The results of this short research are a confirmation to the hypothesis that stretches throughout the area of information science and refers to the fact that knowledge of an information expert is one of the most volatile ones. Based on the analysis of four-year students' answers several areas not sufficiently present in the Department's educational programme were sorted out. Students primarily pointed to the problem of quality practicums that are, in their opinion, insufficiently covered by the programme. The same is true for courses dealing with computers in general. This primarily refers to the need to get acquainted with the area of programming and applications that are basic for the profession, as well as to introducing the courses on marketing and communicology. What students can expect is knowledge and skills that would prepare them and direct them for acquiring knowledge specific for a variety of working environments, knowledge for adaptation and development, which calls for constant development and growth.

The purpose of this article is to investigate high school students' information practices, their views on source criticism and source trust, and whether it is possible to implement altmetric indicators as tools during the source criticism-analysis of new information related to school assignments and theses. The empirical data is collected through surveys and semi-structured interviews with students and teachers in high school. Since all students in this study spend several hours each day on social media, it seemed natural that altmetrics would be the choice of metric, as this data is gathered from social media, scientific blogs, and reference tools. These are services and platforms where students spend their leisure time, and are therefore more relevant than informetrics based on, for example, scientific journals and databases, which are sources not widely used in high school.

Introduction. Due to the increased academisation of earlier vocational educations, higher education faces a dilemma when professional skills are theorised. Therefore, many students experience a gap between academic education and working life. In this study, students' information activities during professional training is explored as well as how they can support students' transition to working life. The aim of this study is to provide more knowledge about how students' information activities contribute to their transition into social communities at the workplace. Method. The empirical material was produced through 22 group interviews and 9 individual interviews with students on higher education programs aimed towards a particular occupation including professional training. Analysis. The analysis was conducted as an interaction between the empirical material, previous research and a practice theoretical approach. Four major themes were identified in the empirical material. Results. During their course of study, students seek, share and use information in different ways. In relation to professional training, their information activities change and develop as they socialise into workplace communities. Conclusions. Students' transition to working life is an ongoing process during academic educations, shown by students' changing information practices connected to professional training. During professional training students consolidate their understanding of workplace practices.

With the increasing academisation of vocational educations the need for higher education to prove to students the relevance of theoretical domain knowledge to professional experience is growing. One way of doing so is to provide students with opportunities for professional training during the course of their studies. The aim of this thesis is to explore the ways in which professional training help students to connect education with working life. The study is carried out through a practice theoretical lens on students’ information practices. It also entails exploring how their information activities contribute to their socialization within workplace communities and to their construction of professional identities. Through qualitative semi-structured interviews, the empirically driven analysis shows that students’ appropriation of information practices during professional training support learning, socialization into a workplace as well as identification with their future professional roles. Students’ information practices can be viewed as significant tools in the process of transition between education and profession where they function as facilitators for learning and participation in workplace activities. 

Debatt: Äntligen kom den: regeringens lagrådsremiss som ska stärka elevers rätt till skolbibliotek. Vi som utbildar blivande bibliotekarier gläds över remissen som i linje med forskning visar skolbibliotekets och skolbibliotekariers betydelse för elevers lärande. Samtidigt konstaterar vi att en lagändring också måste följas av riktade satsningar på landets bibliotekarieutbildningar för att förverkligas, skriver 16 biblioteksforskare.

In times of health crises, we rely upon the knowledge and skills of our highly specialized modern healthcare. But what are the tools and principles that healthcare relies on to make informed decisions about courses of treatments? In this paper, we will attend to documentary practices of hospital librarians in Health Technology Assessment (HTA), an example of how the evidence-based movement is enacted in modern healthcare.

Since resources for health care are limited, there is widespread political support for making rational choices based on evidence. Use of evidence is today a key element in health care at policy, administrative, and clinical levels (Banta & Jonsson, 2009). The evidence-based movement originates from the notion of evidence-based medicine (EBM) but can also be related to the broader movement evidence-based healthcare (Chaturvedi, 2017). The most reliable evidence is generally considered to be systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials, minimizing the risk of bias and allowing for causal explanations of interventions. In this way, EBM is grounded in a natural science-oriented epistemology directed towards quantitative and predictive studies (cf. Sundin, Limberg & Lundh, 2008). Arguably, (medical) librarianship and EBM share a common goal: the application of the best scientific research in the process of providing efficient and safe medical care to patients (Eldredge, 2000). In line with the development of the EBM paradigm, systematicreviews are also ascribed a high level of evidence within the field of LIS (Eldredge, 2000). Notably, systematic reviews connect to a core skill of librarians and related professions: literature searching. Overall, systematic reviews are designed to reduce bias and to synthesize scientific evidence to answer specific research questions (Higgins & Green, 2011).

HTA, a practice centered on synthesizing evidence through systematic reviews, originates from the US Office of Technology Assessment that produced a first report on the matter in the late 1970’s. In the late 1980’s, HTA spread to Sweden and then to other European, Latin American and Asian countries (Banta & Jonsson, 2009). Several international actors such as The World Bank, WHO, and the EU have been active in the field of HTA, providing funding, coordination and making HTA more visible (Banta & Jonsson, 2009). In Sweden, the independent national authority Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services (SBU) is tasked by the government to provide assessments of healthcare and social services covering both medical, economical, ethical and social aspects. SBU, one of the oldest HTA-organisations in the world, produces systematic reviews and has developed a review method outlined in the SBU Handbook (SBU, 2020). The local HTA-units studied in this paper follow the procedures and methods described in the SBU Handbook.

Major work tasks for hospital librarians include supporting healthcare staff in their information seeking and providing healthcare staff with relevant information (Lewis et al, 2011). Increasingly, such work is done in collaboration between clinicians, researchers and librarians (Hallam et al, 2010), and HTA-teams with medical doctors, librarians and other specialists can be seen as examples of this trend. In this paper we focus on hospital librarians – a profession often overlooked, but still crucial for many of the documentary practices associated with EBM in general, and HTA in particular. As part of an ongoing research project focusing on information work of hospital librarians in different professional practices, this paper is guided by the research question: how are documentary practices associated with HTA-reports shaped by, and shaping, the work of hospital librarians?

In this study we apply the concept of documentary practices, understood as activities surrounding various types of documents (Pilerot & Maurin Söderholm, 2019). Our research interest is based on the role and function of documents in practices, and how documents create and construct social practices (Brown & Duguid, 1996). The way we view documentary practices departs both from practice theory (see for example Nicolini, 2013; Reckwitz, 2002), as well as from critical document theory (Lund, 2009). From a practice theoretical approach all human action is regarded as practices which comprise a set of routinized social activities, norms and artefacts as well as a common idea on how the world is constituted (Reckwitz, 2002; Talja & McKenzie, 2007). Lund (2009) with the support of Smith (2005) suggests a critical view on documents and how they provide a pattern for upholding structures of power, where a focus on the content of the documents has transformed into a focus on documents as underpinning social life. According to Brown & Duguid (1996), documents structure practices and also contribute to bring together social activities, relations and interactions within practices, in the same way as social practices may influence documents. Documents are resources for negotiating the meaning of practices: the role of documents in practices is captured through the notion of "the social life of documents" (Brown & Duguid, 1996).

The empirical material of the ongoing research project includes nine in-depth interviews with hospital librarians and five observations of hospital librarians indifferent work situations, including search instructions and HTA-meetings, at three different hospital libraries in Sweden during January - February 2020. In this paper, we focus on the HTA-process and how documents like the HTA-report and the SBU Handbook interact with documentary practices. To provide additional empirical depth, supplementary interviews and observations from a fourth hospital library are planned.

Preliminary findings show how the HTA-process at two HTA-units entails five main categories of documentary practices: 1) initial searching when a clinicalquestion is submitted; 2) negotiating a literature search strategy in the HTA-team; 3) conducting the main literature searches; 4) making a selection; and 5) documenting the search process. The SBU Handbook contains several resources for negotiating the nature and meaning of these practices. One specific device that structures documentary practices in the HTA-process is the PICO-format (Population, Intervention, Control, Outcome), a tool widely used in EBM to negotiate and formulate literature search strategies. Other structuring devices include guidelines for making a selection and for rating the quality of evidence. Ouranalysis illustrates how hospital librarians enact and negotiate documentary practices located between the instructions provided by the authoritative SBU Handbook and the material outcome of the documentary practices: the HTA-report. In this way, the institutional structures of these documents are highlighted and point to both past and future activities (cf. Østerlund, Snyder, Sawyer, Sharma, & Willis, 2015), providing a deeper understanding of how EBM is enacted in healthcare as documentary practices of hospital librarians in HTA are unfolded.

Demands for an evidence-based healthcare increase and today all medical decisions are to be based on scientific results. The evidence-based healthcare means that hospital librarians have a stronger role as mediators of scientific information. The evidence-based movement implies a positivistic epistemological view that influences the information literacy practices. This study focuses how the information literacy practices of hospital librarians in Sweden are constructed and enacted in relation to different epistemological perspectives in healthcare. The analysis is structured around three identified practices of hospital librarians where information work is performed: the clinical practices, the information seeking practices and the health technology assessment (HTA)-practice. In these practices, different epistemological perspectives are present, which affects the information literacy practices of hospital librarians. There is a movement from the holistic knowledge connected to the clinical practices, via specialized knowledge and generic instructions in the information seeking practices, to the most specialized knowledge and positivistic perspective in the HTA-practice.

Purpose. The challenges to healthcare caused by the COVID-19 pandemic forced hospital librarians to develop their abilities to cope with change and crises, both on a social level and an organisational level. The aim of this study is to contribute to knowledge about how hospital librarians developed library services during the pandemic and how these changes contributed to building information resilience in the healthcare organisation. This paper also seeks to explore how resilience theory, and specifically the concept information resilience, can be used within library and information science (in LIS) to investigate resilience in the library sector.

Design/methodology/approach. Nine semi-structured interviews with librarians were conducted at four different hospital libraries in four different regions in Sweden between March and May 2022. The empirical material was analysed through an interaction between the tzheoretical perspective and the empirical material through a thematic analysis. In each theme, specific resilience resources are identified and analysed as components of the information resilience developed by hospital librarians.

Findings. The results show that hospital librarians contribute to several different information resilience resources, which support information resilience in the healthcare organisation. Three aspects characterize the qualities of resilience resources: access, flexibility, and collaboration. The findings suggest that the framework for analysing information resilience used in this study is well suited for studying the resilience of libraries from both organisational and informational aspects.

Originality/value. The analysis of information resilience on an organisational level presents a novel way to study resilience in the library sector.

Biblioteksgeografin är ett översiktsverk som på ett kartläggande vis introducerar de vanligaste bibliotekstyperna i Sverige samt sätter in dem i relevanta begreppsliga, juridiska och historiska sammanhang. I antologin presenteras och analyseras ett stort antal bibliotekskategorier såsom folk-, national-, skol-, företags- och sjukhusbibliotek.

Boken visar på bredden och komplexiteten som ryms inom det samlade biblioteksväsendet och på den mångfald av perspektiv som kännetecknar forskningen inom fältet. Författarnas skiftande bakgrund och kompetenser skapar en ändamålsenlig blandning av teoretiska och praktiska infallsvinklar på biblioteksverksamheten, med ingångar av såväl humanvetenskapligt som samhällsveten­skapligt slag.

Biblioteksgeografin vänder sig i första hand till studenter på grund­­­­l­äggande och avancerad nivå i biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap samt till företrädare för bibliotekarieprofessionen.

I den här rapporten redovisas statistik kring öppet tillgängliga vetenskapliga artiklar publicerade av forskare vid Linnéuniversitetet 2019. Som datakällor används DiVA, Unpaywall, Norska listan genom ProDiver, ConsortiaManager och Agresso. Rapporten är en del av universitetsbibliotekets arbete i att stödja universitetets arbete mot öppen vetenskap och har tagits fram bland annat för att kunna följa upp och utvärdera utfallet av den för 2020 nya bibliometriska indikatorn som baseras på öppet tillgänliga artiklar, och för att följa utvecklingen av öppen tillgång till artiklar och kostnader för dessa över tid. Rapporten ska också ses som ett stöd för diskussioner om finansiering och administration av kostnader för publicering i öppet tillgängliga tidskrifter.

I rapporten redovisas statistik kring öppet tillgängliga vetenskapliga artiklar publicerade av forskare vid Linnéuniversitetet 2020. Som datakällor användes DiVA, Unpaywall, ProDiver, ConsortiaManager, "dashboards" vid de förlag universitetet har transformativa avtal med, samt universitetets ekonomisystem. Rapporten är en del av stödet till universitetets arbete mot öppen vetenskap och har tagits fram bland annat för att kunna följa upp och utvärdera de transformativa avtal som universitetet slutit med förlag, och för att följa utvecklingen av öppen tillgång till artiklar och kostnader för dessa över tid. Rapporten ska också ses som ett stöd i diskussioner om finansiering och administration av kostnader för publicering i öppet tillgängliga tidskrifter.

I rapporten redovisas statistik kring öppet tillgängliga vetenskapliga artiklar, kapitel och böcker publicerade av forskare vid Linnéuniversitetet 2021. Som datakällor användes DiVA, Unpaywall, ProDiver, ConsortiaManager, "dashboards" vid de förlag universitetet har transformativa avtal med, universitetets ekonomisystem och Altmetric Explorer. Rapporten är en del av stödet till universitetets arbete mot öppen vetenskap och har tagits fram bland annat för att kunna följa upp och utvärdera de transformativa avtal som universitetet slutit med förlag, och för att följa utvecklingen av öppen tillgång och kostnader över tid. Rapporten ska också ses som ett stöd i diskussioner om finansiering och administration av kostnader för publicering i öppet tillgängliga tidskrifter.

I den här rapporten redovisas en uppskattning av Linnéuniversitetets kostnader 2018 för publicering av open access-artiklar, så kallade APC:er (Article Processing Charges). Det är vanligt att tidskrifter eller förlag tar ut en sådan avgift för publicering av artiklar i open access-tidskrifter (helt öppna), eller för att göra en enstaka artikel tillgänglig i en tidskrift som annars inte är öppen (hybrid).

I den här rapporten redovisas statistik kring de av Linnéuniversitetet publicerade vetenskapliga artiklar för 2018 som finns öppet tillgängliga. Som datakälla används DiVA, en databas där Linnéuniversitetets forskare ska registrera sina publikationer i syfte att samla information om det som universitetets forskare producerat på ett och samma ställe. Data från DiVA används till exempel även i en årlig bibliometrisk utvärdering, samt som hjälp för varje enskild forskare att kunna visa sina publikationer på ett samlat och enhetligt sätt på lnu.se. Databasen är dynamisk och forskare kan när som helst registrera publikationer retroaktivt. Universitetsbiblioteket granskar alla registrerade publikationer och kontrollerar den bibliografiska informationen. Vid granskningen av artiklarna kontrolleras om de finns öppet tillgängliga i någon form, vilket möjliggör undersökningar och sammanställningar baserat på detta.

This bachelor thesis examines at how libraries can function as meeting places in areas with inhabitants from sevral different countries. It is done in the form of a case study, with interviews and observations, of a minilibrary in a part of Växjö. The results are analysed with the help of Ragnar Audunsons theory about high and low intensity meeting places. According to the theory a high intensity meeting place is where a person meets people who share their intrests, whereas a low intensity meeting place is where the person are exposed to diffrent views. This study finds that the minilibrary in question funtions as both a high and a low intensity meeting place, depending on the context. When the children and youth living in the area use it as a place to meet after school, the library functions as a high intensity meeting place, and when the library hosts language cafés it becomes a low intensity meeting place.

Fiction is a challenging genre for automatic theme identification. Unlike other types of documents, such as physics academic papers, fiction does not always name the concepts it addresses, but rather implies them through subtle clues. Fiction also uses metaphors intentionally to convey deeper meanings. To make Swedish LGBTQ+ fiction more accessible, the Queerlit database (https://queerlit.dh.gu.se/) provides subject indexing by information professionals. They use the QLIT thesaurus (based on Homosaurus) for LGBTQ+ themes and Swedish Subject Headings (SAO – Svenska Ämnesord) for non-LGBTQ+ themes. The indexing is comprehensive and retrospective, assigning terms to previously published Swedish fiction.

This work aims to determine to what degree and under which conditions is it possible to automatically assign subject index terms from QLIT, in order to estimate the usefulness of automatic tools to support subject indexing conducted by information professionals. This process may require a large number of training documents which are not available (the entire Queerlit database has about 2000 works indexed and QLIT has about 800 terms, while SAO is much bigger). Therefore, another approach will be explored – whether automatically extracted terms from the texts provide the potential to complement existing, professionally assigned terms from QLIT and SAO. We experiment with zero-shot classification transformers and topic modeling.

The proposed paper will present the intermediate results of different methods applied to available texts from the QLIT database. It is important to note that the project is currently in an exploratory phase and that the presentation is intended to showcase how different approaches have both failed and succeeded. We also intend to highlight areas of possible applicability specifically from the perspective afforded by the QLIT thesaurus, i.e., the appropriateness of the methods for Swedish LGBTQ+ fiction. We will also discuss the challenges and limitations of automatic theme identification for fiction, especially for LGBTQ+ themes that are often implicit or nuanced.

The objective of this qualitative study is to examine the use of talking books in school libraries in Sweden, and to identify the key factors for using the Legimus app successfully. There are several laws, regulations and policy documents concerning the educational function of school libraries which specifically mention pupils’ right to learn taking into account their own specific circumstances. The situation, however, varies greatly around the country. The way in which school librarians work with Legimus is crucial for students with reading difficulties, and for their development and reading ability. Three points will be addressed: How do school librarians work with Legimus? Which factors of success can be found? What challenges do the school librarians encounter when working with Legimus? To investigate these issues, seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with school librarians in three different regions of Sweden during the fall of 2019. The material has been analysed from a sociocultural perspective, through the application of the concepts social practice, mediating tools and appropriation of cultural tools. The study shows that the work of the school librarians takes place inside, and is formed by, a social practice where action patterns, routines and work processes are shaped in relation to the specific context. The study further shows that teamwork plays a key part in working with Legimus, and that the school librarian cooperates with other professions, such as educational specialists, teachers, school computer technicians, head masters, and also with guardians. Well-developed joint effort, resources such as school librarians and other school staff, availability of technical equipment and the normalisation of listening as a method of reading, can all be identified as factors of success. The challenges identified were lack of continuity, insufficient competence of the school librarian and problems with the technical equipment.

The purpose with this study is to examine whether the library mission can be performed on the library’s website. Since in Sweden only a million people above the age of twelve lack a daily use of the internet, it is highly relevant to see what kind of services the physical library’s digital counterpart is carrying out. The method used is a case study where the functions of Stockholm’s city library’s website was examined. These functions were then organized after an adaption of a model created by Mierzeck and Suminas, made with the goal of analysing library websites. The purpose of this was to see what types of functions the website offers. The library mission was in turn formed into an analytical tool. This was done so that a comparison could be made between the offerings of the library website and with what the library mission entails. The theory The four spaces was included for its insights and analytical capacity. The results of the study shows that a library website is capable to perform the library mission, but with some difficulties. The services are more informational than interactive, which effects the user’s capacity to participate and in turn the library’s ability to assess the user’s needs. It is the recommendation of this paper to make the library websites more interactive and equal in terms of service with the physical library. By changing our views and seeing the digital and physical library with the same status, where activities and services are provided equally, the digital library can become a richer and stronger place for the users’ gain.

Library anxiety has been a concept since 1986, when Constance A. Mellon coined the phenomenon through her qualitative study on feelings that students experienced when interacting with academic libraries. In this essay we are looking at the origin of the concept through earlier research on the known barriers, trying to see what makes library anxiety unique compared to other seemingly related concepts, for example information anxiety. We’ve found many different concepts which can be part of library anxiety, or vice-versa, and many different extensions of LAS – the original scale to measure library anxiety. We aim to unravel some of those concepts we find of importance for library anxiety and its discourse. Looking at this through the lenses of Koselleck’s take on conceptual history, we see possible conflicts on where the concept library anxiety are heading; depending on what aspects of the concept the researcher read into and focusing on and in what context and time the articles were made. We also try to see who is considered responsible for shaping the discourse and if there is some kind of hegemonic struggle therein.

The question of the provision of electronic books in Swedish public libraries has lately evolved into a lively debate in Swedish media, where the public library‟s identity and itsexpected role as a democratic institution is an underlying topic. The aim of this bachelorthesis is to examine the idea of the public library‟s identity as expressed in newspaperand journal articles by writers connected to the library sector. The aim is achieved byexamining the language-use and identifying discourses in the debate. We use adiscourse analysis inspired by Norman Faircloughs critical discourse analysis, focusingon linguistic aspects of the text as well as the surrounding context which the texts bothinfluence and are influenced by. By applying linguistic tools, two main discourses areidentified on a superior level, of which one, the information technology discourse, isconsiderably more dominant than the other and has obtained a hegemonic position overa far less distinguishable, yet present counter-discourse. Furthermore, three internaldiscourses are identified on a subordinated level, as constituting the informationtechnology discourse. These three discourses, the market discourse, the technologicaldiscourse and the provision discourse are not to be seen as contrary to each other butrather as three aspects together constructing the superior information technologydiscourse.

The focused crawler in ALVIS is based on the Combine system, whichis an open source system for crawling Internet resources. This deliverable is the software package, the text here describes the software, packaging and distribution of the focused crawler. It provides instructions for how to download, install, test and use the Combine system for focused crawling. Evaluation of performance and scalability aredescribed.Finally a lot of details about the software structure and configuration is provided.

The topic of this article is the Commons, an integrated school and public library network in an urban multi-ethnic neighbourhood in southern Sweden. In 2011, the Commons network was awarded a national prize as the best school library in Sweden for its outstanding collaboration with the teachers and its exemplary work in stimulating learning. The study explores ways this library – school partnership contributes to the development of literacy and democratic competencies, allowing children to become active members of their local community.

L’article discute des pratiques d’engagement et de développement de littératies menées par un réseau de bibliothèques scolaires et publique intégrées, dans un quartier urbain multiethnique en Suède. La discussion traite en particulier les modalités de collaboration avec l’école, les familles, les associations, les centres de loisirs et autres acteurs du quartier, ainsi que les stratégies mises en place pour prévenir le désengagement scolaire. Le réseau de bibliothèques combine la connexion digitale et la collaboration par communautés de pratique virtuelles, avec un caractère de fort enracinement local, exprimé par son participation dans de nombreuses activités du quartier. La continuité dans les perspectives a permis d’affiner des compétences adaptées au contexte local spécifique et incite à investir dans le long terme, alors que la continuité de personnes a permis d’approfondir les relations collaboratives. La pédagogie inclusive, avec des racines dans l’éducation populaire, focalise la collaboration et l’émancipation, tant individuelle que collective. Plusieurs des activités de la bibliothèque, comme les cercles de lecture, visent l’expression, le travail sur les émotions et la diversité culturelle. Finalement, il ressort que le soutien accordé à toutes les langues du quartier, ainsi que l’utilisation de la multimodalité, favorisent particulièrement l’engagement scolaire des élèves issus de familles migrantes. 

Libraries are critical learning spaces and may play a significant role in intercultural education initiatives, particularly in Sweden where the national curriculum ascribes central functions to libraries for learning activities. Unfortunately, the ways in which teachers and librarians may collaborate to leverage mutual resources is not fully understood. This article uses Pirjo Lahdenperä’s model of intercultural education development to consider the case of a small school library in a highly diverse urban neighbourhood. Although public libraries in Scandinavia can support intercultural educational values by addressing individual needs and complementing curriculum-based teaching, the development of new teaching practices requires additional guidance as well as institutional support.

The main focus in this bachelor thesis is directed at the male librarian. Our purpose is to investigate how male librarians experience working in a female dominated profession. We do this by interviewing six male librarians at two public libraries in the south of Sweden. With this thesis we want to further investigate how the male librarians percieve the uneven representation of gender in their line of work. We will also be looking at possible differences in treatment from the library users based on gender, and if the division of work duties differ based on gender. Lastly we will also be examining if the male librarians experience any perks or disadvantages based on their gender.

In our investigation process we are using a theoretical framework. Which contains Judith Butlers theory of performativity and Hanna Westberg-Wohlgemuths dissertation about the sex marking process.

The conclusion of this bachelor thesis is that male librarians do not generally experience the gender segregation as something that brings with it negative reactions based on their gender, but instead they recieve positive feedback and reactions from both colleagues and library users. They do however feel that men in the librarian profession can get perks when it comes to recrutation if the qualifications are equal between both applicants. When it comes to division of work duties the men feel like they are expected to know more about IT, while the childrens activites is charactarized as a female part of the workplace.

To state what school librarians contribute within school systems is one objective within library science. As of today, there is no doubt that school librarians are a part of students’ development due to several studies which show that staffing, work hours and qualified staff has a positive influence over student achievement. But to present how educated school librarians are a part of student achievement and to present what educated school librarians actually know and do to achieve higher student scores are two separate research themes. It is in the latter area this paper commences. The aim has been to study which competencies educated school librarians themselves think they possess and as sampling seven upper secondary school librarians were interviewed. As the results show information literacy, critical thinking, user knowledge and specific record management, are competencies which are thought to originate in the school librarians’ educational background. Due to this correlation conclusions can be made to say that these competencies are a part of the puzzle that explains why educated school librarians have an impact on student achievement.

The essay examines the expression ”bildung” (”bildning” in Swedish) in relation to book circles. The essay argues that the definition of bildung is not constant. The essay puts the expression in different historical contexts. With empirical evidence, the meaning of the expression can be investigated. A survey has been conducted in the form of four qualitative interviews. The public libraries' goal of promoting interest in bildung can be examined by analyzing the reasoning of the informants. The purpose of the essay is to examine the circle participants' perception of literary bildung and the librarians' goals for literary bildung. The purpose is also to compare the librarians' goals with the circle participants' perception of bildung. A model extracted from Judith Langer's theories is used as the analytical method. The results show that literary bildung is something the participants experienced in that the circle helped them understand others and make things more human. It is also argued that the circle provides tools for them to define and redefine themselves and others. They have not experienced to the same extent that the circle helps them find themselves or that it challenges them intellectually.

The digital collection has been created to the purpose of ensuring better access to information for the blind and visually impaired. New technologies enable quick and simple access to information for this group of information users which had been so far restricted to slow and expensive process of material preparation (Braille texts, audio books, large print). Speech synthesis enables the blind to surf the World Wide Web and reach the information just as people who can see do. In order to make Internet retrieval efficient for all user categories (world statistics state that between 10% and 20% of population are people with different special needs), W3C Consortium has created guidelines (http://www.w3c.org/WAI/Resources) about ways in which web pages can be made accessible for all.

Committee on Automation of the Croatian Library Association started in March 2000 “The Internet in Libraries” and “Libraries on the Internet” action, in co-operation with the Public Libraries Division. The aim of the action was to help Croatian public libraries with computerisation and making them and their catalogues accessible via the Internet. In the article the action is described and results of the research (the first phase of the action) are presented.

Text and image digitisation - general overview of terminology and technology of digitisation ; practical part: scanning, OCR, text editing, image digitising, creation of .pdf or .html digitised document, search engine implementation ; discussion of problems concernig digitisation.

The right to knowledge isn't questionable, only the ability to fulfil that right. Especially by the people with special needs, disabled people, in our case sight impaired and blind persons. Therefore the authors will talk about speech synthesis and ability to "read" books to sight impaired persons. The MBROLA speech synthesizer will be presented. Because nobody can deny any persons right to knowledge, the library and especially the National library has a duty to offer books to everybody who is interested in reading. The another thing that the authors will talk about is how to get books in digital form, which is needed for speech synthesis. The whole idea is making peace between intellectual property (authors) and right to knowledge (readers).

The role of public library in post communist countries and countries in transition does not stop with the basic library functions (book loans, children sector etc.) but its role has become more responsible as well as complex. In last few years, Croatian people, bombed by the media, are being confronted with new political terminology. What is that thing called 'democracy', what does it mean to have a 'right to elect', what kind of society is 'open society', what kind of society are we living in? These are only some frequently asked questions that ordinary Croatian citizen is looking to find an answer on. Schools, newspapers and television (mass media) are no longer enough in the process of education. Public library has to take over the role of an educator that will guide users through «secret political terminology» and enable them to take an active role in political life of their community. In the public Libraries of Zagreb and Zadar we wanted to see users' opinion about the library as a democracy learning place so we exhibited books about democracy, totalitarism, political processes, etc. We were interested in finding out if users recognize library as a place where information of political context can be find.

Effective WebPAC (OPAC accessible on the World Wide Web) implementation and administration requires a good strategy. The purpose of this research was to determine the extent to which WebPAC management in the University of Zagreb faculty libraries is supported by a defined strategy that makes a part of the general library planning, development and activities. The hypothesis was that the libraries do not have a well-developed strategy for implementing or administering the WebPAC. The conclusion is that the University of Zagreb faculty libraries insufficiently deal with WebPAC management.

For a person who has been diagnosed with a disability at some point in their life, their ability to be an active democratic citizen in our information society changes. This thesis examines what kind of challenges the Swedish public libraries and librarians faces in their day-to-day work connected to the specific group of users with vision-related disabilities and discusses and analyze public librarians' perception of what digital skills means to them. 

In the combination of people with visual impairments and their digital needs and competence development and on the actual conditions and challenges existing at the Swedish public libraries regarding digital services for people with visual impairments, the study identifies several challenges for both parties. The study results present an insecurity among librarians regarding the expectations to adjust and help with digital guidance, when they still are feeling insecure about what kind of digital competence expects of them. 

During the qualitative interviews, a shared experience of anxiety, uncertainty, and an uneven level among the library staff regarding basic digital competences and where the "boundary" is revealed. The uneven level of digital competence is highlighted as problematic, as the patrons are assumed to be treated differently on repeated visits to the public library.

The study identifies several challenges that would further encourage both the individual, the profession, the institution as well as society and research to study further. New knowledge in a library context has been identified and needs to be studied in a broader and more comprehensive research study.

Abstrakt

Engelsk titel: Digital reading promotion for adults -a qualitative interview study

This study aims to analyse how librarians in Swedish public libraries utilize digital media to promote reading among adults. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with librarians in southern and central Sweden. This study uses a practice-theoretical approach by analysing the data through the concepts of material, competenses and meaning. The findings include a generally positive view on digital media, which are primarily used to enhance accessibility for the elderly and inidividuals with reading disabilities. Furthermore, the findings include that the printed book is still the primary format used in library programs. This might be due to the high cost of certain types of digital media, for example the cost of e-books, as well as practical reasons which makes printed books easier to use in library reading promotion.

Two subjects which have grown constantly larger due to globalization are diversity and LGBTQ. This can be seen since people with different sexualities, religions, ethnicities and much more have become more visible in Sweden. Therefore, one can ask oneself how diverse the literature is at public libraries, especially if a certain genre such as LGBTQ is placed at a special section called rainbow shelves. This issue will be examined in this study. To show how important it is to include and acknowledge everyone and not only some groups, social recognition by Axel Honneth has been chosen as the theory of this paper. In order to see how diverse the literature in rainbow shelves are, a qualitative content analysis, based on four different semi-structured interviews with four different individuals, has been made. Only librarians from libraries which have rainbow shelves has been interviewed, but they were spread all over Sweden, from north to south. The interviews took place during April 2018. The result shows that the libraries have diverse LGBTQ-literature to a certain degree. They can only purchase as much diverse LGBTQ-literature as exists and unfortunately, there is not much diverse LGBTQ-literature available. Due to this, the four public libraries cannot acknowledge individuals who are not included in the white normativity or western standards. The discussion revealed that the rainbow shelves of the participating libraries do not represent a greater diversity. However, there are rainbow shelves where diversity is more represented than in other rainbow shelves. It was also found that there is a limited amount of multilingual LGBTQ-literature and that it is complicated to find. Not enough multilingual LGBTQ-literature is published to enable public libraries to find and make this available to a wider extent. All participating libraries work in some way to support the diversity of the rainbow shelves and make them more representative. This work is mainly done by getting inspiration from other libraries’ rainbow shelves or by searching for diverse LGBTQ-literature.

For western youth social media has become an everyday occurrence. An abundance of information is delivered right to them. But how do they evaluate the credibility of the information they encounter? Web 2.0 and social media has created an easy access to information, but has also made it harder to identify who the creator of the information is when anybody can create content. Which makes it important to constantly critically evaluate the sources one is faced with. T​his study aims to examine how adolescents judge the credibility of information they meet on social media, and also how they use social media and how they see themselves as creators of information. The data was accumulated by conducting two group interviews with three participants in each group. The results has been analyzed with two separate theories, cognitive authorities and also with the theory of uses and gratifications. The results showed that they are more critical to information created by sources that the do not know personally, than they are of users that the know on an closer level. The study also shows that they do not ​perceive that they create content themselves on a regular basis. But they are still constantly connected with their friends on some sort of social media. Based on this study future relevant studies can be made with social media as the focus. This study focus on adolescents with a similar socioeconomic background, the same study but with different socioeconomic backgrounds would be interesting to make. Results in this study shows that an older generation is starting to use social media in a different degree then before, therefore studies in how this generation evaluate information the meet on social media could be interesting since they have an education that differ from the one adolescents get today.

Despite a growing number of digital LGBTQI (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, queer, intersex) history archives, and research-driven digital LGBTQI initiatives, queer perspectives have not been prominent in the digital humanities. Furthermore, investigations of LGBTQI in literary history is hampered by the fact that, to date, there are no broad scholarly inventories of such literature. Due to the absence of exhaustive bibliographies, scholars need to perform time-consuming, human reading of individual works and imprecise searches in order to locate LGBTQI motifs and themes. Research on subject indexing has also revealed that controlled vocabularies in use are too general to describe LGBTQI themes, motifs, and characters in a relevant manner. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how LGBTQI literature can be made more searchable, and more visible through the development of a quality-controlled subject specific database (QUEERLIT database) in which specialized subject indexing is applied. Methodological challenges pertaining to indexing of queer literary texts with implicit LGBTQI motifs are discussed, as well as theoretical considerations raised when assigning certain contemporary subjects to historical texts.

This work focuses on questions of knowledge organization related to literary fiction. How can LGBTQI fictional literature become more accessible to readers and scholars? The project Queerlit Metadata Development and Searchability for LGBTQI Literary Heritage addresses this question in two ways: by the development of a thesaurus for the description of Swedish LGBTQI literature, and by building a curated bibliographical database for this material with flexible search options. Despite the community and scholarly interest in LGBTQI literature, relevant LGBTQI literature is hard to find both for readers and researchers. Subject indexing is underdeveloped for this topic, and subject headings have been historically inadequate and offensive. The paper focuses on how LGBTQI literature can be made more easily accessible through subject indexing. This will make new research possible, such as gaining overviews of the development of specific themes over time, the presence of LGBTQI literature within or outside of the literary canon or in different genres and changing ideas and perceptions concerning sexualities and gender identities. It will also accommodate user’s needs of better access to LGBTQI themed fictional literature.

Det har blivit allt viktigare för biblioteken att kunna visa på sin betydelse i samhället. Mätetal och utvärderingar är nödvändiga instrument för att kunna jämföra satsningar på biblioteken med satsningar på andra områden. Men finns det en synergi mellan mätetalen och verksamhetens planer och mål? Hur mäter vi måluppfyllese i biblioteksverksamheten? Finns det kvalitetsindikatorer som vi har gemensamma oavsett bibliotekstyp? Hur kan biblioteksstatistiken användas? Vad gör bibliotekens utvärderingar för avtryck i beslutsprocessen? Vad gör bibliotekens utvärderingar för avtryck i samhället?

För att svara på frågorna ovan har expertgruppen påbörjat ett arbete med att kartlägga hur svenska bibliotek arbetar med utvärdering. I det arbetet har vi bland annat sett vikten av ett gemensamt språk mellan bibliotekstyperna i arbetet med utvärderingar och kvalitetsutveckling. Gruppen kommer att under år 2014 publicera ett utvärderingsverktyg för bibliotek. Där kan bibliotek finna vägledning och stöd i valet av utvärderingsmetod, i genomförandet och i nyttjandet av utvärderingars resultat i syfte att utveckla och synliggöra biblioteksverksamheten.

I det här papret presenterar vi syftet med vårt arbete och den metod vi har använt samt mer ingående berättar om hur vi har tänkt kring det verktyg som vi i slutet av papret ger en beskrivning av – ett verktyg som går under namnet "Utvärderingshjälpen".

Vid konferensen kommer vi att presentera hur en årscykel kan se ut vid ett bibliotek som väljer att använda sig av utvärderingsarbete och systematiskt kvalitetsutveckling i nära relation till måluppfyllelse och till dialog med beslutsfattare samt omgivande samhälle. Vi presenterar också hur "Utvärderingshjälpen" skall kunna användas som stöd i det arbetet.

The purpose of this bachelor’s thesis is to examine the libraries' view of their own role and its relation to democracy, to identify any obstacles to the library's mission on being an inclusive public space. We do this through a qualitative content analysis, based on intersectional theory, on the proposal for a National Strategy for Libraries, The Treasure Trove of Democracy. We conclude that depictions of libraries and librarianship represented in the empirical material limits the ability to break down discriminatory structures within the institution.

The aim of this bachelor thesis is to explore how families with children use and perceive the collection and activities the public library offers children up to nine-year-old. I also want to seek knowledge about how families with children receive information about these activities. The library user, more and more becomes an important asset when it comes to developing and designing the library. User studies have become useful tools to gain knowledge about users. The study aims to analyse how users use and perceive activities at the public library and how they receive information about what activities the public library offers. I used qualitative interviews as a data collection method, where seven caregivers have been interviewed. The Four Spaces model by Casper Hvenegaard Rasmussen, Henrik Jochumsen and Dorte Skot-Hansen has been used as a theoretical framework. According to the model, The Four Spaces, the study shows that families with children foremost use the public library as a place to explore and excite, than to participate and create. However, the users request activities for these ages, creative and cultural activities where the children participate. Families with children use the public library, primary for book reading and book loans. They perceive the activities arranged by the public library as positive. They receive information about theatre performances, but the users still request further information about what the library offer.