The purpose of this article is to describe how the qualitative target “men’s violenceagainst women and violence in close in close relationships” has beenimplemented and integrated into the nursing program at Linnaeus University.Another purpose is to contribute with ideas and didactic methods within thefield of knowledge. The introductory part provides a brief background to theGovernment’s decision to add a new qualitative target in the Higher EducationOrdinance for seven vocational educations in 2018. Thereafter it ispresented how the qualitative target is implemented and integrated in threeof the nursing program’s courses. The description focuses on the work ofsystematically designing teaching and learning so that the courses’ examinationsare linked to learning outcomes, type of instructions and progression.
Few Swedish studies investigated experiences of childhood maltreatment inadolescents with substance use problems, especially in outpatient care. Thisstudy analyzed experiences of neglect and abuse during childhood in adolescents(mean age 18 years) who started outpatient treatment for substanceuse problems. The results showed that several of them had experience ofchild maltreatment. Child maltreatment was also related to perceived problemsin the upbringing family, e.g. financial difficulties, substance use problems,mental illness and violence in the family. This indicate the importanceto investigate experiences of child maltreatment among adolescents in treatmentfor substance use problems, especially since there is evidence todaythat psychiatric co-morbidity (e.g. trauma reaction and drug problems)should be treated simultaneously to achieve the best effect.
This article highlights the obstacles and opportunities in implementing a screening method to identify problem gambling among persons receiving income support within the social services in Gothenburg. The empirical ma-terial was collected through both a study of problem gambling with the two screening instruments NODS and NODS-PERC, and five interviews with ad-ministrators. The study shows that it is possible to identify problem gamblers in social services with both of the screening interviews, but it also illustrates the difficulties that existed under the implementation of this new approach in the social services.
Studien belyser Coronapandemins eventuella betydelse för de 658 ungdomar som påbörjade behandling för alkohol- och narkotikaproblem på Maria-mottagningarna i Stockholm, Göteborg och Malmö år 2020 vad gäller droganvändning och psykosocial situation jämfört med uppgifter för 2016-2019. I studien observeras flera parallella förändringar kring ungdomarnas alkohol- och cannabisanvändning som kan hänga samman med förändrade umgängesmönster till följd av en ökad social distansering under pandemin. Dessa positiva indikationer kan ställas mot en befarad ökad psykisk ohälsa de kommande åren.
Adolescent who use cannabis, also drink alcohol frequently. This article il-lustrates how risky alcohol consumption among adolescents entering treat-ment at the Maria clinics in Stockholm, Göteborg and Malmö for abuse of cannabis, is related to drog use patterns and to different background and risk factors. The study is based on structured interviews with 887 adolescents and the analysis distinguishes nine different risk factors that are strongly related to their combined use of cannabis and alcohol. A conclusion is that it is important to pay attention to adolescents risky alcohol consumption and, if necessary, also providing specific interventions targeting alcohol problems.
There is a lack of knowledge about the adolescents who are in contact with the outpatient care in Sweden for alcohol and drug problems. The purpose of this article is to describe the adolescents who receive treatment at Maria outpatient care in Stockholm, Gothenburg and Malmö, on the basis of an empirical material from the structured interview UngDOK. The descriptive cross-sectional study is based on a material on 755 adolescents who had begun a treatment contact. The study highlights the importance to include several risk and protective factors in the screening and assessment instruments addressed to adolescents entering care and treatment for substance abuse problems, to identify and pay attention to these factors in the treatment process.
Från ett tillstånd som tidigare har kopplats till en relativt begränsad andelbarnoch ungdomar har ADHD-diagnosen nu fått en större roll och betydelsei detsvenska samhället. Syftet med denna artikel är att analyseraoch diskuteraförekomsten av ADHD-diagnoser hos ungdomar som påbörjaröppenvårdför alkohol- och narkotikaproblem och hur diagnosen kan relaterastillsocialaförhållanden, droganvändning och psykisk hälsa. Studien baseraspå struktureradeintervjuer med 2169 ungdomar från nio städer för åren2013, 2014 och 2015. Resultaten visar att en betydande andel ungdomarsom vändersig till öppenvård också har en ADHD-diagnos, att det har sketten stor ökning de senaste åren, att det är en stor lokal variation och attdennagrupp ungdomar är psykosocialt utsatta med omfattande probleminom många livsområden. Den ökade förekomsten bland både pojkar ochflickor och den stora lokala variationen väcker frågor om ADHD-diagnosersorsak, tillförlitlighet och konsekvenser.
The article aims to highlight Swedish children's health in relation to high intensity custody disputes and to relate the results to international research. Empirical data consist of district court acts and parent interviews, explored through qualitative content analysis. Regardless of empirical material, the results indicate that children's reactions are internalizing but also externalizing and somatic symptoms. There are also children who react through a developmental delay or regression. In addition, the results show that children with disabilities are over-represented. The results are in line with previous international research indicating that there is a connection between the children's health, the duration of the conflict, the parents' health and parental ability. Younger children living with parental custody disputes need attention from a health perspective e.g. by preventive interventions.
The aim of the study was to describe the opportunities for using video games in daily intercourses among elderly with dementia. Data were collected by interviews, a questionnaire and participated observation. The results were shown that the staffs were unknown with technology in general, but they were positive to test video games among the persons receiving care. It was shown that video games were suited among elderly with dementia, but it required help from the staffs. Thus, video gaming was an excellently opportunity for being together. However, the question if video games are suitable also for rehabilitation is still remaining.
Drug use among unaccompanied minors has been covered extensively by the media in recent years and has often been characterised as an escalating social problem. The article describe similarities and differences between unaccompanied minors and other youths who begin outpatient treatment for substance abuse in relation to their social situations, use of drugs, criminal activity, exposure to violence and physical and mental health. The study is based on structured interviews with 1,225 youths at twelve outpatient clinics in Sweden, 93 of these individuals are unaccompanied minors. The study shows that unaccompanied minors, in spite of traumatic experiences and significant psychological distress, use alcohol and drugs to a lesser extent than other youths who begin outpatient treatment. It can thus be problematic to regard these young people as a particularly high-risk group who present major challenges to the Swedish welfare system.
This paper presents results from a study of reliability concerning stability in self-reported information obtained from a standardized interview from a documentation system in Sweden (the DOK system). The paper also presents and discusses the choice of relevant statistical methods for testing and analyzing results from this type of reliability study. The degree of agreement between two different interviews for a total of 78 individuals from the database of DOK has been calculated and analyzed. The study shows a high level of stability for the self-reported information. Satisfactory or good reliability was achieved for 27 of the 28 studied variables. Another implication is that is it important to use relevant statistical methods when identifying strengths and weaknesses in this type of instruments and in order to make reliable conclusions from the results.
The purpose is to deepen the understanding of the challenges and pos-sibilities that the implementation of systematic follow- ups can entail in social work. The systematic follow-up is an example of public knowledge governance. The empirical material is retrieved from a research project in Sweden, in the years 2014 – 2016, where the purpose was to support the implementation of systematic follow-ups of work directed at children in their capacity of relatives. Methodologically, the Scandinavian model is applied for participatory action research. The result shows that the work is characte-rized by uncertainty and that two systems of follow-ups existed. The follow-up systems were directed from different competing institutional logics.
Health care professionals in palliative cancer care often meet emotionally sensitive patients and relatives. An important aspect of these encounters is the use of language; to listen to, understand and adapt to the patients’ and relatives’ own discourse. The MEPAC project raises awareness of language use by focusing on metaphors. Our approach is grounded in empirical me-taphor research, which takes note of metaphorically used words and phrases in authentic texts. This article offers a qualitative analysis of war and battle metaphors in texts written by six bloggers with cancer diagnosis. This type of metaphors has been the object of previous scholarly debate. The analysis shows that all of the blogs include war and battle metaphors. The use of these metaphors is complex; the metaphors can have both positive and negative effects. The results are significant for professionals working in Swedish pal-liative care: perceptiveness of metaphor use enhances the prerequisites for individualized care.
Det går en röd tråd genom den politiska debatten om sjukfrånvaron – alltför många utnyttjar sjukförsäkringen, allt för ofta och allt för länge. Av detskälet har rätten till sjukpenning preciserats och skärpts. Nu ska individensrestarbetsförmåga tillvaratas även vid sjukdom och det är bara riktig sjukdomsom ska ge rätt till ersättning. Under en sexmånaders period beslutade Försäkringskassani fem län att avslå eller dra in sjukpenningen helt eller delvisi 537 ärenden. De försäkrade bedömdes inte vara arbetsoförmögna till följdav sjukdom. Den här undersökningen visar att risken att nekas sjukpenningvarierar kraftigt för olika diagnoser och att det är vissa typer av sjukdom ochohälsa som fastnar i den skärpta gränskontrollen.
Studien fokuserar de hinder och möjligheter kring omsorg som äldre erfar när de kommer hem efter en sjukhusvistelse. Under de intervjuer med äldre som genomförts framkom att en del äldre fått omsorg från ett projektteam medan andra fick stöd av ordinarie hemtjänst i samband med och efter hemkomsten från sjukhuset. Resultaten visar att de äldres erfarenheter av att erhålla omsorg från hemtjänst eller från projektet skiljer sig markant bland annat beroende på hur flexibelt omsorgsarbetet utförs. För drygt 35 år sedan tog omsorgsforkaren Waerness (1983) upp vikten av teamarbete och flexibel organisering för att kunna ge äldre en god omsorg. Studien styrker att omsorgens organisering är av vikt. Trots att det gått mer än 35 år sedan Waerness betonade betydelsen av flexibelt omsorgsarbete visar undersökningen att merparten av de intervjuade saknar det.
För tio år sedan introducerades en evidensbaserad behandlingsmodell vid barnmisshandel i Sverige och en omfattande implementeringsprocess inleddes. Behandlingsmodellen KIBB (CPC-CBT, Combined Parent Child-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy) introducerades som ett bottom-up initiativ från socialt arbete. Implementeringen kan beskrivas utifrån faserna behovsinventering, installation av metoden, metoden börjar användas och vidmakthållande av metoden. Fyra team utbildades inledningsvis och lovande resultat av behandlingen identifierades i en pilotstudie. Fortsatt implementering pågår och ytterligare ett hundratal behandlare har utbildats i metoden. Mer än tusen familjer har hittills fått del av behandlingen. I pågående studier undersöks behandlingseffekter och barns upplevelser av behandlingsinterventionen. Erfarenheter från implementeringsprocessen liksom remitterande socialsekreterares uppfattningar om behandlingsprogrammet presenteras i artikeln. Erfarenheterna från tio års implementering diskuteras, där såväl hinder som framgångsfaktorer i implementeringsprocessen identifierats.
Library and information studies research has shown how infrastructures and data are, contrary to common perceptions, not neutral but take part in sha- ping what they represent and the contexts in which they are used. Starting off from these insights we discuss Swedish media reports from November 2015 about a possible alteration of the abortion limit due to recent findings in neonatal care and research. Register data from the Swedish Neonatal qua- lity register figured in the background to the media reports. In this article we discuss how specific data and infrastructures can be understood as relational and hold different roles and meanings in different circumstances. The circum- stances in this case are both neonatal care and abortion. The significances of the data consequently concern life as well as death.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the world´s most common sexually transmitted infections. HPV can cause cell changes and cervical cancer in women, but the virus is also one of the causes of anal, head and neck cancer. Several problem areas have been identified in connection with the introduction of the HPV vaccination in the childhood immunisation programme. One problem is the difficulty to obtain informed consent for HPV vaccination. From a gender perspective, it is a problem that only girls are offered the HPV vaccination in the childhood vaccination programme. By only vaccinating girls, the image of girls being carriers is stigmatised. Boys do not have access to free vaccinations, although they are carriers of HPV and may get cancer. By excluding boys from the general vaccination programme, vulnerable groups are discriminated against, for example, men who have sex with men.
Förskolebarns fysiska aktivitet har en viktig hälsopromotiv effekt mot flera av våra välfärdssjukdomar. Därför är det av yttersta vikt att förskolemiljön stimulerar förskolebarnen till en hälsosam fysisk aktivitet. I Kidscape projektet studerade vi förskolebarns fysiska aktivitet under vistelsen på förskolan. Syftet var att hitta faktorer i skolgårdens utemiljö som påverkar barnens aktivitetsmönster. Aktivitetsmönstret studerades med både subjektiva (CARS och kvalitativ observation) och objektiva metoder (pedometri och accelerometri). Resultatet visade att förskolebarnens fysiska aktivitet var högre i förskolor med en bra skolgårdsmiljö. Slutsats: förskole gårdens utformning kan främja en hälsosam fysisk aktivitet hos förskolebarn.
Since 2007 a number of art- and research projects have been implemented where people who suffer from neurodegenerative impairments have participated in conversations about art. Previous research on these projects has mainly been focused on the physical and mental effects the art tours have had on the participants, based on interviews, surveys and questionnaires. In this text we choose to explore a different aspect of the art tours where we discuss how dialogue-based art education makes the connection between aesthetic experiences and subjecthood visible.
Till skillnad från många andra tillstånd som behandlas inom vården är våldets hälsokonsekvenser orsakade av en förövare. Patienten är därmed inte bara patient, utan även ett brottsoffer. Vilka etiska krav ställer det på forskning och undervisning om våld? Frågan knyter an till förändringen av examinationsordningen för bland annat sjuksköterskeutbildningen som gjordes 2017. Artikeln tar avstamp i examensmålets bakgrund i jämställdhetspolitiken. Därefter följer reflektioner om etik i våldsundervisningen, och om det spänningsfält som uppstår när olika ämnens perspektiv gör anspråk på tolkningsföreträde till hur våld ska förstås.
Epidemiologin är ett medicinskt kunskapsområde inom vilket integration av perspektiv från samhällsvetenskap och humaniora har efterlysts. Detta inom ramen för problematisering av epidemiologins fokus på individer och grupper snarare än relationer och samhällsstrukturer, av dess hantering av befolkningskategorier, samt av dess relativa avsaknad av explicit teori. Mot denna bakgrund gör vi i följande text en ansats till integration av intersektionalitetsteori i kvantitativt studium av social stratifiering av risk för ischemisk hjärtsjukdom i Sverige. Vi menar att intersektionalitetsteori, i kombination med mått på diskriminativ träffbarhet, kan bidra till undersökning, åskådliggörande och hantering av spänningar i epidemiologisk kunskap om risk avseende individer respektive befolkningar.