heterosexual female and male senior high-school students2017In: Journal of sex & marital therapy, ISSN 0092-623X, E-ISSN 1521-0715, Vol. 43, no 4, p. 326-342Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We investigated gender differences regarding body perceptions, self-perceptions, values and expectations in sexual situations, and factors associated with expectations, among Swedish heterosexual female and male high-school students. A total of 2,765 students (aged 18 to 22) completed questionnaires. Women reported lower satisfaction with themselves and their body appearance (p < 0.001), and felt more inferior to their partner (p < 0.001). Men felt more superior to their partner, and felt higher expectations (p < 0.001). Male sex, difficulty saying no to sex, dissatisfaction with the body, feeling inferior or superior to partner, and considering partner's satisfaction as more important, were all associated with feeling expectations during sex.

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