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  • 1.
    Bohman, Irene
    et al.
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Herrmann, Jan
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    The timing for winter-growing shredder species and leaf litter turnover rate in an oligotrophic lake, SE Sweden2006In: Hydrobiologia, ISSN 0018-8158, E-ISSN 1573-5117, Vol. 556, no 1, p. 99-108Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Small freshwater systems often depend on allochthonous organic subsidies to sustain productivity. Benthic invertebrates consuming coarse detritus maintain the energy flow by conveying dead organic matter into prey items and increase the food availability for other consumers. Compared to lotic systems, the dynamics of coarse detritus decomposition has not received much attention in lakes. The objectives of this study were to investigate the seasonality of leaf litter turnover and the timing of abundance of potential shredder species in a typical oligotrophic boreal lake. Leaf litter was experimentally exposed in litterbags in the littoral zone in Lake Välen from autumn to late spring two consecutive years. The weight loss rate of leaf litter initially followed the same pattern during both winter periods, but was markedly influenced by freezing in late winter the second year. Further, the seasonal variation patterns in abundance in litterbags were quite different among the potential shredder species. Only the limnephilid caddis larvae showed a density variation pattern possible to connect to the weight loss of leaf litter in litterbags. Otherwise frequent detritivores such as Asellus aquaticus and Leptophlebia marginata displayed lowest density in litterbags during the main weight loss period. However, after the long ice period the second winter the remaining leaf litter seemed to be consumed by A. aquaticus. With increasing knowledge of the initial leaf breakdown process and the guild of shredders in lakes, the decomposition rate may also in this habitat become a useful instrument when evaluating the impact from perturbations on ecosystem function.

  • 2.
    Gaillard, Marie-Jose
    et al.
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Dearing, John A
    El-Daoushy, F
    Enell, M
    Håkansson, H
    A multidisciplinary study of Lake Bjäresjö (S Sweden): land-use history, soil erosion, lake trophy and lake-level fluctuations during the last 3000 years1991In: Hydrobiologia, ISSN 0018-8158, E-ISSN 1573-5117, Vol. 214, p. 107-114Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The lake Bjaresjosjon, Southern Scania, Southern Sweden, was studied in the context of the project 'The cultural landscape of the past 6000 years in Southern Sweden'. Pollen, plant macrofossils, diatoms, physical and chemical analysis, magnetic measurements and radiometric methods (Pb-210, C-14) have been used to study palaeoecological changes, i.e. climate, land use, lake trophy and soil erosion during the past 3000 years. This multidisciplinary study shows striking responses of diatom communities, physical and chemical characteristics, sediment yields and magnetic parameters to land-use changes and lake-level fluctuations. Moreover, the latter are closely related to the settlement history at the site, inferred from archaeological records and historical sources. Before 650 AD, the limnological development was affected mainly by lake-level fluctuations, but partly also by human impact (extensive forest clearings and dominant pastoral farming). With the expansion of arable farming (around 650 AD), human impact on the landscape was the major factor influencing soil erosion processes in the catchment and limnological changes in the lake.

  • 3.
    Gunnarsson, Gunnar
    et al.
    Kristianstad University, Sweden.
    Kjeller, Elsie
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science. Kristianstad University, Sweden.
    Holopainen, Sari
    Univ Helsinki, Finland.
    Djerf, Henric
    Kristianstad University, Sweden.
    Elmberg, Johan
    Kristianstad University, Sweden.
    Poeysae, Hannu
    Univ Eastern Finland, Finland.
    Söderquist, Pär
    Kristianstad University, Sweden.
    Waldenström, Jonas
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science.
    The hub of the wheel or hitchhikers?: The potential influence of large avian herbivores on other trophic levels in wetland ecosystems2024In: Hydrobiologia, ISSN 0018-8158, E-ISSN 1573-5117, Vol. 851, p. 107-127Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Goose and swan populations have increased concurrently with environmental degradation of wetlands, such as eutrophication, vegetation losses, and decrease in biodiversity. An important question is whether geese and swans contribute to such changes or if they instead benefit from them. We collected data from 37 wetlands in southern Sweden April - July 2021 to study relationships between geese, swans and other waterbird guilds, macrophytes, invertebrates, as well as physical and water chemistry variables. Neither goose nor swan abundance was negatively correlated with other trophic levels (abundance, richness, or cover). On the contrary, goose or swan abundances were positively related to abundances of surface and benthic feeding waterbirds, cover of specific macrophytes, and to invertebrate richness and abundance. Moreover, invertebrates (number of taxa or abundance) were positively associated with abundance of several waterbird guilds and total phosphorous with surface feeders, whereas water colour was positively (surface feeders) or negatively (benthic feeders) related. We conclude that waterbirds are more abundant in productive wetlands and that geese and swans do not show clear deleterious effects on other trophic levels included in this study. However, patterns may be masked at the species level, which should be addressed in further studies, complemented with experimental studies of grazing impact.

  • 4.
    Härlin, Mikael
    University of Gothenburg.
    Tree-thinking and nemertean systematics, with a systematization of the Eureptantia1998In: Hydrobiologia, ISSN 0018-8158, E-ISSN 1573-5117, Vol. 365, no 1, p. 33-46Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    I review how some influential nemertean systematistshave perceived and illustrated phylogenetic trees andargue that the nineteenth century nemerteantaxonomists still influence many contemporarynemertean taxonomists to a high degree. By showing hownineteenth century systematics differs from moremodern views on trees, I hope to convey the advantagesof a cladistic approach to tree-thinking and nemerteansystematics. Furthermore I propose a systematizationof the Eureptantia that illustrates the cladisticapproach to tree-thinking but, more importantly, isalso a better representation of eureptantic phylogenythan previous classifications.

  • 5.
    Jonsson, Mikael
    et al.
    Lunds universitet.
    Ranaker, Lynn
    Lunds universitet.
    Nicolle, Alice
    Lunds universitet.
    Ljungberg, Peter
    Lunds universitet.
    Fagerberg, Tony
    Lunds universitet.
    Hylander, Samuel
    Lunds universitet.
    Jephson, Therese
    Lunds universitet.
    Lebret, Karen
    Lunds universitet.
    von Einem, Jessica
    Lunds universitet.
    Hansson, Lars-Anders
    Lunds universitet.
    Nilsson, P. Anders
    Lunds universitet.
    Balseiro, Esteban
    CONICET Univ Nacl Comahue, INIBIOMA, Lab Limnol, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
    Modenutti, Beatriz
    CONICET Univ Nacl Comahue, INIBIOMA, Lab Limnol, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
    Glacial clay affects foraging performance in a Patagonian fish and cladoceran2011In: Hydrobiologia, ISSN 0018-8158, E-ISSN 1573-5117, Vol. 663, no 1, p. 101-108Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Climate change is altering temperatures and precipitation patterns all over the world. In Patagonia, Argentina, predicted increase in precipitation together with rapidly melting glaciers increase the surface runoff, and thereby the transport of suspended solids to recipient lakes. Suspended solids affect the visual conditions in the water which in turn restricts visual foraging. The native fish Aplochiton zebra Jenyns, and its filter-feeding cladoceran prey, Daphnia commutata Ekman, were subjected to foraging experiments at three turbidity levels. A. zebra foraging rate was substantially reduced at naturally occurring turbidity levels and the filtering rate of D. commutata was reduced at the highest turbidity level. This indicates that Daphnia may be partly released from predation from A. zebra at the same time as it can maintain relatively high feeding rates as turbidity increases. Lower foraging rates at the same time as the metabolic demand increases, through increased temperatures, may result in larger effects on A. zebra than could be expected from increases in turbidity or temperature alone. Turbidity may, as an indirect effect of climate change, decrease planktivore foraging rates and thereby alter the interaction strength between trophic levels.

  • 6.
    Leberfinger, Karolina
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Natural Sciences.
    Bohman, Irene
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Natural Sciences.
    Herrmann, Jan
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Natural Sciences.
    Drought impact on stream detritivores - experimental effects on leaf litter breakdown and life cycles2010In: Hydrobiologia, ISSN 0018-8158, E-ISSN 1573-5117, Vol. 652, no 1, p. 247-254Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Predictions of effects of global climate change include decreased runoff for many parts of the world, which will result in drying of streams. Information of the effects of drought on aquatic ecosystems is limited and little is known of the effects on ecosystem functions. Our main objective was to measure the direct effects of drought on leaf litter breakdown by invertebrate shredders in a controlled laboratory experiment. We hypothesized a decreased breakdown at high drought level. Single-species and multi-species treatments with three shredder species (Asellus aquaticus, Limnephilus bipunctatus, and L. flavicornis) were set up in an experiment with three drought level treatments, control, medium, and high drought (6 cm water level, 1 cm water level, and water level below sediment surface, respectively). Breakdown measured as leaf litter loss was significantly lower in both medium and high drought treatments compared to the control. Previously, decreased breakdown due to drying has been reported, but attributed to low densities of invertebrate shredders. We show that even when shredders are present, drought decreases the breakdown. Drought treatments also induced earlier pupation for the caddisfly L. flavicornis. Shifts in species phenology due to drought, e.g., earlier emergence, may affect species ability to adult survival and reproduction. Shifts in timing of emergence may also affect terrestrial food webs, where emerging aquatic insects may constitute an important food subsidy. Our knowledge of the complex effects of droughts in aquatic systems is limited with an urgent need of extended knowledge of the ecological effects of droughts on freshwater ecosystem functioning.

  • 7.
    Nilsson, Jonas
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science.
    Engstedt, Olof
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science.
    Larsson, Per
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science.
    Wetlands for northern pike (Esox lucius L.) recruitment in the Baltic Sea2014In: Hydrobiologia, ISSN 0018-8158, E-ISSN 1573-5117, Vol. 721, no 1, p. 145-154Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In recent decades, wetlands have been constructed or restored around the Baltic sea to counteract the eutrophication of its coastal waters. Some of these wetlands could also be suitable spawning and nursery areas for anadromous northern pike (Esox lucius L.). We studied juvenile pike production in three coastal wetlands along the south-eastern coast of Sweden that were restored in different ways. Where terrestrial vegetation was temporarily flooded, pike larval/juvenile emigration increased from a few thousand individuals before restoration to over a hundred thousand afterwards. We suggest that vegetation was the key to this successful reproduction, as wetlands where vegetation was removed or reduced saw no similar increase in pike production. Flooded vegetation in shallow waters offers optimal spawning conditions, increased food resources, and refuge from predation. The growth and emigration of larvae and juveniles were followed over time, revealing that 80-95% of individuals left the wetlands within 1 month (at a size < 6 cm). This emigration probably represents an adaption to seasonally decreasing water levels but may also be a way to avoid cannibalism.

  • 8.
    Paterson, Rachel A.
    et al.
    Cardiff University, UK.
    Nefjodova, Jelena
    Cardiff University, UK.
    Salis, Romana K.
    University Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
    Knudsen, Rune
    UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Norway.
    Exploring trophic niches and parasite communities of sympatric Arctic charr and brown trout populations of southern Norway2019In: Hydrobiologia, ISSN 0018-8158, E-ISSN 1573-5117, Vol. 840, no 1, p. 271-280Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Catchment-scale variation between lake habitats has the potential to simultaneously influence the trophic niche and parasite community of fish hosts. In this study, we investigated the trophic niche and parasite community of sympatric Arctic charr and brown trout populations from two inter-connected southern Norwegian lakes at different altitudes. Arctic charr and brown trout occupied profundal and littoral habitats in each lake, respectively, whereas brown trout replaced Arctic charr in pelagic habitats of the lower altitude lake. Distinct between-lake differences in diet and parasite community composition were noted for brown trout; however, both fish species showed highly overlapping trophically transmitted parasite communities regardless of the habitats each species used. Our results suggest that environmental differences over relatively limited geographical distances have the potential to influence fish habitat use and parasite community structure.

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  • 9. Sheldon, R.W.
    et al.
    Rassoulzadegan, F.
    Azam, F.
    Berman, T.
    Bezanson, D.S.
    Biachi, M.
    Bonin, D.
    Hagström, Åke
    University of Kalmar, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences.
    Laval-Peuto, M.
    Neveux, J.
    Raimbault, P.
    Rivier, A.
    Sherr, B.
    Sherr, E.
    Wambeke, F.W.
    Wikner, J.
    Wood, A.M.
    Yentsch, C.M.
    Nano and picoplankton growth and production in the Bay of Villefranche sur Mer (N.W. Mediterranean).1992In: Hydrobiologia, ISSN 0018-8158, E-ISSN 1573-5117, Vol. 241, p. 91-106Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 10.
    Sundberg, Per
    et al.
    University of Gothenburg.
    Turbeville, J. M.
    University of Michigan, USA.
    Härlin, Mikael
    University of Arkansas, USA.
    There is no support for Jensen's hypothesis of nemerteans as ancestors to the vertebrates1998In: Hydrobiologia, ISSN 0018-8158, E-ISSN 1573-5117, Vol. 365, no 1, p. 47-54Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Nemerteans (phylum Nemertea) have been viewed by mostzoologists as descended from, or closely related to,the flatworms. This view is based mainly on theirsupposedly acoelomate body. Their ancestry, however,is a point of controversy and there is evidence for acoelomate, protostomous origin. Notwithstanding thesedifferent views, most zoologists consider nemerteansto be phylogenetically distant from the chordates.Four authors (Hubrecht, Macfarlane, Jensen, Willmer),however, have postulated that nemerteans instead areclosely related to the chordates and that they sharea most recent common ancestor with the vertebrates. We argue that this view is based on a flawed view ofhomology and of seeing evolution as a series ofprogressions, which has no support in modernevolutionary thinking. Since there are nomorphological synapomorphies supporting aChordata-Nemertea clade, these authors instead guesswhat characteristics in extant nemerteans gave rise tocharacters observed in recent chordates. For example,they propose that the nemertean proboscis sheath hasevolved into the notochord. This is mere speculation,lacking testable propositions and is hence void ofinformation, and thus becomes futile in our view. However, the idea of a nemertean-vertebrate sisterrelationship as such is a testable hypotheses, and wetest it by applying the parsimony criterion to a setof morphological characters, and a set of molecular(the 18S rRNA gene) characters. Both tests reject thehypothesis.

  • 11.
    Svensson, Mikael
    University of Gothenburg.
    Morphological variation in the palaeonemertean Tubulanus annulatus (Montagu, 1804)1993In: Hydrobiologia, ISSN 0018-8158, E-ISSN 1573-5117, Vol. 266, p. 239-246Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Previous studies on the palaeonemertean Tubulanus annulatus have hinted on possible geographic variation, or even a species complex. This study describes the variation in morphology, focusing on the characters that have been supposed to vary geographically. Specimens from the Swedish west coast (Tjärnö and Kristineberg), Scottish west coast (Millport), and the Mediterranean (Naples and Split) were included in the study. It is concluded that the pattern of variation in the studied characters do not correspond to geography and most of the character states previously thought to vary geographically are in fact found within one and the same population.

  • 12.
    Tibblin, Petter
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science.
    Bergström, Kristofer
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science.
    Flink, Henrik
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science.
    Hall, Marcus
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science.
    Berggren, Hanna
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science.
    Nordahl, Oscar
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science.
    Larsson, Per
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science.
    Higher abundance of adult pike in Baltic Sea coastal areas adjacent to restored wetlands compared to reference bays2023In: Hydrobiologia, ISSN 0018-8158, E-ISSN 1573-5117, Vol. 850, p. 2049-2060Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The abundance of pike, a keystone top-predator, have declined dramatically in the Baltic Sea since the 1990s likely owing to recruitment failure. It has been proposed that wetland restoration can aid the recovery of the pike stock by increasing the number of recruits produced by anadromous populations. Yet, no previous studies have addressed whether wetland restorations are associated with higher abundances of adult pike in the coastal habitat. To address this, we performed standardised rod-and-reel survey fishing in paired bays with and without wetlands across three coastal areas and 3 years. To estimate dispersal and the contribution of wetland pike to the coastal stock, we tagged captured pike with passive integrated responders (PIT) and employed PIT reader stations in wetland inlets. The results showed that pike abundances were on average 90% higher in bays with an adjacent wetland although the effect varied among areas. Moreover, PIT-data uncovered that wetland pike constituted a high proportion of the pike found in adjacent coastal habitats and that some wetland fish dispersed up to 10 km. These results support that wetland restoration is a valuable tool to aid the coastal pike stock and ultimately restore the function and services of the coastal ecosystem.

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