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  • 101.
    Johansson, Jimmy
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Engineering.
    Aspects on Automatic Grading of Wood for Improved Material Utilization in the Swedish Hardwood Sawmill Industry2011In: International Scientific Conference on Hardwood Processing, October 16-18, 2011 Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA: Current Session II, 2011Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Historically, the selection of wood for manufacturing furniture and joinery has been made with great care. The basis has been the un-edged sawn and dried pieces of wood. Alternatively, selection has already been made in the forest. The trained eye and the skilful craftsmen have been crucial for the result. In today’s industrial processes, this methodology is hard to achieve with the non-homogeneous wooden material. This article explores developmental trends considering the work within the Swedish hardwood value chain. The aim of this manuscript is to discover how it is possible to utilize today’s available information technology, e.g. scanners in the industrial process, as a help to make more optimal use of the wooden raw material. Together with customers of a hardwood sawmill, a product was selected and followed backwards in the hardwood value chain. Crosscutting scanner data was collected based on wood origin with known log-quality. The length distribution of crosscut components was simulated based on different quality grading criteria. The results from the study may be used as a help in production planning, in the selling process, or as a tool in product development where raw material accessibility may be determined in relation to the product design.

  • 102.
    Johansson, Jimmy
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Forestry and Wood Technology.
    Schauerte, Tobias
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Lindblad, Fredrik
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Balancing the production flow in prefabrication of wooden houses2018In: Tools for sustainability, Forest Products Society, 2018Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The industrialization of wooden house building processes from traditional on-site production to off-site prefabrication is challenging, concerning the possibility of effective handling of numerous product variants, where each house is more or less unique. To obtain high productivity in the production, a well-balanced flow with minimization of waste is of great importance. In Sweden, many off-site house producers are in the starting phases of introducing advanced automation technologies in their production processes and the need for a more detailed process control therefore increases. In previous studies, the installation of windows has been identified as a demanding step in the prefabrication process, since it often creates a bottleneck i.e. the most overloaded part of process (Slack et al., 2016) and thus negatively affects the cycle-time and a balanced production flow.This study aims to understand, how the effectiveness of windows installations could be improved. By using a multiple case-study methodology, processes of several companies are compared and discussed. Further, suggestions for improvements are made for one case company. The results show that a replacement of the windows installation could (a) shorten the cycle-time of one wall by more than 10 %, (b) reduce the queueing time for the entire wall assembly process by more than 48 % and consequently (c) help to create a more balanced production flow.

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    Balancing the production flow in prefabrication of wooden houses
  • 103.
    Johansson, Richard
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Technology and Design.
    Utveckling av svetsprocessen vid Volvo CE i Braås2007Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This report, which is representing a diplomawork of the education program Machine Technology with industrial leadership alignment, is a first step in a developing process for the welding process at Volvo CE.

    The purpose of this diplomawork is giving Volvo CE comprehensive proposals at a development of the production process for welded components and to analyze these proposals. These proposals has been generated by the benchmarking which was carried out as well as the analyze of the present situation at Volvo CE, which together has been compared to all the collected theory from the subject area. From this a result has been worked out. The result shows three alternatives which is separated in their performance, but not in the basic assumptions. The common thing for these three alternatives is that all of them are taking care of the factors that seem to be important for the production in the future. These factors are fulfilled different in the three alternatives which are discussed in the discussion part.

  • 104.
    Juhlander, Julia
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Mårtensson, Emma
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Simulation and Implementation of Sustainable Automated Robotics at Volvo CE: Ergonomic and Economic Analysis of Automated Logistic Processes.2023Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The development of advanced manufacturing opens new possibilities regarding cooperation between robots and humans, leading to a more sustainable industry. The study aims to research how automated processes with collaborative applications can be implemented in manual production systems and analyse the economic and ergonomic consequences this leads to. The process examined in the thesis is the de-labelling of wooden pallets conducted at the case company Volvo Construction Equipment in Braås, Sweden. Both quantitative and qualitative methods have been used. The study started with an analysis of the current situation regarding process design and the ergonomic aspect. The equipment needed to design the robot cell for testing had to be evaluated before a simulation of the automated process was done. Finally, the concept was tested in a laboratory environment. The result of the study shows that it is possible to automate if the removal of the labels is carried out completely perpendicularly. The economic analysis shows that the automated solution becomes a cheaper alternative after one year and four months. When the current manual process consists of unsustainable ergonomic elements, an automated solution will lead to improvements and more sustainable physical and organisational ergonomics.

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  • 105.
    Juliusson, Axel
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Hultgren, Viktor
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Sabic, Amar
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Produktionseffektivisering i prefabriceringsindustrin: – En fallstudie på Finja2017Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 15 credits / 22,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet med studien är att öka förståelsen kring hur produktionen utav betongväggar i prefabriceringsbranschen kan effektiviseras. Genom insamlande av teori, framförallt inom LEAN, och empiriskt material har information kunnat analyseras och förbättringsförslag inom ramen för förbättringsarbete, 5S och visuell styrning har belysts. Tidmätningar har gjorts för att se hur mycket tid som i dagsläget är värdeskapande och hur tid som inte är det ska hanteras.

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  • 106.
    Jönsson, Alexander
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Åberg, Andreas
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Stokastisk modellering & hantering av maskinhaveri: En fallstudie på Gunnebo Industries2020Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The thesis is conducted on the basis of identifying negatively influencing factors on the flow of material within a manufacturing environment. At Gunnebo Industries the case study revealed a specific problem with fluctuations caused by machine reliability. The report illustrates how stochastic modelling of machine failure can be utilized as a tool of indication. The model can be used to uncover potential refinements regarding production and maintenance. It reflects on current state, complemented by what is attainable. Similarly to value stream mapping, but by emphasizing machine reliability. Furthermore, a discussion is formed regarding various interesting factors influencing the model, and how it in turn can be used in further research and analysis.

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  • 107.
    Jönsson, Johanna
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Technology and Design.
    Ergonomi: vikten av rätt sittande2007Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The science of ergonomic means the human in work, which also can be defined as the combination between the human and the working tools. With this as a background it proves that there are high demands on the chairs that are meant for work. The chair is supposed to complement the user to reach an optimal ergonomic sitting.

    The purpose of this report is to give an insight in the ergonomic sitting and how workchairs are designed. Ergonomics means that one way to reach an ergonomic sitting is with an open hip angle, which brings out a dynamic sitting. The dynamic sitting gives the user an active sitting. This can partly be achieved through a sitting like the principle for the balance chair. To further achieve a good sitting there are laws that contents the work environment, which controls the sitting on workplaces.

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  • 108.
    Kallenberg, Hampus
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Lohman, André
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Kvalitetssäkring vid en monteringslina: ett projekt på Swepart i Liatorp2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 15 credits / 22,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    För att Swepart Transmission AB ska fortsätta att hålla en hög standard på produkter som levereras till kunder, ska monteringslinan för Power Take-Off säkras. Budgeten som är avsatt till att kvalitetssäkra monteringslinan är 500 000 kr. Pick-to-Light och Pick-to-Voice är system som kan användas för att kvalitetssäkra monteringen av Power Take-Off. Systemen jämfördes med systemet med monteringskort som används i nuläget. Det mest lämpliga att införa har visat sig vara Pick-to-Light.

    I samband med införandet av detta system måste utredningar göras för vilka komponenter som behöver sensorer och vilka som kan säkras på andra sätt. Detta arbete innefattar också att utreda placeringen av komponenter som är optimalt för monteringen.

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  • 109.
    Kans, Mirka
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Technology and Design. systemekonomi.
    Accessing relevant data within maintenance - problems and possibilities in the realisation of a common database2008In: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Flexible Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing, Skövde, Sweden, June 30 – July 2 2008, Runit AB, Skövde , 2008, p. 340-347Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Data is needed to support all kind of maintenance management activities e.g. in form of registers, procedures and schedules. Moreover, for predictive-proactive maintenance strategies, such as Total Quality Maintenance (TQMain), the ability to monitor performance is a prerequisite for cost-effective management of maintenance. To achieve this, the common database concept was promoted for the definition and collection of a relevant data-set for maintenance management. When defining and collecting a relevant set of data, one will face several challenges, whereas this paper covers following: 1) Connection to full decision-making process, 2) Data filtration, 3) Data heterogeneity, 4) Standardised data and 5) Flexibility. Today, several standards are available which are supporting data definition and information integration within maintenance management. This paper explores the possibilities to use five of these in order to realise the common database concept: EN 13460, EN15341, OSA-EAI, OSA-CBM and IEC62264. The main conclusion is that no standard could fully support the realisation of the common database concept, and due to this, this paper suggests combining two or more standards for achieving the goals. The results in this paper could be used for the selection of appropriate standard to utilise, depending on the challenge to overcome.

  • 110.
    Kans, Mirka
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Technology and Design. maskinteknik.
    ACHIEVING PROFITABLE MAINTENANCE BY THE UTILISATION OF DATA AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY2007In: Proceedings of the 20th International Congress on Condition Monitoring and Diagnostic Engineering Management: Machinery and process health monitoring - future trends and prospects, 2007, p. 105-114Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Research shows that information technology (IT) investments in the maintenance area are of equal strategic importance as IT investments in general. Provided that correct and relevant IT is applied, information technology could be an important tool for reaching the goal of profitability in maintenance. This paper discusses the relationships between maintenance business demands and maintenance demands of data and information technology systems and gives suggestions for how relevant data and information technology systems could be identified in order to achieve profitable maintenance. This paper concludes that the demands of data and IT applications must be connected to the overall maintenance demands, which are reflected in the maintenance goals and strategy, in order to achieve profitable maintenance. Furthermore, structured methods that ensure the connection between maintenance business goals and data/IT demands are of importance.

  • 111.
    Kans, Mirka
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Technology and Design. systemekonomi.
    Condition monitoring, Condition-based maintenance and On-condition tasks; differences and roles in companies' profitability and competitiveness2004In: Proceedings of MIMAR 2004 - 5th IMA International Conference on Modelling in industrial maintenance and reliability: Impact on practice, 2004, p. 290-Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Condition-based maintenance (CBM), condition monitoring (CM) and on-condition tasks (OCT) are different terms that can be found in maintenance literature. Today, the literature shows confusion about the definitions and in what context the different terms should be used. The main objectives of this paper are to highlight and analyse the differences between the activities done when using these terms and discuss their roles in production systems' technical and economic effectiveness. In addition, this paper discusses how CBM, CM and OCT contribute to companies overall profitability and competitiveness.

  • 112.
    Kans, Mirka
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Technology and Design. maskinteknik.
    DETERMINING THE REQUIREMENTS OF COMPUTERISED MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT SUPPORT2007In: Proceedings of the 20th International Congress on Condition Monitoring and Diagnostic Engineering Management: Machinery and process health monitoring - future trends and prospects, 2007, p. 273-282Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Information technology (IT) systems for maintenance management are important tools for reaching the goals set for maintenance if they are able to support the maintenance organisation’s needs. In research though, there is a lack of theoretical models, as well as practical models, for determining and identifying maintenance management IT needs. In this paper a conceptual model for identifying maintenance management IT requirements is developed, with its practical application in a process for the IT requirements identification for maintenance management. The process is exemplified with one real-world case. This paper suggests that the factors of goals, purpose and use should be considered on organisational and individual level in order to identify the IT demands. Correct level of IT applied, i.e. IT consisting of correct functionality required for planning, conducting and following up maintenance activities according to the state of maintenance and the strategy adapted, will contribute to successful maintenance management. Moreover, this paper promotes the use of a structured procedure for the identification of IT requirements for maintenance management.

  • 113.
    Kans, Mirka
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    IT Practices within Maintenance from a Systems Perspective: Study of IT Utilisation within Firms in Sweden2013In: Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, ISSN 1741-038X, E-ISSN 1758-7786, Vol. 24, no 5, p. 768-791Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose – The aim with this paper is to describe current IT practices within maintenance in Swedish industry, and to outline the future possible developments. Design/methodology/approach – The study is performed as a web-based questionnaire survey consisting of 71 participants. A systems perspective is applied for capturing the most relevant aspects of IT utilisation. Findings – The IT practices are characterised by high use of business-specific IT solutions, low use of company-wide IT solutions, low IT intensity and the client-server architecture is dominating. The purchase decision and ownership of IT is to high extent tied to the maintenance function. Moreover, IT systems are apprehended as beneficial and connected to real needs. The findings imply a decentralised IT governance form and a mainly vertical (functional) IT support. Research limitations/implications – The socio-technical approach suggested in this paper helps us to identify which areas to study, and also shows the tight interrelationship between different factors, layers and systems. Practical implications – The study results could be used for benchmarking purposes or to highlight state-of-the-art of IT utilisation in maintenance, and thereby set the topic on the corporate agenda. Originality/value – Studies describing IT utilisation within maintenance in the form of case studies and surveys exist, but they mainly focus on one aspect. This study approached the problem from a socio-technical perspective, covering several aspects connected to IT utilisation.

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  • 114.
    Kans, Mirka
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Engineering.
    IT Procurement within Maintenance: Survey Results2010In: Proceedings of the 23rd Internatonal Congress on Condition Monitoring and Diagnostic Engineering Management (COMADEM), June 28-July 2, 2010, Nara, Japan / [ed] Susumuku Okumura et al., Japan: Sunrise Publishing Limited , 2010, p. 805-812Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this paper is to investigate the IT procurement process within maintenance. The study was performed as a web-based questionnaire survey addressing maintenance managers in Swedish industry. The results showed that the decision to purchase IT to high extent is an internal matter within the maintenance organization. The procurement often involves several working areas. Most common is to involve people from maintenance and IT. The purchase is often run in project form and the most common support for the decision making is a systematic evaluation methodology or purchaser’s own experience. A requirements investigation precedes the purchase in most cases, and the involvement of future users is frequent. Maintenance IT investments are seen as connected to real needs and beneficial for the maintenance by the respondents. Some areas of improvement and further research were found: Systematic methods for procurement of IT is used to low extent, which implies a need for practical and easy tools within the area. Furthermore, the decision is in 35% of the cases not made by maintenance, and about 15% of the procurement projects did not involve maintenance at all. This could lead to misfit of IT systems to the business needs.

  • 115.
    Kans, Mirka
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Technology and Design. Systemekonomi.
    On the identification and utilisation of relevant data for applying cost-effective maintenance2005Licentiate thesis, monograph (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    With the global and continuously changing environment of today's companies, competitive strategies of cost minimisation and differentiation, and the ability to use the available resources in a cost-effective way have become important. The major focus should be set on the areas of business where the possibilities for strategic advantages and savings are high, whereas maintenance is one area of business that recently has been considered as an activity contributing efficiently to the companies' strategic objectives of profitability and competitiveness. To be able to effectively support the role of maintenance as a profit contributor and to communicate the strategic importance of maintenance to other areas within the companies, modern tools are needed in form of IT systems that provide the users with relevant data and decision support. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the history and current state of maintenance management IT support and to give suggestions of how IT for supporting the maintenance decision making process could be enhanced in the future. Two research questions are addressed: Do cur-rent maintenance management IT systems provide the basis for supporting the strategic decision making process at all levels of maintenance management? and In what way can IT systems used for maintenance purposes be improved in order to strengthen the role of maintenance as a profit generating activity?

    By literature surveys, case studies and artefact building, the author defines the state-of-the-art of maintenance management IT used in Swedish industry and suggests improvements for utilising IT for reaching cost-effective maintenance in form of database models and computerised decision support. The main results are 1) a model for identification of relevant data need for maintenance problem tracing and localisation and maintenance decision making, 2) a database model showing minimum relevant data need for maintenance decision making and 3) a conceptual maintenance decision support model that is based upon a holistic view on maintenance with regard to other business activities and translates tech-nical impact into financial terms. The thesis concludes that current maintenance management IT systems provide low support for strategic maintenance manage-ment. A small and flexible database integrating relevant data from different rele-vant working areas would enable the strategic maintenance decision making and by including functionality in maintenance management IT for positioning main-tenance with respect to companies’ overall business goals, the strategic impact of maintenance could be shown.

  • 116.
    Kans, Mirka
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Technology and Design.
    On the utilisation of information technology for the management of profitable maintenance2008Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Maintenance is one area of business that recently has been considered as an activity contributing efficiently to the companies' strategic goals. Understanding the way maintenance could utilise modern technology such as computerised tools or digital data processing is one way to make maintenance profitable. Current research lack appropriate methods for determining data and IT requirements, as well as understanding the way IT could be utilised for enhancing maintenance profitability. This thesis studies and develops tools, methods and theories of how information technology can be utilised for maintenance management in order to reach profitable maintenance. The main research problem is therefore: What are the demands on information technology systems to achieve profitable maintenance? The main problem has been divided into three research questions: RQ1) What are the demands on data and information technology systems for strategic management of maintenance?, RQ2) How can we identify relevant data and information technology systems required to achieve cost-effective maintenance decisions? and RQ3) How can we describe the utilisation of information technology within maintenance?

    This thesis is based on a systems theory approach, where maintenance is not seen as an isolated activity, but something that interacts, affects and is affected by several other activities, such as production, logistic and quality. Several methods have been used for answering the research questions, but the theory-testing case study method dominates. Main results achieved in the thesis are models and theory for 1) creating a relevant set of data for cost-effective mainte-nance decisions, 2) monitoring the performance of maintenance, suggest invest-ment possibilities and show maintenance contribution on company strategic level, 3) identifying IT systems requirements demanded to achieve profitable maintenance and 4) assessing the IT maturity of a maintenance organisation for the effective utilisation of IT systems.

    As an illustrative example of computerised maintenance management demands a conceptual decision support model has been developed, which aims at filling the gaps of poor IT coverage for strategic maintenance decision-making. This thesis concludes that the demands of data and IT applications must be connected to the overall maintenance demands, which are reflected in the maintenance goals, purposes and strategy, in order to achieve profitable maintenance. Furthermore, structured methods that ensure the connection between maintenance business goals and data or IT demands are of importance. The ability to make use if IT within maintenance is reflected in the relative IT maturity of the maintenance organisation. Being able to define the IT maturity allows for choosing the most appropriate IT tool to invest in, so that current and future needs of IT support are also covered for with maximum benefit and minimum cost.

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  • 117.
    Kans, Mirka
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Technology and Design. maskinteknik.
    The Development of Computerized Maintenance Management Support2007In: International MultiConference of Engineers and Computer Scientists 2007, Hong Kong 21-23 March, Newswood Limited, IAENG, Hong Kong , 2007, p. 2113-2118Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Information technology (IT) is commonly used in all kinds of corporate activities today, but the level of computerization varies greatly between different departments within the company. The computerization in maintenance could for instance still be considered as low. Studying the history and development of maintenance management IT (MMIT) could give some understanding of the reasons for the low level of computerization in maintenance management and illustrate the state-of-the-art of MMIT. This paper explores the agenda of MMIT in scientific literature during the period 1988-2005. The results show changes in focus in different areas: from IT technology to IT use, from IT supporting reactive maintenance to IT supporting predictive maintenance concepts, and from operative considerations to strategic considerations.

  • 118.
    Kans, Mirka
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    The Journey Towards Successful Application of Maintenance 4.0 and Service Management 4.02022In: 15th WCEAM Proceedings / [ed] Pinto, J.O.P., Kimpara, M.L.M., Reis, R.R., Seecharan, T., Upadhyaya, B.R., Amadi-Echendu, J., Springer, 2022, p. 137-147Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The paper discusses the role of maintenance in the digital era and propose directions for supporting the technology and business transformation towards Maintenance 4.0 and Service Management 4.0. For achieving this, the paper summaries previous research in the area and conceptualizes the transformation of maintenance towards Maintenance 4.0 and Service Management 4.0. The concept applies a systems approach on digitalization and recognizes the need for combining several working areas (production and maintenance management, information systems management, improvement processes and business management) for successful digital transformation within maintenance. Service Management 4.0 describes how maintenance becomes a business opportunity and modular maintenance offerings a way to approach the new opportunities. The concepts proposed in the paper provide support for industries in the digital transformation process towards Maintenance 4.0 and Service management 4.0.

  • 119.
    Kans, Mirka
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Ingwald, Anders
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Business Model Development towards Service Management 4.02016In: Product-Service Systems Across Life Cycle / [ed] Cavalieri, S; Ceretti, E; Tolio, T; Pezzotta, G, Elsevier, 2016, Vol. 47, p. 489-494Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    There is an increasing interest to ensure operational and maintenance (O&M) operations from a strategic perspective, and there are opportunities for both producing companies and service providers to gain benefits. Research shows that the combined business models (products combined with services) have a positive effect on the business. Likewise, it is profitable to think strategically and in long term for enterprises offering maintenance services, especially using performance-based models. But for achieving these benefits the view of the business has to change. The focus should be on the values created and not in the offers in form of products or services. Moreover, the company needs to position itself as an actor not only in the value chain, but in a wider context referred to as the business ecosystem. Making such a shift of focus is hard though, and there is a need to understand both the current state of the business as well as the potential future directions. 

     

    The framework presented in this paper is an attempt to meet these needs. The framework describes business model development in four levels. From maturity point of view, the four steps could be seen as the logical development of the business model from a narrow technical perspective to a holistic product-service perspective. The four levels could also be connected to the industrial development where level four supports Industry 4.0. Level four is referred to as Service Management 4.0. In particular, four key concepts reflect the concept of Service Management 4.0: the mix of products and services in customer offers, performance-based contracts, partnering and the business ecology concept.

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  • 120.
    Kans, Mirka
    et al.
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Technology and Design. Systemekonomi.
    Ingwald, Anders
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Technology and Design. Systemekonomi.
    Common database for cost-effective improvement of maintenance performance2008In: International Journal of Production Economics, ISSN 0925-5273, E-ISSN 1873-7579, Vol. 113, no 2, p. 734-747Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper describes how a common database can play an important role in reaching cost-effective improvements of maintenance performance. The definition and overall design of a common database are presented and illustrated by a case. The main result presented is that it is possible to access a more correct view of the situation in the production by data (information) integration and thereby obtain a better base for making maintenance decisions. The common database supports the development of applications e.g. for monitoring the performance of a production process, for deciding the most cost-effective maintenance policy or for simulating possible maintenance solutions.

  • 121.
    Kans, Mirka
    et al.
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Technology and Design. Systemekonomi.
    Ingwald, Anders
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Technology and Design. Systemekonomi.
    EXPLORING THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY MATURITY WITHIN MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT2008In: COMADEM 2008, Energy and environmental issues: Proceedings of the 21th International Congress and Exhibition Prague, Czech Republic, 11-13 June 2008, Czech Society for Non-destructive Testing, Brno , 2008, p. 243-252Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Maintenance is one of several inputs to a production process that contributes to the profitability. To be able to take full advantage of maintenance, systems that assist in the task of planning and follow up is required, which has lead to new demands on information technology (IT) tools supporting the maintenance responsible in reaching the overall strategic objectives of the company. This paper explores how IT is used for maintenance management in Swedish industry from an IT maturity perspective using data from of a cross-sectional study concerning maintenance management practices. The results of this paper support the IT maturity model: Three distinct groups of companies with different levels of IT maturity were found in the study. The analysis also showed that the IT maturity is mainly connected to five of the studied variables: process oriented production, the degree of IT integration, the use of company wide information for diagnosis, maintenance conducted based on statistical modelling, remote diagnosis and maintenance contribution to decreased effects on environment.

  • 122.
    Kans, Mirka
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Ingwald, Anders
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering. Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Physics and Electrical Engineering.
    Strömberg, Ann-Brith
    Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden.
    Patriksson, Michael
    Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden.
    Ekman, Jan
    RISE, Sweden.
    Holst, Anders
    RISE, Sweden.
    Rudström, Åsa
    RISE, Sweden.
    Data Driven Maintenance: A Promising Way of Action for Future Industrial Services Management2022In: International Congress and Workshop on Industrial AI 2021. IAI 2021 / [ed] Karim R., Ahmadi A., Soleimanmeigouni I., Kour R., Rao R, Springer, 2022, p. 212-223Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Maintenance and services of products as well as processes are pivotal for achieving high availability and avoiding catastrophic and costly failures. At the same time, maintenance is routinely performed more frequently than necessary, replacing possibly functional components, which has negative economic impact on the maintenance. New processes and products need to fulfil increased environmental demands, while customers put increasing demands on customization and coordination. Hence, improved maintenance processes possess very high potentials, economically as well as environmentally. The shifting demands on product development and production processes have led to the emergency of new digital solutions as well as new business models, such as integrated product-service offerings. Still, the general maintenance problem of how to perform the right service at the right time, taking available information and given limitations is valid.The project Future Industrial Services Management (FUSE) project was a step in a long-term effort for catalysing the evolution of maintenance and production in the current digital era. In this paper, several aspects of the general maintenance problem are discussed from a data driven perspective, spanning from technology solutions and organizational requirements to new business opportunities and how to create optimal maintenance plans. One of the main results of the project, in the form of a simulation tool for strategy selection, is also described.

  • 123.
    Kans, Mirka
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Engineering.
    Williamsson, Ia
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Engineering.
    IT Governance Strategies Utilized within Maintenance2011In: 24th international congress on Condition Monitoring and Diagnostics Engineering Management: Advances in Industrial Asset Integrity Management / [ed] Maneesh Singh, Raj B. K. N. Rao and J. P. Liyanage, Kolhata, India: Publishing Services PL , 2011, p. 1608-1616Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    IT governance is the strategic alignment of IT with the business such that maximum business value is achieved through the development and maintenance of effective IT control and accountability, performance management and risk management. The aim with IT governance is to reach maximum benefit of IT investments. Three main strategies could be defined: centralized, decentralized or federal IT governance, where the latter could be seen as a centralized organization with some decentralized decision capabilities. What kind of IT governance strategies are used for the maintenance IT support? This paper reports on IT governance strategies used in Swedish industry based on cluster analysis of variables connected to systems ownership, IT investment decision, and participation in the procurement process. Three strategies were found: a decentralized where maintenance drives the investment decision, participates in the procurement and owns the system, a centralized where the decision is made by upper management, where maintenance is not participating in the procurement, but where maintenance owns the system, and a third where production makes the investment decision, the IT owns the system and maintenance is participating in the procurement. The last strategy could be seen as a kind of federal governance strategy. In further nonparametric tests three variables indicated significant differences between these strategies: use of CMMS, apprehended alignment of IT to business needs, and future user involvement in the purchasing. The decentralized strategy differed from the centralized with respect to apprehended alignment of IT to business needs and the federal differed from the decentralized in all the three variables. No significant differences were found between the federal and the central strategy.

  • 124.
    Kans, Mirka
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Engineering.
    Williamsson, Ia
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Engineering.
    Maintenance IT practices in Swedish industriy2010In: The 1st international workshop and congress on eMaintenance 2010, 22-24 June, Luleå, Sweden., 2010, p. 127-132Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Emerging technologies, e.g. web services and open sourcesoftware, are rapidly adopted in IT solutions, which are based onnew business logics such as SOA and SaaS. But is industry readyto utilise these solutions? The aim with this paper is to describecurrent IT practices within maintenance in Swedish industry, andto outline the future possible developments. The study is formedas a web-based questionnaire survey addressed to plants wherethe maintenance is performed in-house. 71 responses werereceived of 196 questionnaires sent.We find that the main part of the participants of this studyrepresents organisations that traditionally would be characterisedas mature regarding IT use. The IT practices are characterised byhigh use of business specific IT solutions, low use of companywide IT solutions and low IT intensity. The ownership of IT is tohigh extent tied to the maintenance function and the client-serverarchitecture is dominating. The findings imply that the focus of ITis for vertical (functional) support rather than horizontal ornetwork support, and a decentralised IT governance form.

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  • 125.
    Karahasanovic, Ermin
    et al.
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Technology and Design.
    Lönn, Henrik
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Technology and Design.
    Selecting the best strategy to improve quality, keeping in view the cost and other aspects2007Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose with the thesis was to create a general model that can help companies to take the best decision when it comes

    to improving the quality of an object. The model was created to solve the problem formulation; How to find the best way to

    improve the quality of an object, focusing primarily on the relationship between cost and quality but also take other

    important aspects into consideration. Before the model was created a literature study was performed in ELIN without any

    useable result. After the literature study was performed quality models like Quality Function Deployment (QFD) and Total

    Quality Management (TQM) were studied. The study of QFD and TQM showed that they are somewhat complicated and

    often consider the entire organisation. Simple Quality Model is a smaller model and focuses only at one object at a time.

    TQM and QFD have however been good inspiration for the creation of SQM. The model was tested in a real-time situation

    at Saab Communication. Together with Saab Communication we decided to apply SQM to the Swedish defence telenetwork

    (FTN). In FTN the model was tested at the basic connections. SQM generated 7 different alternatives to improve

    the dependability in a basic connection. After the application of SQM it showed that alternative 7 was the best alternative.

    Alternative 7 was to decrease the switch over time. The switch over is today not handled by a special employee and is

    instead shared among several workers. By employing two new employees there is a possibility to lower the switch over time

    with 50% down from today’s 60 minutes to 30. To implement this alternative would bring a cost of 5 374 034 SEK and a

    quality increase of 0,1398955% for the basic connections in the Swedish defence tele-network.

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  • 126.
    Karlsson, Erik
    et al.
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Technology and Design.
    Ström, Christian
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Technology and Design.
    Produktivitetsanalys i hyvelanläggningen vid Chemwood AB i Alvesta2008Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Productivity can within production be regarded as a tool of measuring efficiency – simply put how well you use available resources in order to create value and high yield. In order to increase productivity thou should aim at identifying and if possible eliminate the risk of disturbances in the line of production. Amongst disturbances one can see setup times and adjustments. By reducing the time of setup in the planing equipment the available time for production as well as the flexibility in product assortment increases.

    The purpose of the study is to identify and elucidate restraints and provide suggestions of improvement for the entire flow; particularly measures for reducing setup time in the planer.

    The setup procedure at Chemwood AB in Alvesta can be standardised to a level where basic elements are included. The setup time can without difficulty be reduced.

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  • 127.
    Karlsson, Hanna
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Bergström, Ottilia
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Effektivisering av lagerhantering hos ett distribuerande företag: En fallstudie på Postnord2021Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Higher demands are placed on efficiency and optimization of the flow of distribution centers due to the higher amount of products they are handling. To meet this requirement, lead time reduction is required to reduce non-value-adding time and focus on the work environment for a better ergonomics. Another important thing is to satisfy the customer in order to deliver the right quality on the right time.

    The purpose of the work is to gain an understanding of efficiency opportunities in warehouse management at a distributing company and to develop a working method that reduces lead time and improves the work environment with a focus on ergonomics. The aim of the study is to develop a more efficient way of working to reduce lead time and develop a better work environment, where the focus is on ergonomics. Issues that were developed to achieve the purpose of this case study concern how a distribution company can handle inventory in a more efficient way in the form of reduced lead time and how inventory management can be improved regarding work environment and ergonomic aspects. A value flow analysis was created based on observations and measurements. The value flow analysis showed that two different processes had opportunities for improvement. Tests have been performed to investigate if different improvements could reduce lead time and improve the work environment. The results showed that a new way of working together with a new layout reduced lead time. The conclusion shows that a more efficient and ergonomic way of working benefits the company, the employees, and the customer.

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  • 128.
    Karlsson, Johanna
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Engineering.
    Carleke, Herman
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Engineering.
    A model for cost-effectively improving production process with respect to material and information handling.: A Case Study2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study is to create a model which will help when working with improvements. The model is based on a Maintenance Function Deployment which helps to highlight the areas within a company that should be improved and focused on in order to make the organization more effective. The model consists of seven steps which in different ways identifies and analyzes the organization and the production process. In the model not only technical aspects are addressed, but aspects related to human resources as well as corporate culture. With two different case companies, manufacturing the same product, this study is investigating how to improve one of them, with the inspiration of the other.

     

    In this study it was highlighted how important the material and information handling systems are and how they would affect the company to the better if they were implemented. With different tools the entire production process and its different steps were analyzed in order to prove the effect of implementing such a change and finally a suggestion for the company is recommended which evidently would give results. The results concerns both smaller changes within the production flow and bigger changes which are more expensive and would mean a lot of more work, although with a greater result.

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  • 129.
    Karlsson, Ki
    Växjö University, Faculty of Mathematics/Science/Technology, School of Technology and Design.
    Projektframgång: och vilka faktorer påverkar denna?2007Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The definition of a project is that the goal must be able to be measured after the project is finished. A project must have a clear ending point where the project group is dissolved. The methods that have been chosen for collecting material are interviews with the project managers and the customers. Litterature has also been studied for a theoretical view.

    In this study two projects are analyzed. At comparison between the projects, it shows that there are both similarities and differences between the way to work in a project. In the result it is described how the two projects where carried out and also what the project managers and the customers thought of the realization and end result. The conclusion that you can draw is that in many cases the realization are not depending of size of the project. The projects are carried out the same way independent of the projects size.

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  • 130.
    Kataria, Aditi
    et al.
    World Maritime University .
    Holder, Eric H.
    Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Germany.
    Praetorius, Gesa
    World Maritime University .
    Baldauf, Michael
    World Maritime University .
    Schröder-Hinrichs, Jens-Uwe
    World Maritime University .
    Exploring Bridge-Engine Control Room Collaborative Team Communication2015In: TransNav, International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, ISSN 2083-6473, E-ISSN 2083-6481, Vol. 9, no 2, p. 169-176Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The EC funded CyClaDes research project is designed to promote the increased impact of the human element in shipping across the design and operational lifecycle of ships. It addresses the design and operation of ships and ship systems. One of the CyClaDes’ tasks is to create a crew‐centered design case‐study examination of the information that is shared between the Bridge and Engine Control Room (ECR) that helps the crew coordinate to ensure understanding and complete interconnected tasks. This information can be provided in various ways, including communication devices or obtained from a common database, display, or even the ship environment (e.g., the roll of the ship). A series of semi‐structured interviews were conducted with seafarers of diverse ranks to get a better idea of what communication does, or should, take place and any problems or challenges existing in current operations and interdepartmental communications, as seen from both the bridge and ECR operators’ perspectives. Included in the interview were both the standard communications and information shared during planning and executing a voyage, as well as special situations such as safety/casualty tasks or encountering heavy weather. The results were analyzed in terms of the goals of the communication, the primary situations of interest for communication and collaboration, the communication media used, the information shared, and the problems experienced. The seafarer interviews helped to explore on‐board interdepartmental communication and the results are presented in the paper.

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  • 131.
    Kataria, Aditi
    et al.
    World Maritime University.
    Praetorius, Gesa
    Chalmers University of Technology.
    On common ground at sea: The proactive negotiation for channel navigation2014In: Advances in Human Aspects of Transportation: Part I / [ed] Neville Stanton, Steven Landry, Giuseppe Di Bucchianico, Andrea Vallicelli, AHFE Conference , 2014, Vol. 7, p. 222-230Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Vessel Traffic Service (VTS) provides support to marine traffic in congested waters to ensure safe and smooth vessel movement in the waters under its purview. The VTS operators monitor the traffic with the decision support system at hand and talk to the ships on the Very High Frequency (VHF) radio. Safe channel navigation is proactively achieved by interaction and communication on the radio. Thus traffic management within the VTS domain is a complex joint activity, in which diverse stakeholders (bridge teams, VTS operators, pilots etc.) adopt one or more available communicative roles within technologically-mediated interactions to achieve safe and fluent traffic movement. This paper argues that the communicative achievement of channel navigation is a complex joint activity requiring the building up and active sustenance of common ground to promote teamwork and contribute to safe and efficient vessel movements. Monitoring common ground is integral to monitoring oceangoing traffic. This paper draws upon data from the audio recordings of the working channel of the VTS in a major South Asian world port. The authors argue that the proactive, real-time dynamic management of common ground contributes to enhanced situational awareness and sustains safe channel navigation.

  • 132.
    Klomp, Rolf
    et al.
    Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands.
    Borst, Clark
    Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands.
    Mulder, Max
    Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands.
    Praetorius, Gesa
    Chalmers University of Technology.
    Ecological interface design: Control space robustness in future trajectory-based Air Traffic control decision support2014In: 2014 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC): October 5-8, 2014 San Diego, CA, USA, IEEE conference proceedings, 2014, p. 329-334Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract:The current evolution of the Air Traffic Management system towards trajectory-based operations is foreseen to bring large changes to the work domain of the Air Traffic Controller. Although this new form of Air Traffic Control leans heavily on the introduction of advanced automation, the general consensus is that the human must remain actively involved in the decision-making loop, and retain the ultimate responsibility for the safety of operations. These responsibilities, together with the complexities of the new task, require the development of innovative decision support tools. In previous research, and following the principles of Ecological Interface Design, a constraint-based decision support tool has been developed for the task of strategic trajectory manipulation. Rather than presenting discrete optimized solutions to the controller, this Travel Space Representation visualizes the constraints for safe control in the form of a set of `go' and `no go' areas. A validation experiment demonstrated that when using this tool, controllers sometimes opted for controlling close to the boundaries of safe control, or for resolutions in narrow control spaces. These results gave rise to concern that such a representation could actually work against the flexibility of the system to cope with inherent system variability. In this study, a metric and two measures have been developed in order to quantify and compare trajectory-based robustness to probabilistic disturbances. A batch-analysis has been performed to investigate how these measures vary for a crossing pair of aircraft under various geometry. Results show that the metric captures additional information which is currently not represented in the tool. When visualized to the controller, this could support them to choose more robust control strategies.

  • 133.
    Klomp, Rolf
    et al.
    Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands.
    Borst, Clark
    Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands.
    Mulder, Max
    Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands.
    Praetorius, Gesa
    Chalmers University of Technology.
    Mooij, Martijn
    Thales Research and Technology Netherlands, The Netherlands.
    Nieuwenhuisen, Dennis
    National Aerospace Laboratory NLR, The Netherlands.
    Experimental Evaluation of a Joint Cognitive System for 4D Trajectory Management2013In: Proceedings of the SESAR Innovation Days (2013) / [ed] Dirk Schaefer, Brussels: Eurocontrol, 2013, p. 1-7Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Effective joint human-automation coordination is essential in order to support the central role of the human operator in foreseen future trajectory-based air traffic operations. The SESAR WP-E project C-SHARE aims to achieve this by taking a Cognitive Systems Engineering approach, based upon accomplishing joint human and automation cognition through a shared representation of 4D-trajectory management. In foregoing research, a work domain model and a joint humanmachine interface has been developed to support the human operator in the task of en-route 4D trajectory re-planning. This paper presents the findings of two experiments that aimed to determine the effect of both the initial level of traffic orderliness (i.e., structured versus unstructured traffic) and the scale of perturbations acting upon the airspace (e.g., number of conflicts and restricted areas) on the overall effectiveness of such a system. The findings of the experimental evaluation show that the CSHARE approach to joint human-automation coordination in perturbation management is promising. Further, the experiment subjects accepted the tool and found it supportive for the task at hand, resulting in a manageable degree of workload during all experiment scenarios.

  • 134.
    Källström, Elisabeth
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Sweden;Volvo Construction Equipment, Sweden.
    Lindström, John
    Luleå University of Technology, Sweden.
    Håkansson, Lars
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Karlberg, Magnus
    Luleå University of Technology, Sweden.
    Lin, Jing
    Luleå University of Technology, Sweden.
    Vibration-based Condition Monitoring of Heavy Duty Machine Driveline Parts: Torque Converter, Gearbox, Axles and Bearings2019In: International Journal of Prognostics and Health Management, E-ISSN 2153-2648, Vol. 10, no 2, p. 1-12, article id 014Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    As more features are added to the heavy duty construction equipment, its complexity increases and early fault detection of certain components becomes more challenging due to too many fault codes generated when a failure occurs. Hence, there is a need to complement the present onboard diagnostics method with a more reliable diagnostics method for adequate condition monitoring of the heavy duty construction equipment in order to improve uptime.Major components of the driveline (such as the gearbox, torque converter, bearings and axles) are components necessary to monitor. A failure among any of these major components of the driveline may result in the machine standing still until a repair is scheduled.

    In this paper, vibration based condition monitoring methods are presented with the purpose to provide a diagnostic framework possible to implement onboard for monitoring of critical driveline parts in order to reduce service cost and improve uptime.For the development of this diagnostic framework, sensor data from the gearbox, torque converter, bearings and axles are considered. Further, the feature extraction of the data collected has been carried out using adequate signal processing methods, which includes: Adaptive Line Enhancer and Order Power Spectrum respectively. In addition, Bayesian learning was utilized for adaptive learning of the extracted features for deviation detection. Bayesian learning is a powerful prediction method as it combines the prior information with knowledge measured to make updates. The results indicate that the vibration properties of the gearbox, torque converter, bearings and axle are relevant for early fault detection of the driveline. Furthermore, vibration provides information about the internal features of these components for detecting deviations from normal behavior.

    In this way, the developed methods may be implemented onboard for the continuous monitoring of these critical driveline parts of the heavy duty construction equipment. Thus, if their health starts to degrade a service and/or repair may be scheduled well in advance of a potential failure and in that way the downtime of a machine may be reduced and costly replacements and repairs avoided.

  • 135.
    Lagrosen, Stefan
    et al.
    University West.
    Lagrosen, Yvonne
    Chalmers University of Technology.
    Exploring service quality in the health and fitness industry2007In: Managing Service Quality, ISSN 0960-4529, E-ISSN 1758-8030, Vol. 17, no 1, p. 41-53Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to discover quality dimensions for the health‐and‐fitness industry and to examine the salient aspects of the quality‐management practices of organisations in this industry.

    Design/methodology/approach – The research in this paper uses a grounded‐theory approach to a multiple case study of 15 companies in the Swedish health‐and‐fitness industry. Qualitative methods in the form of in‐depth interviews and observation are utilised for data collection.

    Findings – The paper finds that a framework for fitness quality management is developed and presented. The quality dimensions are found to be “pleasure”, “mental change”, and “physical change”. The main enablers are defined as “relational competence” and “technical competence”. Other indirect enablers are also identified and described.

    Research limitations/implications – The paper shows that because the framework is based on qualitative data collection, the relationships are not quantified. This could be an objective of further research.

    Practical implications – The framework presented in this paper is useful for managers of fitness companies when designing and managing their activities.

    Originality/value – The paper presents a novel framework of the salient features of quality in fitness services – an industry that has received little scholarly attention in the past. This research also contributes to the general understanding of service quality, and demonstrates the usefulness of inductive qualitative methodology in this regard.

  • 136.
    Landscheidt, Steffen
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Forestry and Wood Technology.
    Kans, Mirka
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Winroth, Mats
    Chalmers University of Technology.
    Differences on automation practices in wooden single-family houses manufacturing: Four case studies2017In: 23rd International Wood Machining Seminar Proceedings / [ed] Marcin Zbiec and Kazimierz Orlowski, Warsaw, Poland: Warsaw University of Life Sciences , 2017, p. 350-359Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In densely forested countries, forest and wood-based products are an important contributing factor to the country’s economy and also a valuable resource for house manufacturing. With rising demand for housing in Europe, wooden houses have become more of an alternative to concrete houses. Although wooden houses have always been popular in Nordic countries, higher demand puts more pressure on seemingly outdated production facilities and personnel in order to supply the market. Whereas many other industries strive to modern production concepts such as Industry 4.0 to adapt to new market conditions, industrial timber house building is still characterized by a high amount of manual labor.

    In Europe´s highly industrialized countries, labor costs influence wooden house manufacturers rather negatively and exert great pressure on them to stay competitive. Some companies have chosen outsourcing of their operations and production as means to survive. Another way, already successfully proven in other industries, is the automation and digitalization of production processes. Effective implementation of automation equipment depends on several factors, e.g. production volume, applied material, chosen application or cycle times. It is not entirely clear which factors are contributing to the successful change to a more automated production.

    Based on an Industry 4.0 readiness model, the purpose of this study is to seek out which dimensions correlate with each other in order to support improved production processes and efficiency for wooden single-house manufactures. 

    By applying a comparative case study approach, automation standards and practices in Sweden, Germany and Austria, are described and compared. Results of this case study reveal that a production strategy together with sound digital support and information sharing leads to the best production systems for single-wooden houses manufacturers.

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    Landscheidt et al - IWMS23
  • 137.
    Landscheidt, Steffen
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Forestry and Wood Technology.
    Kans, Mirka
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Winroth, Mats
    Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden.
    Wester, Hans
    Yaskawa Nordic AB, Sweden.
    The future of industrial robot business: Product or performance based?2018In: Proceedings of the 8th Swedish Production Symposium (SPS 2018) / [ed] Mauro Onori, Lihui Wang, Xi Vincent Wang, Wei Ji, Elsevier, 2018, Vol. 25, p. 495-502Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The robot market today is mainly based on product-centered sales concepts. In the future, traditional procurement of industrial robots can be expected to become less important and the business models will shift the focus towards leasing or even pay-per-use. This paper discusses how these new business models should be designed and what components and features are needed for successful implementation. Digitalization, circular economy, cultural barriers, business traditions and fear of new philosophies are investigated and put into the context of the advantages offered. A possible transformation process is set into the context of the product-process matrix.

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    Landscheidt et al. (2018)
  • 138.
    Langer, Sarka
    et al.
    IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Sweden.
    Moldanová, Jana
    IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Sweden.
    Bloom, Erica
    IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Sweden.
    Österman, Cecilia
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Kalmar Maritime Academy.
    Indoor Environment On-Board the Swedish Icebreaker Oden2014In: Proceedings of Indoor Air 2014 / [ed] Indoor Air Technical Committee, Hong Kong: International Society for Indoor Air Quality and Climate (ISIAQ)ISIAQ. , 2014, article id HP0293Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The indoor air quality (IAQ) on-board the Swedish icebreaker Oden was examined during two field campaigns, in winter and in summer 2013. The measured parameters were temperature, relative humidity, air exchange rate and concentration of CO, CO2, NO, NO2, ozone, SO2, volatile organic compounds (VOC), formaldehyde, PAH, PM10, PM2.5 and submicron and ultrafine particles. Several indoor spaces of both living and working environments were investigated from the top to the bottom of the ship and outdoor air reference samples were collected at the same time. The results show in general that the IAQ on the ship is good with respect to the existing, recommended indoor air guideline values and occupational limit values. Concentrations in the living spaces were comparable with those in Swedish homes. The majority of the indoor air pollutants on the ship originated from the ship fuel evaporative emissions and operation of the main and auxiliary engines and boilers.

  • 139.
    Langer, Sarka
    et al.
    IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet.
    Moldanová, Jana
    IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet.
    Österman, Cecilia
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Kalmar Maritime Academy. IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet.
    God innemiljö på svenska fartyg: Kartläggning av innemiljön och förslag på förbättringsåtgärder2015Report (Refereed)
    Abstract [sv]

    Miljön ombord på fartyg är viktig för besättningens välbefinnande hälsa ocharbetseffektivitet. Inomhusluftens kvalitet och termisk komfort är viktiga delar avinnemiljön som inte har studerats så mycket på fartyg. Vid långa resor som vararveckor eller månader och kan passera flera klimatzoner finns inget sätt att byta miljöoch ingen utväg från fartyget, och då blir god innemiljön extra viktig eftersom denutgör både arbetsmiljö och boendemiljö (innemiljö). Syftet med denna studie var attkartlägga hur innemiljön på svenska fartyg ser ut, föreslå en enkel övervakningsmetodikför innemiljö samt föreslå förbättringsåtgärder där det behövs.Inom projektet har mätningar gjorts på nio fartyg under elva mätomgångar; ettfartyg undersöktes både vinter och sommar och ett annat fartyg före och efter byte avbränsle. Temperatur och relativ luftfuktighet som beskriver inneklimat, halterna avgasformiga luftföroreningarna koldioxid, kväveoxider, svaveldioxid, flyktiga organiskaämnen, polycykliska aromatiska kolväten, formaldehyd och partiklar (PM10, PM2.5 ochnanopartiklar) mättes i både maskinutrymmen och innemiljöer med diffusiva (passiva)provtagare och direktvisande instrument.Innemiljö och luftkvalitet på de undersökta fartygen var överlag god. Halter avluftföroreningar var under och mycket under både de hygieniska gränsvärdena förarbetsmiljö och rekommenderade riktvärden för god innemiljö. Även om det inteförekom hälsofarliga halter av luftföroreningarna, förekom stora skillnaderna i halterbåde inom och mellan fartyg. Principalkomponentanalys utpekade typ av bränsle somfrämsta indikator för luftkvalitet i maskinutrymmen samt bränslet och fartygensframdrivningssätt för andra innemiljöer på fartyget. Inom projektet har ”Indoor AirPollution Index” för fartyg utvecklats och använts för att rangordna fartygen medavseende på kvalitet av innemiljö.För att ytterligare höja kvaliteten på fartygens innemiljö, arbets- och boendemiljöhar följande förslag på tekniska och organisatoriska åtgärder för befintliga fartyg ochvid nybyggnation identifierats. För befintliga fartyg gäller framförallt kontroll ochunderhåll av ventilationssystem, ordning och reda särskilt i maskinutrymmen samt vidbehov användning av lämplig skyddsutrustning. Vid planering och design av nya fartygbör främst fartygets framdrivningssätt med tillhörande bränsle beaktas, eftersomanvändning av bränslen med bättre kvalitet än tjockolja också innebär förbättringar försåväl luftkvalitet som arbetsmiljö. Andra viktiga aspekter för upprätthållande av godinnemiljö är ventilationsanordning där man effektivt separerar avluftningar frånmaskinutrymmen från friskluftsintag till andra inneutrymmen samt utformning avarbetsplatser och innemiljöer med särskilt tonvikt på ett separat rengöringsrum imaskinutrymmen.

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  • 140.
    Langer, Sarka
    et al.
    IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute.
    Moldanová, Jana
    IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute.
    Österman, Cecilia
    IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute.
    Influence of fuel change on indoor environmental quality on-board a passenger ferry2016In: Proceedings of Indoor Air 2016, International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate - ISIAQ , 2016Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study intends to investigate how a change of fuel type from Heavy Fuel Oil to a ultra-low sulphur hybrid oil affects the indoor air quality on board a passenger ferry. The indoor air quality was assessed with respect to the concentration of NO2, SO2 and TVOC, temperature and relative humidity. The efficiency of the ventilation system on the ferry was estimated by measurements of the levels of CO2. The air on-board the ferry was rather dry and in the engine space also warm. CO2 levels exceeded 1 000 ppm extremely seldom, thus indicating well designed and functioning ventilation. The concentrations of the air pollutants were below the guidelines values for good IAQ. They were also much below the occupational limit values. Living and working on-board this ship is comparable to any other indoor environment. The change of the fuel influenced only the concentrations of SO2.

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  • 141.
    Langer, Sarka
    et al.
    IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Sweden.
    Österman, Cecilia
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Kalmar Maritime Academy.
    Strandberg, Bo
    Lund University, Sweden.
    Fridén, Håkan
    IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Sweden.
    Riskbedömning av svenska sjömäns yrkesmässiga exponering för toxiska luftföroreningar: Mätningar och enkätundersökning2018Report (Refereed)
    Abstract [sv]

    Ett fartyg utgör både en arbetsmiljö och en boendemiljö och besättningen vistas ofta långa tider ombord. Ombordtjänstgöringen kan vara i veckor eller månader och kan ibland passera flera klimat­zoner. Eftersom vi tillbringar den största delen av vår tid inomhus är det där vi främst exponeras. På ett fartyg kan det vara svårt att påverka sin exponering för kemiska ämnen eftersom möjligheten att byta miljö är liten. Det är därför extra viktigt att innemiljön är god.

    Luften ombord präglas till stor del av de kemiska ämnen som har sitt ursprung i fartygets bränsle, smörjoljor och motoravgaser. Det är en komplicerad blandning som innehåller mest koldioxid, kol­monoxid, svaveldioxid, kväveoxider men också kolväten såsom bensen, toluen, xylener, och poly­cykliska aromatiska kolväten. Flera av dessa ämnen är cancerframkallande eller hälsoskadliga på annat sätt. Det finns dock få vetenskapliga studier som undersökt den personliga exponeringen för farliga luftföroreningar som de sjömän som arbetar ombord utsätts för.

    Syftet med projektet som presenteras i denna rapport var att kartlägga den personliga exponeringen för de toxiska luftföroreningarna bensen, kvävedioxid (NO2) och polycykliska aromatiska kolväten (PAH) som alla kan spåras till fartygs-bränslet och bränsleavgaser. Den uppmätta exponeringen har analyserats för att kunna identifiera eventuella skillnader mellan typ av fartyg och mellan olika avdelningar och befattningar ombord. De uppmätta halterna har jämförts med svenska lagkrav men också med internationella, icke bindande riktlinjer för innemiljöer, för att få en uppfattning om halternas storlek. Dessutom har vi undersökt hur besättningen själva upplever sin luftkvalitet ombord. Projektets övergripande mål var att utveckla en metod för riskbedömning av exponeringen som kan användas av branschen, samt att formulera praktiska råd och rekommendationer.

    Den personliga exponeringen har mätts med passiva diffusionsprovtagare som burits i andnings­zonen av personer som arbetar ombord. Totalt har vi resultat från 124 personer på 11 olika fartyg med olika typ av framdrivningsmaskineri och som går på olika bränslen. En enkät med frågor om upplevd luftkvalitet på arbetsplatsen och i hytten har delats ut till alla personer i besättningen på de besökta fartygen. Enkäten har besvarats av totalt 308 personer viket motsvarar en svarsfrekvens på 78%.

    Resultaten visar att samtliga uppmätta personliga exponeringar låg långt under Arbetsmiljöverkets hygieniska gränsvärden som också gäller svenskflaggade fartyg genom Transportstyrelsens föreskrifter. En del personer har exponerats för halter i nivå med och i vissa fall något över Världshälsoorganisationens hälsobaserade rekommenderade riktvärden för innemiljöer. Dessa riktvärden är dock satta för innemiljöer utan industriell verksamhet och med tanke på att barn, sjuka och äldre kan vistas i sådana innemiljöer under en längre tid. Även om fartyget utgör en boendemiljö för de som arbetar ombord, så kan besättningen förväntas ut­göras av friska personer i arbetsför ålder. Däremot pekar resultatet på vikten av att arbeta system­atiskt med att minimera exponeringen för farliga luftföroreningar så långt som det är möjligt. Världshälsoorganisationen menar att det inte finns säkra halter av bensen och benso(a)pyren. Därför kan de arbetsuppgifter som innebär en något högre exponering för dessa farliga ämnen behöva riskbedömas särskilt, till exempel sådana som innebär kontakt med bränslen, smörjoljor, hydrauloljor eller andra kemikalier, eller exponering för fordonsavgaser eller stekos.

    En jämförelse av hela besättningens exponering på de olika fartygen visade att det fanns skillnader både mellan fartyg och inom fartyg. Här har multivariata analyser av resultaten gett en sammansatt bild av exponeringen och bekräftar individuella ämnen. Fartygets funktion och bränsle är indikativa determinanter för exponeringens storlek. Fartyg som fraktar marint bränsle och de som drivs på tjockolja uppvisar högre exponeringsgrad än andra typer av fartyg.

    Vid en jämförelse mellan befattning och avdelning ser vi att maskinmanskap generellt har högst upp­mätta halter, följt av personal inom däcksavdelningen och intendenturen som har lägst halter. Vid en jämförelse av resultaten för befäl och manskap på alla fartyg ser vi ingen skillnad i exponering.

    Resultaten av enkätundersökningen visar att luftkvaliteten i stort upplevs som acceptabel. När vi bryter ner resultaten per avdelning ser vi att driftpersonalen, däck- och maskinavdelningarna, är mer nöjda med sin luftkvalitet än intendenturen. Skillnaden mellan avdelningarna syns också när det gäller luktens intensitet, där däck- och maskinavdelningarna upplever liten till måttlig lukt på sin arbetsplats och i sin hytt och intendenturpersonalen upplever en starkare lukt på sin arbetsplats, från måttlig till stark lukt.

    Exponering för mer än ett ämne med liknande effekt innebär en så kallad additiv, hygienisk effekt. Ett kumulativt riskindex har därför tagits fram utifrån summan av kvoterna mellan uppmätt halt för ämnena NO2, bensen, benso(a)pyren och naftalen och deras respektive hälsobaserade riktvärde fram­taget av Världshälsoorganisationen. Detta riskindex har använts för att jämföra exponeringen med normalbefolkningen i Sverige, samt för att identifiera skillnader mellan fartyg, befattningar och avdelningar. Kumulativt riskindex kan användas för riskbedömningar av arbeten och arbetsuppgifter med syfte att eliminera och minimera kända exponeringar så långt som möjligt.

    Åtgärder för att minska den personliga exponeringen kan vara både tekniska och organisatoriska. Det är viktigt att säkerställa en god allmänventilation för såväl arbetsplatser som hytter. Vissa utrymmen kan behöva särskilda utsug, såsom arbetsplatser för svetsning och maskinbearbetning, rengöring av motordelar, blandning av färg, över stekbord i köket och liknande, för att fånga upp luftföroreningar nära källan. Alternativt kan befintliga utsug behöva förbättras. Det är också viktigt att ha bra rutiner för rengöring och underhåll av arbetsutrustning och ventilationsanläggningar. Organisatoriska åtgärder kan vara att planera och fördela arbetet för att minska exponeringen för den enskilde individen genom arbetsrotation, arbetsväxling och möjligheter till paus i utrymme med lägre exponering.

    De skillnader i upplevelsen av luftens kvalitet som ses mellan avdelningarna kan dels förklaras av olika typer av arbetsuppgifter och exponeringar som personalen inom de respektive avdelningarna har men upplevelsen styrs också av psykosociala arbetsmiljöfaktorer som hög arbetsbelastning, höga krav i arbetet och liten möjlighet att själv kunna påverka sin arbetssituation, samt lågt socialt stöd och låg arbetstillfredsställelse. Här kan helt andra typer av arbetsmiljöåtgärder behöva diskuteras för att öka upplevelsen av inflytande, delaktighet och stöd i arbetet.

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  • 142.
    Langer, Sarka
    et al.
    IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Sweden;Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden.
    Österman, Cecilia
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Kalmar Maritime Academy. IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Sweden.
    Strandberg, Bo
    Lund University, Sweden;University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Moldanová, Jana
    IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Sweden.
    Fridén, Håkan
    IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Sweden.
    Impacts of fuel quality on indoor environment onboard a ship: From policy to practice2020In: Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, ISSN 1361-9209, E-ISSN 1879-2340, Vol. 83, p. 1-11, article id 102352Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Environmental considerations, concerning the negative impacts of ship exhaust gases and particles on ambient air quality, are behind the requirements of cleaner marine fuels currently applied in designated emission control areas (ECAs).

    We investigated the impact of a ship operating on two types of fuel on the indoor air quality onboard. Gaseous and particulate air pollutants were measured in the engine room and the accommodation sections onboard an icebreaker operating first on Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO, 1%-S), and later Marine Diesel Oil (MDO, 0.1%-S). Statistically significant decrease of SO2, NOx, PM2.5 and particle number concentration were observed when the ship was operating on MDO. Due to the higher content of alkylated PAHs in MDO compared to HFO, the concentration of PAHs increased during operation on MDO. The particulate PAHs classified as carcinogens, were similar to, or lower, in the MDO campaign. Chemical analysis of PM2.5 revealed that the particles consisted mainly of organic carbon and sulfate, although the fraction of metals was quite large in particles from the engine room. Principal Component Analysis of all measured parameters showed a clear difference between HFO and MDO fuel on the indoor environmental quality onboard the ship.

    This empirical study poses a first example on how environmental policy-making impacts not only the primary target at a global level, but also brings unexpected localized benefits at workplace level. The study emphasizes the need of further investigations on the impact of new marine fuels and technologies on the indoor air environments on board.

  • 143.
    Larsson, Daniel
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Mörck, Martin
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Effektivisering av medelstor möbelfabrik med hjälp av värdeflödesanalys2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Wood is a sustainable, recyclable and an important material for furniture manufacturing. The Swedish furniture manufacturing sector is made up of 2379 companies where Norrgavel is a part of. Norrgavel has an inadequate understanding of their current state of their cycle time. A strategy to avoid such an issue is to use tools from Lean management, which this study is aimed towards. The goal of the study is to bring forward the time of their production steps to see where in the process flow the value creating time is through a Value stream map (VSM). The main purpose of the study is to create an understanding of how a value flow can be adapted to reduce waste within a manufacturing furniture company. This will be done through observation, interviews and mainly measurements.

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    Effektivisering av medelstor möbelfabrik med hjälp av värdeflödesanalys
  • 144.
    Leijonqvist, Simon
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Albin, Larsson
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Val av plockmetod för effektivare materialförsörjning vid kundanpassad produktion - En fallstudie på ATEA Logistics AB2020Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This report is a case study, which was conducted at ATEA Logistics AB. It’s purpose was to create understanding of how a combination of two picking methods can be used in materials supply. From this understanding the goal was to design a decision making model for when each of the methods is to be used. Literarry research, time studies, observations and interviews have been used to reach this goal. By calculating comparative times for each method, with the use of a factual decision making model, it was determined that the case company could save up to 295 seconds in a single picking round. From this result it was concluded that by using quantifiable and factual decision models, materials supply can be made more efficient by the use of a combination of picking methods.

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  • 145.
    Lij, Mattias
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    En modell för att kostnadseffektivt öka produktionen inom aluminium-bearbetning2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study is from a case study develop a model that aims to cost effectively improve productivity in a manufacturing production process. The study highlights the importance of having knowledge about customer needs and using a holistic process perspective when improving productivity to identify the relations between the process stations and by this find problems that cause waste and losses in productivity. Tools and methods used to make production more efficient such as single minute exchange of die, spaghetti diagram, 5s and master production schedule is presented an applied in the model to see how these effect costs, productivity etc.

    Maintenance effects on quality and productivity in a manufacturing company will as well be covered in this thesis. The results and conclusions finally reveals how the process improvement tools, maintenance and production planning for example effects each other and why it is important to establish an attitude in the company where continuous process improvement should be emphasized.

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  • 146.
    Lindblad, Fredrik
    et al.
    ATEA Logistics.
    Schauerte, Tobias
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Flinkman, Matti
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Forestry and Wood Technology.
    Changes in Industry Structure and Concentration?: Welfare Loss due to Perfect Competition in the Swedish Industry for Wooden Single-Family Houses2016In: 70th Forest Products Society annual convention - new horizons for the forest products industry, June 27-29, 2016, Portland, Madison: Forest Products Society, 2016Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    As studies based on data from 2012 show, the Swedish market for wooden single-family houses is highly competitive, with many firms offering relatively homogeneous products or services. In order to serve the demand on that market, only 38 % of the existing firms actually were needed. Thus, an uneven distribution of resource utilization let to welfare losses. Yet since 2012, the demand on the market increased by more than 35 %, which potentially had an effect on resource utilization.

    This study is aiming at describing the development of the structure and concentration in the Swedish industry for wooden single-family houses, for a five year period from 2010 to 2014. This could help to understand, if and how market demand affects structure, concentration rate and consequently welfare loss due to resource utilization. The required data were collected from the annual reports of the 52 relevant firms in the industry. By means of the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index and the Herfindahl-Hershamann Number Equivalent, industry structure and concentration rate was calculated.

    The results will show how the industry structure and concentration rate developed from 2010 to 2015, the distribution of resource for welfare purposes and thus, how many firms there actually were needed to serve the market.

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  • 147.
    Lindblad, Fredrik
    et al.
    ATEA Logistics.
    Schauerte, Tobias
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Flinkman, Matti
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Forestry and Wood Technology.
    Evaluating profitability of Firms in the Swedish Industry for Wooden Single-Family Houses2016In: The 70th Forest Products Society annual convention - new horizons for the forest products industry, June 27-29, 2016, Portland, Madison: Forest Products Society, 2016Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The market for Swedish wooden single-family house producers is characterized by perfect competition, i.e. products are highly substitutional and firms mainly compete by prices. Variance in net profit margins, as a key number for profitability, for firms in this industry ranges by 60 %. As net profit margin is defined as net profit divided by revenue, these latter two directly affect net profit margin. Yet, leaving the obvious determining mathematical explanations aside, other factors might affect the profitability of the firms, showing, what distinguishes successful firms from less successful ones.

    This study is aiming at exploring the factors affecting the profitability of Swedish firms producing wooden single-family houses. By means of those factors, variances in net profit margins might be explained more thoroughly. Data from annual reports were collected from 52 firms in the industry and a correlation analysis performed.

    The results will show if there are factors that correlate with net profit margins and if yes, what explanatory power these factors have. This in turn might serve as an input for the firms’ strategic development towards a higher profitability of their businesses.

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  • 148.
    Liwång, Hans
    et al.
    Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden;Swedish National Defence College, Sweden.
    Sörenson, Karl
    KTH Royal Instute of Technology, Sweden;Swedish National Defence College, Sweden.
    Österman, Cecilia
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Kalmar Maritime Academy.
    Ship security challenges in high-risk areas: manageable or insurmountable?2015In: WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs (JoMA), ISSN 1651-436X, E-ISSN 1654-1642, Vol. 14, no 2, p. 201-217Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Piracy can lead to risks so high that they, according to the InternationalMaritime Organization, are tolerable only if risk reduction is not practicable or isdisproportionate to the benefits achieved. Therefore, there is a need for reducing shipsecurity risks in relation to antagonistic threats such as piracy. The aim of this study isto identify challenges for ship operators when developing their ship security management.Furthermore, this study also investigates two central aspects in the analysis:understanding the threat and understanding how a security threat affects the crew andoperation of the ship. It is clear from the analysis that the importance of subjectiveaspects beyond a ship operators’ direct control is high. This seems to be the fact for allaspects of the risk management process. The situation is also dynamic as the securityrisk, as well as the risk perception, can change dramatically even though there are noactual operational changes. As a result, the ship security management process is highlyiterative and depends on situations on board as well as conditions out of the shipoperator’s control. In order to make ship security manageable, the risk management hasto put particular focus on methodological understanding, relevant system understandingand well-defined risk acceptance criteria as well as on including all levels of theorganization in the risk reduction implementation and on a continuous monitoring.

  • 149.
    Lundgren, Carl-Michael
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Idung, Henrik
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Kapacitetsutveckling av en befintlig produktionsresurs vid ett tillverkande företag: En fallstudie vid Viking Beds AB2014Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 15 credits / 22,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Fallstudien är utförd på Vikings Beds AB med syftet att få förståelse över vilka resurser som påverkar en produktionsresurs när ett tillverkande företag vill öka omsättningen.

    Först kartlades nuläget genom kartläggning av lagerhantering och materialstyrning. Med hjälp av dessa två metoder skapades ett layoutflödesdiagram som gav en uppfattning om vilka faktorer som påverkade vilka i flödet. Genom en TAK-analys kunde tillgängligheten betraktas som flödets huvudproblem.

    Med den slutsatsen utformades sedan rekommendationer innehållandes ställtidsreduktioner, flashhalsoptimering samt materialstyrningsmetoder. Dessa metoder ska förhoppningsvis hjälpa Viking Beds nå ökad omsättning.

     

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    ExamensarbeteVikingBeds
  • 150.
    Luu, Alan
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Ragnarsson, John
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering.
    Effektivisering av informationsflödet hos ett företag med produktvariation: Fallstudie på A-hus AB2017Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 15 credits / 22,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet med denna studie är att identifiera ett företags informationsflödet och ta fram förbättringsförslag. Företaget har en hög efterfrågan på deras produkter och en effektivisering av projekteringsarbetet gör att företaget lättare kan möta kommande utmaningar. Vid studier konstaterades det att problem skapas mellan arkitekt och konstruktör när det blir så kallat specialprojekt samtidigt som det saknades standardiserat arbete. Genom de presenterade förbättringsförslagen kan informationsflödet göra betydande effektiviseringar.

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