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  • 101.
    Berglund, Sara
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Växjö kommun: En jämförande studie om svårigheter vid miljömålsformulering2013Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Den här är en jämförande studie gjord för Växjö kommun, mellan de fyra kommunerna Växjö, Helsingborg, Lund och Örebro. Avsikten var att ta reda på vilka typer av miljömå lsom de olika kommunerna har, hur deras miljömål är formulerade, vad det finns för problem och svårigheter vid formulering av miljömål samt vad det är som gör att vissa miljömål är mer lyckade än andra. Detta för att även kunna ta fram förslag på förbättringar eller hur erfarenheter från de andra kommunerna skulle kunna användas inom Växjö kommuns miljömålsarbete.

    Studien har visat att det inte är något lätt arbete att skapa miljömål inom en kommun. Svårigheterna i arbetet ligger främst i att hitta rätt sätt att mäta och vilken indikator som ska användas inom uppföljnings- och utvärderingsarbetet. Att en kommun har miljömål som omfattar områden där kommunen själv inte sitter med rådighet försvårar miljömålsarbetet, samtidigt som det är svårt att hitta rätt styrmedel för att påverka andra. För att lyckas med miljömålsarbetet inom en kommun är det av betydelse att sätta miljömål som är relevanta för kommunen samtidigt som miljömålen har en tydlig formulering och målsättning. Även att kommunen plockar fram styrmedel för att kunna påverka andra inom områden där de själva inte sitter med rådighet och att det finns tydliga ansvarsfördelningar inom förvaltningar och de personer som driver miljömålet framåt. Ett miljömål är inte självgående utan behöver fokus för att bli lyckat och uppnås.

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  • 102.
    Bergman, Agneta
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakultetsnämnden för naturvetenskap och teknik, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, NV.
    Människan, kalven eller gödselbrunnen? Mjölkens destination och fördelning - hos mjölkbonden2012Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [en]

    A variety of food is produced and passes the whole chain by processing, transport and trade and finally it ends up with the consumer. But in many cases, the food is disposed before it is eaten. Some of the produced food does not even pass the whole entire chain before it turns to waste. The question about food waste in debates is a case of access to food for every human beeing. It is question of consumption of the resources, waste management and an issue of environmental impact. Measurable statistics can be found in the later stages of the chain, but the basis for the quantities that may be one of the primary production is not as clear. My object of this thesis has been to acquire knowledge about where the milk ends up at the farm. How much is direct food for humans, how much are destined for processing, how much goes back into production - to the calves, and how large proportion becomes waste that is converted into manure. I also wanted to know the causes of why the milk ends up where it actually does. After visiting 17 dairy farms in Bohuslän, Dalsland and Västra Götaland, and through discussions with involved farmers I have found that the milk that turns into manure are collectively less than 1% of the produced milk. The main reason why the milk in the daily production goes into manure heap from the farmers I have visited, is because of the cows that are sick with mastitis or lameness, and their following penicillin therapy makes the milk become contaminated. 3% of the produced milk is essential for the future, when it goes directly to the calves. The entire 97% is produced and reaches the goal with the dairy farmer's entire business - it goes further as a potential food for humans.

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  • 103.
    Bergseije, Victor
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Effects of Heat Transfer Fluid from District Heating Networks on Activated Sludge: A respirometric analysis using a dilution series to assess disruption of biological treatment processes in wastewater treatment facilities2014Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [en]

    District heating has a long standing tradition in Sweden and today it is the most common way of producing and transporting heat. A District heating system (DH system) is divided into three parts: a production facility, distribution network (DH network) and one more heat stations. The heat produced in the facilities is distributed to the customers via a heat transfer medium, usually water (DH water), in piping networks that make up the DH network. The heat is transferred to the customers via the heat exchanger at which point they can use it as heated tap water or for heating purposes. The DH networks are often constructed in steel as it is cheap and a relatively resistant material. However it has the disadvantages of corrosion and expansions when it is exposed high temperatures which lead to damages in the DH network resulting in loss of the DH water, this is an unavoidable occurrence in any DH network. This results in addition of pollutants by leakages into the DH network or with the water that is used to compensate for the losses. The pollutants cause further corrosion, leading to metal contamination, and more damages on the DH network meaning there is a continuous degradation. Therefore various treatments are used to clean and ascertain an acceptable chemical environment in the DH systems. These treatments are effective but not at a level which is required so many chemicals are used to enhance the treatment of the water. Some of these are known to be toxic to humans and water ecosystems.

    As leakages are abundant and often end up in the WWTPs of the concerned municipality, which often have troubles with disturbances of the biological treatment, it was decided that an assessment of the toxic effects that DH water pose on activated sludge was to be investigated. This was done by testing water from two DH networks, Växjö and Kalmar, on the same activated sludge obtained from Tegelviken WWTP in Kalmar. A respirometric bioassay approach established by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), OECD standard 209; OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals was used with changes made to exposure and measuring time as this decrease the risk of misinterpretation of the results. A dilution series using different concentrations (6.25%, 25% and 100%) of DH water was tested and compered to a blank control samples containing only activated sludge. Assessment of toxicity on total oxidation, oxidation carbon and oxidation of nitrogen was made. To get some idea of what might cause toxic effect samples of the waters was sent to outside laboratories for analyses of metals. The result from the bioassay and metal analysis was used to formulate risk factors associated with a DH water spill and exposure to WWTPs.

    It was found that both DH waters have a significant inhibition on nitrification in WWTPs. The DH water from Kalmar exhibited similar toxicity dynamics, roughly 20% inhibition, despite large differences in concentration. The DH water from Växjö showed a negative correlation between an increase in concentration of DH water and toxicity, 74% for the lowest concentration and 11% for the highest. The metal analysis concluded that there was no abundance of metal contamination which led to the inference that toxicity is probably caused by the chemicals used for treatment. This poses a great risk for the Baltic Ocean as many WWTPs release their treated water directly into water courses with a short detention time before reaching the sea.

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    Effects of Heat Transfer Fluid from District Heating Networks on Activated Sludge
  • 104. Bergström, Jan
    et al.
    Öberg, Tomas
    Högskolan i Kalmar, Naturvetenskapliga institutionen.
    Incineration of PCB and other hazardous wastes1987Ingår i: American Flame Research Committee, 1987Konferensbidrag (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 105. Bergström, Jan
    et al.
    Öberg, Tomas
    Högskolan i Kalmar, Naturvetenskapliga institutionen.
    Organiska mikroföroreningar från avfallsförbränning1986Rapport (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 106.
    Berlin, Malin
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Hållbarhet till nya nivåer: En analys av vilka indikatorer i GRI Standards som är väsentliga för ett medelstort företag i skobranschen2020Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    I dag ställs allt större krav på företags hållbarhetsarbete och det är inte längre frågan om ett företag ska hållbarhetsredovisa, utan snarare vad och hur. Det finns flera verktyg för att utarbeta en hållbarhetsredovisning, där Global Reporting Initative (GRI) Standards är den mest använda metoden.

    GRI Standards tillhandahåller riktlinjer för hur en hållbarhetsredovisning kan utformas, som då kan öka i trovärdighet och legitimitet. Vidare är en intressentanalys en kartläggning av företagets intressenter och kan ge svar på vad som bör göras för att vara attraktiv både på marknaden och som arbetsgivare i ett längre perspektiv. En intressentanalys bör alltid ligga till grund för en hållbarhetsredovisning. 

    Den här studien syftar till att identifiera vilka indikatorer i GRI Standards som är väsentliga för ett medelstort företag i skobranschen. Med en befintlig intressentanalys från ett medelstort företag i skobranschen, intervju med hållbarhetschefen på det aktuellt företaget samt GRI Standards resulterade studien i en förteckning över vilka GRI-indikatorer som är väsentliga för företaget att ha med i en hållbarhetsredovisning.

    GRI Standards enligt Core option ställer krav på vilka upplysningar som ska finnas i en hållbarhetsredovisning. Upplysningarna, indikatorerna, finns listade i standarden, men ska filtreras så att bara väsentliga aspekter i den redovisade verksamheten belyses. Därför måste väsentlighetsanalysen göras innan man kan avgöra om en redovisning når upp till standarden. Upplysningarna i Paul Brunngård AB:s senaste hållbarhetsredovisning jämfördes med förteckningen över väsentliga indikatorer som togs fram i denna studie. Jämförelsen visar att företaget är på god väg att nå upp till en hållbarhetsredovisning i enlighet med GRI Standards Core option.

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  • 107.
    Berling, Peter
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Ekonomihögskolan (FEH), Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO). Lund University.
    Eng-Larsson, Fredrik
    Stockholm University.
    Environmental implications of transport contract choice - capacity investment and pricing under volume and capacity contracts2017Ingår i: European Journal of Operational Research, ISSN 0377-2217, E-ISSN 1872-6860, Vol. 261, nr 1, s. 129-142Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Inspired by the observation that capacity contracts are used by some retailers to increase their transport provider's investments in green transport solutions, we investigate and compare a service provider's optimal investment, and its environmental implications under a volume and a capacity contract respectively. We solve the service provider's investment problem under the assumption that the retailer uses the service to replenish a warehouse with storable goods. We then show that a capacity contract leads to more green transports, but not necessarily a larger investment in green transport solutions. At the same time, the optimal solution involves heavy investment in inventory at the retailer. The investment in inventory is non-decreasing in the cost benefit of the green transports, which may have a significant negative environmental impact. The implication is that a capacity contract will lead to better environmental performance than a volume contract only when the green transports' cost benefit is within a given interval. Whether the capacity contract is the more profitable option for the service provider within this interval depends on inventory related costs and the relative environmental costs from transportation and inventory. Interestingly, owing to this, regulation that target the price of the conventional vehicles, such as a carbon tax, may lead to both an increase or a decrease in environmental performance. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  • 108.
    Bertilsson, Linn
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Influencers, följarna och flyget: Kan influencers påverka följares flygvanor?2019Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Följare av social media influencers har visat sig kunna påverkas starkt av den information influencers sänder ut och förmedlar på sina kanaler. Hittills har dock inga studier uppmärksammat influencers flygvanor och hur de kan påverka och avspegla sig på följares flygvanor. Den här studien avsåg därför att undersöka om flygvanorna hos följare av influencers kan påverkas av den livsstil som influencers förmedlar. För att svara på syftet ställdes följande tre frågeställningar: Upplever följare av social media influencers att deras flygvanor påverkas av den livsstil som influencers förmedlar i sina inlägg? Upplever följare att de inspireras av influencers resor och reserelaterade inlägg? Använder följare sig medvetet av influencers som en källa till reseinspiration? Utifrån dessa frågeställningar utformades sedan en enkät som lades ut i nio olika grupper på Facebook. Resultatet av enkätstudien visade att närmare 40 % av följarna i viss eller hög grad blir inspirerade av influencers livsstil och resor. En stor del upplever även att inspiration från influencers i någon grad inverkar vid valet av resmål medan en mindre andel medvetet söker reseinspiration hos influencers. Det framgick även att majoriteten av följarna känner att influencers livsstil och flygvanor i varierande grad påverkar dem till att flyga mer. Sammantaget visar studien att följare upplever att influencers livsstil och flygvanor i viss utsträckning påverkar deras egna flygvanor.

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  • 109.
    Bhatnagar, Amit
    et al.
    Department of Environmental Engineering (YIEST), Yonsei University, Wonju 220-710, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
    Choi, Y.H.
    Yoon, Y.J.
    Shin, Y.
    Jeon, B.H.
    Kang, J.W.
    Bromate removal from water by granular ferric hydroxide (GFH)2009Ingår i: Journal of Hazardous Materials, ISSN 0304-3894, E-ISSN 1873-3336, Vol. 170, nr 1, s. 134-140Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The feasibility of granular ferric hydroxide (GFH) for bromate removal from water has been studied. Batch experiments were performed to study the influence of various experimental parameters such as effect of contact time, initial bromate concentration, temperature, pH and effect of competing anions on bromate removal by GFH. The adsorption kinetics indicates that uptake rate of bromate was rapid at the beginning and 75% adsorption was completed in 5 min and equilibrium was achieved within 20 min. The sorption process was well described by pseudo-second-order kinetics. The maximum adsorption potential of GFH for bromate removal was 16.5 mg g−1 at 25 °C. The adsorption data fitted well to the Langmuir model. The increase in OH peak and absence of Br–O bonding in FTIR spectra indicate that ion-exchange was the main mechanism during bromate sorption on GFH. The effects of competing anions and solution pHs (3–9) were negligible. Results of the present study suggest that GFH can be effectively utilized for bromate removal from drinking water.

  • 110.
    Bhatnagar, Amit
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Hogland, William
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Marques, Marcia
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM). Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Dept Sanit & Environm Engn, UERJ, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
    Sillanpaa, Mika
    Lappeenranta Univ Technol, Fac Technol, FI-50100 Mikkeli, Finland.
    An overview of the modification methods of activated carbon for its water treatment applications2013Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal, ISSN 1385-8947, E-ISSN 1873-3212, Vol. 219, s. 499-511Artikel, forskningsöversikt (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Activated carbon has been recognized as one of the oldest and widely used adsorbent for the water and wastewater treatment for removing organic and inorganic pollutants. The application of activated carbon in adsorption process is mainly depends on the surface chemistry and pore structure of porous carbons. The method of activation and the nature of precursor used greatly influences surface functional groups and pore structure of the activated carbon. Therefore, the main focus of researchers is to develop or modifies the activation/treatment techniques in an optimal manner using appropriate precursors for specific pollutants. In recent years, emphasis is given to prepare the surface modified carbons using different procedures to enhance the potential of activated carbon for specific contaminants. Various methods such as, acid treatment, base treatment, impregnation treatment, ozone treatment, surfactant treatment, plasma treatment and microwave treatment have been studied to develop surface modified activated carbons. In this paper, these modification methods have been reviewed and the potential of surface modified activated carbons towards water treatment has been discussed. This review article is aimed at providing precise information on efforts made by various researchers in the field of surface modification of activated carbon for water pollution control. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  • 111.
    Bhatnagar, Amit
    et al.
    Department of Environmental Engineering , Yonsei University , South Korea.
    Ji, M.
    Department of Environmental Engineering , Yonsei University , South Korea.
    Choi, Y.H.
    Department of Environmental Engineering , Yonsei University , South Korea.
    Jung, W.
    Department of Environmental Engineering , Yonsei University , South Korea.
    Lee, S.H.
    Kim, S.J.
    Department of Environmental Engineering , Yonsei University , South Korea.
    Lee, G.
    Suk, H.
    Kim, H.S.
    Min, B.
    Kim, S.H.
    Jeon, B.H.
    Kang, J.W.
    Removal of nitrate from water by adsorption onto zinc chloride treated activated carbon2008Ingår i: Separation science and technology (Print), ISSN 0149-6395, E-ISSN 1520-5754, Vol. 43, s. 886-907Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 112.
    Bhatnagar, Amit
    et al.
    Univ Eastern Finland, Finland.
    Kaczala, Fabio
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Burlakovs, Juris
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM). Univ Latvia, Latvia.
    Kriipsalu, Mait
    Estonian Univ Life Sci, Estonia.
    Hogland, Marika
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Hogland, William
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Hunting for valuables from landfills and assessing their market opportunities: A case study with Kudjape landfill in Estonia2017Ingår i: Waste Management & Research, ISSN 0734-242X, E-ISSN 1096-3669, Vol. 35, nr 6, s. 627-635Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Landfill mining is an alternative technology that merges the ideas of material recycling and sustainable waste management. This paper reports a case study to estimate the value of landfilled materials and their respective market opportunities, based on a full-scale landfill mining project in Estonia. During the project, a dump site (Kudjape, Estonia) was excavated with the main objectives of extracting soil-like final cover material with the function of methane degradation. In total, about 57,777 m(3) of waste was processed, particularly the uppermost 10-year layer of waste. Manual sorting was performed in four test pits to determine the detailed composition of wastes. 11,610 kg of waste was screened on site, resulting in fine (<40 mm) and coarse (>40 mm) fractions with the share of 54% and 46%, respectively. Some portion of the fine fraction was sieved further to obtain a very fine grained fraction of <10 mm and analyzed for its potential for metals recovery. The average chemical composition of the <10 mm soil-like fraction suggests that it offers opportunities for metal (Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) extraction and recovery. The findings from this study highlight the importance of implementing best available site-specific technologies for on-site separation up to 10 mm grain size, and the importance of developing and implementing innovative extraction methods for materials recovery from soil-like fractions.

  • 113.
    Bhatnagar, Amit
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Kaczala, Fabio
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Hogland, William
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Marques, Marcia
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM). Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Dept Sanit & Environm Engn, UERJ, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
    Paraskeva, Christakis A.
    Papadakis, Vagelis G.
    Sillanpaa, Mika
    Valorization of solid waste products from olive oil industry as potential adsorbents for water pollution control-a review2014Ingår i: Environmental Science and Pollution Research, ISSN 0944-1344, E-ISSN 1614-7499, Vol. 21, nr 1, s. 268-298Artikel, forskningsöversikt (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The global olive oil production for 2010 is estimated to be 2,881,500 metric tons. The European Union countries produce 78.5 % of the total olive oil, which stands for an average production of 2,136,000 tons. The worldwide consumption of olive oil increased of 78 % between 1990 and 2010. The increase in olive oil production implies a proportional increase in olive mill wastes. As a consequence of such increasing trend, olive mills are facing severe environmental problems due to lack of feasible and/or cost-effective solutions to olive-mill waste management. Therefore, immediate attention is required to find a proper way of management to deal with olive mill waste materials in order to minimize environmental pollution and associated health risks. One of the interesting uses of solid wastes generated from olive mills is to convert them as inexpensive adsorbents for water pollution control. In this review paper, an extensive list of adsorbents (prepared by utilizing different types of olive mill solid waste materials) from vast literature has been compiled, and their adsorption capacities for various aquatic pollutants removal are presented. Different physicochemical methods that have been used to convert olive mill solid wastes into efficient adsorbents have also been discussed. Characterization of olive-based adsorbents and adsorption mechanisms of various aquatic pollutants on these developed olive-based adsorbents have also been discussed in detail. Conclusions have been drawn from the literature reviewed, and suggestions for future research are proposed.

  • 114.
    Bhatnagar, Amit
    et al.
    Environmental Science & Technology Division, CBRI , Roorkee, India / Department of Environmental Engineering (YIEST) , Yonsei University , Wonju, South Korea.
    Kumar, Eva
    Department of Environmental Engineering (YIEST) , Yonsei University , Wonju, South Korea.
    Minocha, A.K.
    Jeon, B.H.
    Song, H.
    Seo, Y.C.
    Removal of anionic dyes from water using Citrus limonum (lemon) peel:  Equilibrium studies and kinetic modeling2009Ingår i: Separation science and technology (Print), ISSN 0149-6395, E-ISSN 1520-5754, Vol. 44, s. 316-334Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The present study was undertaken to evaluate the adsorption potential of Citrus limonum (lemon) peel as an adsorbent for the removal of two anionic dyes, Methyl orange (MO) and Congo red (CR) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption was studied as a function of contact time, initial concentration, and temperature by batch method. The adsorption capacities of lemon peel adsorbent for dyes were found 50.3 and 34.5 mg/g for MO and CR, respectively. The equilibrium adsorption data was well described by the Langmuir model. Three simplified kinetic models viz. pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and Weber and Morris intraparticle diffusion model were tested to describe the adsorption process. Kinetic parameters, rate constants, equilibrium sorption capacities, and related correlation coefficients for each kinetic model were determined. It was found that the present system of dyes adsorption on lemon peel adsorbent could be described more favorably by the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The results of the present study reveal that lemon peel adsorbent can be fruitfully utilized as an inexpensive adsorbent for dyes removal from effluents.

  • 115.
    Bhatnagar, Amit
    et al.
    Environmental Science and Technology Division, CBRI, Roorkee, India,Institute of Environmental Technology and Energy Economics, Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH), 21073 Hamburg Harburg, Germany .
    Minocha, A.K.
    Assessment of the biosorption characteristics of lychee ( Litchi chinensis) peel waste for the removal of Acid Blue 25 dye from water2010Ingår i: Environmental technology, ISSN 0959-3330, E-ISSN 1479-487X, Vol. 31, s. 97-105Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to examine the adsorption potential of lychee (Litchi chinensis) peel waste for the removal of Acid Blue 25 dye from aqueous solutions. The adsorption was studied as a function of contact time, initial dye concentration and temperature by batch method. Equilibrium sorption isotherms showed that the lychee peel adsorbent possessed a high affinity and sorption capacity for Acid Blue 25, with a monolayer sorption capacity of ca. 200 mg g-1. The equilibrium adsorption data were well described by the Langmuir model. Kinetic studies revealed that the present system of dye adsorption on lychee peel adsorbent could be described more favourably by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The thermodynamic parameters, namely free energy (ΔG°), enthalpy (ΔH°) and entropy (ΔS°) changes, were determined for the process. The results of the present study suggest that lychee peel waste can be used beneficially as an adsorbent in treating industrial effluents containing dyes.

  • 116.
    Bhatnagar, Amit
    et al.
    Environmental Science and Technology Division, Central Building Research Institute (CBRI), Roorkee 247667, India.
    Minocha, A.K.
    Utilization of industrial waste for cadmium removal from water and immobilization in cement2009Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal, ISSN 1385-8947, E-ISSN 1873-3212, Vol. 150, s. 145-151Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The present study investigates the adsorption potential of metal sludge (a waste product of the electroplating industry) for the removal of cadmium from water. The adsorption capacity of the waste sludge for cadmium was ca. 40 mg g−1 at 25 °C. The adsorption was studied as a function of contact time, concentration and temperature by batch experiments. The adsorption has been found to be endothermic and data conform to the Langmuir model. The analysis of kinetic data indicates that the present adsorption system followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. After the adsorption studies, the metal-laden sludge adsorbent was immobilized in cement for its ultimate disposal. Physical properties such as initial and final setting time and the compressive strength of cement-stabilized wastes were tested to investigate the effect of the metal-laden sludge. The results of the present study clearly reveal that waste metal sludge can be used beneficially in treating industrial effluents containing cadmium and safely disposed of by immobilizing into cement. The proposed technology provides a two-fold advantage of wastewater treatment and solid waste management.

  • 117.
    Bhatnagar, Amit
    et al.
    Environmental Science & Technology Division, Central Building Research Institute (CBRI) , Roorkee, India.
    Minocha, A.K.
    Environmental Science & Technology Division, Central Building Research Institute (CBRI) , Roorkee, India.
    Kumar, E.
    Department of Environmental Engineering , Yonsei University , Wonju, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
    Sillanpää, M.
    Laboratory of Applied Environmental Chemistry (LAEC), Department of Environmental Sciences , University of Kuopio , Mikkeli, Finland.
    Jeon, BH
    Department of Environmental Engineering , Yonsei University , Wonju, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
    Removal of phenolic pollutants from water utilizing Mangifera indica (Mango) seed waste and cement fixation2009Ingår i: Separation science and technology (Print), ISSN 0149-6395, E-ISSN 1520-5754, Vol. 44, nr 13, s. 3150-3169Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    A process for the removal of two chlorophenols (2-chlorophenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol) from water using surface modified mango seed waste by adsorption process followed by cement fixation of the phenols-laden adsorbent is investigated. The two main objectives of this study were to develop efficient adsorbent utilizing mango seed waste by physiochemical activation and to an environmentally-friendly disposal of phenols-laden adsorbent into cement by a fixation process. The results of the present study reveal that the modified mango seed adsorbent showed an efficient adsorption potential for chlorophenols removal from water. The maximum adsorption potential of modified mango seed adsorbent for 2-chlorophenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol was 40.6 and 72.3 mg g−1, respectively at 25°C. Adsorption kinetic data of chlorophenols adsorption on mango seed adsorbent could be described more favorably by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. After the adsorption studies, the phenol-laden adsorbent was immobilized in cement for its ultimate disposal. Leachates from the fixed phenols-laden adsorbent exhibit phenols concentrations lower than the drinking water standards. Results from this study suggest the potential utility of agricultural wastes as one of the most promising activated carbon precursors for phenols removal from water and wastewater and the safe disposal of phenol-laden adsorbent into cement by fixation process.

  • 118.
    Bhatnagar, Amit
    et al.
    aboratory of Applied Environmental Chemistry, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Kuopio, FI-50100 Mikkeli, Finland.
    Sillanpää, Mika
    aboratory of Applied Environmental Chemistry, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Kuopio, FI-50100 Mikkeli, Finland.
    Applications of chitin- and chitosan-derivatives for the detoxification of water and wastewater - A short Review2009Ingår i: Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, ISSN 0001-8686, E-ISSN 1873-3727, Vol. 152, s. 26-38Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Chitin and chitosan-derivatives have gained wide attention as effective biosorbents due to low cost and high contents of amino and hydroxyl functional groups which show significant adsorption potential for the removal of various aquatic pollutants. In this review, an extensive list of chitin- and chitosan-derivatives from vast literature has been compiled and their adsorption capacities for various aquatic pollutants as available in the literature are presented. This paper will give an overview of the principal results obtained during the treatment of water and wastewater utilizing chitin and chitosan-derivatives for the removal of: (a) metal cations and metal anions; (b) radionuclides; (c) different classes of dyes; (d) phenol and substituted phenols; (e) different anions and other miscellaneous pollutants. The review provides a summary of recent information obtained using batch studies and deals with the various adsorption mechanisms involved. It is evident from the literature survey that chitin- and chitosan-derivatives have shown good potential for the removal of various aquatic pollutants. However, still there is a need to find out the practical utility of such developed adsorbents on commercial scale.

  • 119.
    Bhatnagar, Amit
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakultetsnämnden för naturvetenskap och teknik, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, NV.
    Vilar, V.J.P.
    Botelho, C.M.
    Boaventura, R.A.
    Optimization of nickel biosorption on surface modified algae, COBEQ2012Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
  • 120.
    Bhatnagar, Amit
    et al.
    LSRE — Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
    Vilar, V.J.P.
    LSRE — Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
    Botelho, C.M.S.
    LSRE — Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
    Boaventura, R.A.R.
    LSRE — Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
    Coconut based biosorbents for water treatment: A review of the recent literature2010Ingår i: Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, ISSN 0001-8686, E-ISSN 1873-3727, Vol. 160, nr 1-2, s. 1-15Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Biosorption is an emerging technique for water treatment utilizing abundantly available biomaterials (especially agricultural wastes). Among several agricultural wastes studied as biosorbents for water treatment, coconut has been of great importance as various parts of this tree (e.g. coir, shell, etc.) have been extensively studied as biosorbents for the removal of diverse type of pollutants from water. Coconut-based agricultural wastes have gained wide attention as effective biosorbents due to low-cost and significant adsorption potential for the removal of various aquatic pollutants. In this review, an extensive list of coconut-based biosorbents from vast literature has been compiled and their adsorption capacities for various aquatic pollutants as available in the literature are presented. Available abundantly, high biosorption capacity, cost-effectiveness and renewability are the important factors making these materials as economical alternatives for water treatment and waste remediation. This paper presents a state of the art review of coconut-based biosorbents used for water pollution control, highlighting and discussing key advancement on the preparation of novel adsorbents utilizing coconut wastes, its major challenges together with the future prospective. It is evident from the literature survey that coconut-based biosorbents have shown good potential for the removal of various aquatic pollutants. However, still there is a need to find out the practical utility of such developed adsorbents on commercial scale, leading to the superior improvement of pollution control and environmental preservation.

  • 121.
    Bhend, Jonas
    et al.
    Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology, Switzerland.
    Gaillard, Marie-José
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Hansson, Hans-Christen
    Stockholm University.
    Attributing causes of regional climate change in the Baltic Sea area2015Ingår i: Geophysical Research Abstracts, 2015, Vol. 17Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Here we assess to what extent the effect of forcing mechanisms on the observed climate change in the Baltic Sea area can be detected. In particular, we assess the effect of factors causing large-scale warming (mainly anthropogenic greenhouse gases) and the regional effect of atmospheric aerosols and land-cover and land-use changes. Unfortunately, only very few targeted analyses for the Baltic catchment area are available at the moment, but findings at the regional scale are generally qualitatively consistent with global or hemispheric analyses.

    The observed warming in summer cannot be explained without human influence (in particular the warming effect of increasing atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations). In other seasons and for other aspects of regional warming, findings are mixed or not significant as of yet. In addition, large-scale circulation and rainfall changes in the northern hemisphere and the Arctic have been detected to exceed natural internal variability. Other aspects of regional climate change including changes in storminess, snow properties, runoff and the changing physicalproperties of the Baltic Sea have not been formally attributed to human influence yet. Scientific understanding of the effect of aerosols on regional climate is still accumulating. It is likely that the major emission changes in Europe have had an effect on the climate in the Baltic region, the magnitude of which, however, is still unknown. Development of the modelling capability and targeted analyses are urgently needed to reduce the uncertainties related to the effect of aerosol changes on regional observed climate change. Historic deforestation and recent reforestation are the major anthropogenic land-cover changes affecting the Baltic Sea area. From all studies at hand it can be concluded that there is no evidence that anthropogenic land-cover change would be one of the forcings behind the recent warming in the Baltic region. However, past anthropogenic land-cover change may have influenced regional climate significantly already more than two thousand years ago.

  • 122.
    Bjorklund, Geir
    et al.
    Council Nutr & Environm Med, Norway.
    Christophersen, Olav Albert
    Norwegian Government Scholarship Holder, Norway.
    Chirumbolo, Salvatore
    Univ Verona, Italy.
    Selinus, Olle
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Aaseth, Jan
    Innlandet Hosp Trust, Norway ; Hedmark Univ Appl Sci, Norway.
    Recent aspects of uranium toxicology in medical geology2017Ingår i: Environmental Research, ISSN 0013-9351, E-ISSN 1096-0953, Vol. 156, s. 526-533Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Uranium (U) is a chemo-toxic, radiotoxic and even a carcinogenic element. Due to its radioactivity, the effects of U on humans health have been extensively investigated. Prolonged U exposure may cause kidney disease and cancer. The geological distribution of U radionuclides is still a great concern for human health. Uranium in groundwater, frequently used as drinking water, and general environmental pollution with U raise concerns about the potential public health problem in several areas of Asia. The particular paleo-geological hallmark of India and other Southern Asiatic regions enhances the risk of U pollution in rural and urban communities. This paper highlights different health and environmental aspects of U as well as uptake and intake. It discusses levels of U in soil and water and the related health issues. Also described are different issues of U pollution, such as U and fertilizers, occupational exposure in miners, use and hazards of U in weapons (depleted U), U and plutonium as catalysts in the reaction between DNA and H2O2, and recycling of U from groundwater to surface soils in irrigation. For use in medical geology and U research, large databases and data warehouses are currently available in Europe and the United States.

  • 123.
    Björnsdotter, Regina
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Kan livscykelanalyser bistå riskvärderingen vid val av åtgärdsmetod?: En fallstudie vid ett område förorenat med klorerade lösningsmedel2021Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Hur kan livscykelanalyser bistå riskvärderingen vid val av åtgärdsmetod? I det här examensarbetet undersöktes hur resultaten från livscykelanalyser kan användas i beslutstödsverktyget SAMLA för förorenade områden för att bistå val av åtgärdsmetod vid Finspångs centraltvätt. Examensarbetet har genomförts i samarbete med Structor Miljö Öst AB. Livscykelanalyser har utförts för två olika typer av åtgärdsmetoder in situ, stimulerad anaerob reduktiv deklorering samt elektrisk konduktiv uppvärmning. Tidigare studier har visat att olika livscykelanalysmetoder ger olika resultat. Även den här studien bekräftar det. Därför bör inte resultat från olika metoder jämföras. Livscykelanalyser kompletterar SAMLA för förorenade områden väl. De procentuella förhållandena beräknades mellan åtgärdsmetodernas miljö- och klimatpåverkan. I värderingssteget i SAMLA bedöms åtgärdsalternativens påverkan i jämförelse med nollalternativet. En bedömning gjordes av respektive åtgärdsalternativ och korrigering av förhållandet mellan metoderna utfördes genom att samma procentuella förhållande som beräknats fram för miljöbelastningen respektive klimatpåverkan beräknades för värderingspoängen. Med stöd av livscykelanalyser samt riskvärdering bör efterbehandlingsmetoden stimulerad anaerob reduktiv deklorering väljas för Finspångs centraltvätt.

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  • 124.
    Blanc, Rebecka
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Sportfiskares slitage på Mörrumsåns stränder och konsekvenser för Tjockskalig målarmussla: - kan spänger skydda från erosion2014Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Mörrumsån har de förutsättningar som krävs för att Tjockskalig målarmussla (Unio crassus) skall kunna leva och föröka sig, men detta sker inte i samma utsträckning som tidigare. Ett samband mellan vattnets riktning söderut mot utloppet till Östersjön och minskad föryngring av Tjockskalig målarmusslas inventerade bestånd i Mörrumsån finns. Föryngringen uteblir samtidigt som man hittat fler döda musslor ju närmre åmynningen man kommer. Orsakerna till detta kan vara flera då denna mussla är beroende av specifika förhållanden under flera faser i sin utveckling och fortplantning. Ett av hoten är grumling av bottnar. Grumling kan bero på att sträckor utmed Mörrumsåns sluttningar och stränder beträds frekvent av besökare. Vegetation slits bort längs med stigar och vandringsleder vilket leder till erosion av stränder och sluttningar. Organiskt och oorganiskt material av olika storlekar följer med åns vatten i strömriktningen och sedimenterar. En grupp som oftast använder stränderna är sportfiskare och de sliter mer på vegetation och stränder i perioder då fisket är intensivt. En av de mer intensiva perioderna är vid premiären av laxfisket på våren. Under denna tid syns ett bibehållet slitage på vissa sträckor vid ån samt även utökat slitage i form av bredare stigar och även parallella stigar på andra sträckor. De platser som uppvisade att erosion ägde rum innan fiskepremiären hade eroderat mer vid utvärdering två veckor efter premiären. Man skulle kunna skydda vegetation genom att anlägga spänger längs med känsliga och utsatta stigar och stränder. Detta skulle dock inte förhindra den erosion som sker längs med stränder där sportfiskare kliver i och ur ån samt går längs med stranden under fiskeaktiviteten. Det är svårt att förutspå var en fiskare tänker stå och därför kan det inte uteslutas att en fiskare väljer att stå på någon annan plats än den som man byggt en spång på. Spångbygge kan kombineras med information om syftet och att det finns skyddsvärda starkt hotade arter som Tjockskalig målarmussla vilka utsätts för färre risker om man använder spänger, stigar och rekommenderade platser

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  • 125.
    Blom, Linda
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Invasiva främmande arter: En undersökning i Värmlands län2021Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Invasiva främmande arter är ett av de största hoten mot biologisk mångfald samt att de medför stora ekonomiska kostnader. Kommunerna spelar en viktig roll gällande tillsyn och bekämpning av invasiva främmande arter då de ofta är fastighetsägare och ansvarar för stora arealer. Med ett varmare klimat kan många arter som varit ett problem i varmare länder och i södra delarna av Sverige bli ett problem även på nordligare breddgrader. Det kan därför vara viktigt att kommunerna har ett väl fungerande arbete med etablerade arter och en beredskapsplan mot de arter som kan komma att bli ett problem i framtiden. 

    Syftet med denna studie var att identifiera vilka invasiva främmande arter som förekom i Värmlands län, samt vilka potentiella problemarter som skulle kunna etablera sig med ett förändrat klimat. Studiens avsikt var även att undersöka kommunernas arbete med de invasiva främmande arter som var etablerade på kommunal mark samt identifiera hinder för agerande mot dessa.

    För kartläggning av artförekomst i Värmland användes data från SLU ArtDatabankens Artportal. För att undersöka vilka arter som kunde bli ett problem i Värmland med ett varmare klimat användes också Artportalen för att identifiera artförekomst i de södra delarna av Sverige (Skåne). Data mellan åren 2016–2021 analyserades och visualiserades i kartor. Värmlands arbete med arterna undersöktes genom en semistrukturerad intervju med naturvårdshandläggare på länsstyrelsen samt att enkäter sändes ut till samtliga kommuner.  

    Resultatet visade att av de arter som var med på EU:s förordning fanns förekomster av sex arter i Värmland. Utöver arterna på förordningen fanns andra problemarter som även dessa räknades som invasiva. Enligt data i artportalen hade Skåne, som historiskt sett haft en varmare medeltemperatur, en större förekomst av invasiva arter. Ett varmare klimat skulle kunna gynna etablering av dessa arter även i Värmland, dessutom skulle spridningsintervallen på redan etablerade arter kunna öka.  Merparten av kommunerna hade dock inget förebyggande arbete mot potentiella problemarter. Undersökningen gav intrycket att arbetet är på uppgång men att det fortfarande fanns en utvecklingspotential. Det fanns ett behov för samverkan mellan kommunerna och tydligare och frekvent information till allmänheten. Det fanns även ett behov för fler resurser.

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  • 126.
    Bollmann, Ulla E.
    et al.
    Aarhus University, Denmark.
    Petersen, Camilla Tang
    Technical University of Denmark, Denmark.
    Eriksson, Eva
    Technical University of Denmark, Denmark.
    Jönsson, Karin
    Lund University.
    Vollertsen, Jes
    Aalborg University, Denmark.
    Bester, Kai
    Aarhus University, Denmark.
    Biocides in urban wastewater treatment plant influent at dry and wet weather: concentrations, mass flows and possible sources2014Ingår i: Water Research, ISSN 0043-1354, E-ISSN 1879-2448, Vol. 60, s. 64-74Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    In recent years, exterior thermal insulation systems became more and more important leading to an increasing amount of houses equipped with biocide-containing organic façade coatings or fungicide treated wood. It is known that these biocides, e.g. terbutryn, carbendazim, and diuron, as well as wood preservatives as propiconazole, leach out of the material through contact with wind driven rain. Hence, they are present in combined sewage during rain events in concentrations up to several hundred ng L(-1). The present study focused on the occurrence of these biocides in five wastewater treatment plants in Denmark and Sweden during dry and wet weather. It was discovered, that biocides are detectable not only during wet weather but also during dry weather when leaching from façade coatings can be excluded as source. In most cases, the concentrations during dry weather were in the same range as during wet weather (up to 100 ng L(-1)); however, for propiconazole noteworthy high concentrations were detected in one catchment (4.5 μg L(-1)). Time resolved sampling (12 × 2 h) enabled assessments about possible sources. The highest mass loads during wet weather were detected when the rain was heaviest (e.g. up to 116 mg h(-1) carbendazim or 73 mg h(-1) mecoprop) supporting the hypothesis that the biocides were washed off by wind driven rain. Contrary, the biocide emissions during dry weather were rather related to household activities than with emissions from buildings, i.e., emissions were highest during morning and evening hours (up to 50 mg h(-1)). Emissions during night were significantly lower than during daytime. Only for propiconazole a different emission behaviour during dry weather was observed: the mass load peaked in the late afternoon (3 g h(-1)) and declined slowly afterwards. Most likely this emission was caused by a point source, possibly from inappropriate cleaning of spray equipment for agriculture or gardening.

  • 127. Boman, Anton
    et al.
    Åström, Mats
    Högskolan i Kalmar, Naturvetenskapliga institutionen.
    Fröjdö, Sören
    Sulfur dynamics in boreal acid sulphate soils rich in metastable iron sulfide – The role of artificial drainage2008Ingår i: Chemical Geology, ISSN 0009-2541, E-ISSN 1872-6836, Vol. 255, nr 1-2, s. 68-77Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The sulfur dynamics of boreal brackish-water sediments rich in metastable iron sulfide (average elemental composition of FeS1.1), which upon oxidation have a huge impact on stream-water chemistry, were studied. Two cores, extending from the upper oxidized layer (acid sulfate soil) into the underlying iron sulfide-bearing sediment (potential acid sulfate soil) were collected at a site close to the sea level and at another site about 40 m above the latter in a region of current isostatic land uplift (Finland). The data clearly show, in contrast to what is often argued, that these notorious acidic soils are formed not as a result of the natural uplift but because of extensive ditching of farmlands. Above the depth of artificial drainage, S and Ni are abundantly lost, while beneath that level pyrite is abundant and metastable iron sulfide is increasing with depth, and the Ni concentration is relatively stable. In the narrow zone between the reduced and oxidized layers, the processes are dynamic and result in preservation of elemental S at one of the locations. The sulfur isotopic composition for metastable iron sulfide and pyrite in the investigated acid sulfate soils were found to be distinctly bimodal and roughly corresponding to a similar distribution in stream-water sulfate earlier reported from the same region. This indicates that pyrite is the main source of sulfate and acidity in some affected drains, while in others it is metastable iron sulfide.

  • 128. Bonanni, L
    et al.
    Ebner, Hannes
    Hockenberry, M
    Sayan, B
    Brandt, Nils
    Csikszentmihàlyi, N
    Ishii, H
    Turpeinen, Marko
    Young, S
    Zapico, Jorge Luis
    KTH Royal Institute of Technology.
    Sourcemap. org: First Application of Linked and Open LCA Data to Support Sustainability2011Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
  • 129.
    Bragée, P.
    et al.
    Lund University.
    Mazier, F.
    Jean Jaures University, France.
    Nielsen, Anne Birgitte
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM). Lund University.
    Rosén, P.
    Umeå University.
    Fredh, D.
    Lund University.
    Broström, A.
    Lund University.
    Granéli, W.
    Lund University.
    Hammarlund, D.
    Lund University.
    Historical TOC concentration minima during peak sulfur deposition in two Swedish lakes2015Ingår i: Biogeosciences, ISSN 1726-4170, E-ISSN 1726-4189, Vol. 12, nr 2, s. 307-322Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Decadal-scale variations in total organic carbon (TOC) concentration in lake water since AD1200 in two small lakes in southern Sweden were reconstructed based on visible-near-infrared spectroscopy (VNIRS) of their recent sediment successions. In order to assess the impacts of local land-use changes, regional variations in sulfur, and nitrogen deposition and climate variations on the inferred changes in TOC concentration, the same sediment records were subjected to multi-proxy palaeolimnological analyses. Changes in lake-water pH were inferred from diatom analysis, whereas pollen-based land-use reconstructions (Landscape Reconstruction Algorithm) together with geochemical records provided information on catchment-scale environmental changes, and comparisons were made with available records of climate and population density. Our long-term reconstructions reveal that inferred lake-water TOC concentrations were generally high prior to AD1900, with additional variability coupled mainly to changes in forest cover and agricultural land-use intensity. The last century showed significant changes, and unusually low TOC concentrations were inferred at AD1930-1990, followed by a recent increase, largely consistent with monitoring data. Variations in sulfur emissions, with an increase in the early 1900s to a peak around AD1980 and a subsequent decrease, were identified as an important driver of these dynamics at both sites, while processes related to the introduction of modern forestry and recent increases in precipitation and temperature may have contributed, but the effects differed between the sites. The increase in lake-water TOC concentration from around AD1980 may therefore reflect a recovery process. Given that the effects of sulfur deposition now subside and that the recovery of lake-water TOC concentrations has reached pre-industrial levels, other forcing mechanisms related to land management and climate change may become the main drivers of TOC concentration changes in boreal lake waters in the future.

  • 130.
    Brandmaier, Stefan
    et al.
    German Research Center for Environmental Health, Germany.
    Peijnenburg, Willie
    National Institute for Public Health and the Environment - RIVM, The Netherlands ; Leiden University, The Netherlands.
    Durjava, Mojca K.
    National Institute of Health Environment and Food, Slovenia.
    Kolar, Boris
    National Institute of Health Environment and Food, Slovenia.
    Gramatica, Paola
    University of Insubria, Italy.
    Papa, Ester
    University of Insubria, Italy.
    Bhhatarai, Barun
    University of Insubria, Italy.
    Kovarich, Simona
    University of Insubria, Italy.
    Cassani, Stefano
    University of Insubria, Italy.
    Roy, Partha Pratim
    University of Insubria, Italy.
    Rahmberg, Magnus
    IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute.
    Öberg, Tomas
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Jeliazkova, Nina
    Golsteijn, Laura
    Comber, Mike
    Charochkina, Larisa
    Novotarskyi, Sergii
    Sushko, Iurii
    Abdelaziz, Ahmed
    D’Onofrio, Elisa
    Kunwar, Prakash
    Ruggiu, Fiorella
    Tetko, Igor V.
    The QSPR-THESAURUS: The Online Platform of the CADASTER Project2014Ingår i: ATLA (Alternatives to Laboratory Animals), ISSN 0261-1929, Vol. 42, nr 1, s. 13-24Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the CADASTER project (CAse Studies on the Development and Application of in Silico Techniques for Environmental Hazard and Risk Assessment) was to exemplify REACH-related hazard assessments for four classes of chemical compound, namely, polybrominated diphenylethers, per and polyfluorinated compounds, (benzo)triazoles, and musks and fragrances. The QSPR-THESAURUS website (http: / /qspr-thesaurus.eu) was established as the project's online platform to upload, store, apply, and also create, models within the project. We overview the main features of the website, such as model upload, experimental design and hazard assessment to support risk assessment, and integration with other web tools, all of which are essential parts of the QSPR-THESAURUS.

  • 131.
    Brandmaier, Stefan
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakultetsnämnden för naturvetenskap och teknik, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, NV.
    Sahlin, Ullrika
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakultetsnämnden för naturvetenskap och teknik, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, NV.
    Tetko, Igor
    Öberg, Tomas
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakultetsnämnden för naturvetenskap och teknik, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, NV.
    PLS-Optimal: A stepwise D-Optimal design based on latent variables2012Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, ISSN 1549-9596, Vol. 52, nr 4, s. 975-983Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Several applications, such as risk assessment within REACH or drug discovery, require reliable methods for the design of experiments and efficient testing strategies. Keeping the number of experiments as low as possible is important from both a financial and an ethical point of view, as exhaustive testing of compounds requires significant financial resources and animal lives. With a large initial set of compounds, experimental design techniques can be used to select a representative subset for testing. Once measured, these compounds can be used to develop quantitative structure–activity relationship models to predict properties of the remaining compounds. This reduces the required resources and time. D-Optimal design is frequently used to select an optimal set of compounds by analyzing data variance. We developed a new sequential approach to apply a D-Optimal design to latent variables derived from a partial least squares (PLS) model instead of principal components. The stepwise procedure selects a new set of molecules to be measured after each previous measurement cycle. We show that application of the D-Optimal selection generates models with a significantly improved performance on four different data sets with end points relevant for REACH. Compared to those derived from principal components, PLS models derived from the selection on latent variables had a lower root-mean-square error and a higher Q2 and R2. This improvement is statistically significant, especially for the small number of compounds selected.

  • 132. Brandmaier, Stefan
    et al.
    Sahlin, Ullrika
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakultetsnämnden för naturvetenskap och teknik, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, NV.
    Öberg, Tomas
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakultetsnämnden för naturvetenskap och teknik, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, NV.
    Tetko, Igor
    Stepwise D-Optimal design based on latent variables2011Ingår i: Posterpresentation vid SETAC Europe 21st Annual Meeting i Milano, 17-19 maj, 2011., 2011Konferensbidrag (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 133.
    Brandmaier, Stefan
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakultetsnämnden för naturvetenskap och teknik, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, NV.
    Tetko, Igor
    Öberg, Tomas
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakultetsnämnden för naturvetenskap och teknik, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, NV.
    An evaluation of experimental design in QSAR modelling utilizing the k-medoid clustering2012Ingår i: Journal of Chemometrics, ISSN 0886-9383, E-ISSN 1099-128X, Vol. 26, nr 10, s. 509-517Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    A reliable selection of a representative subset of chemical compounds has been reported to be crucial for numeroustasks in computational chemistry and chemoinformatics. We investigated the usability of an approach on the basisof the k-medoid algorithm for this task and in particular for experimental design and the split between training andvalidation set. We therefore compared the performance of models derived from such a selection to that of modelsderived using several other approaches, such as space-filling design and D-optimal design. We validated the performance on four datasets with different endpoints, representing toxicity, physicochemical properties and others.Compared with the models derived from the compounds selected by the other examined approaches, those derivedwith the k-medoid selection show a high reliability for experimental design, as their performance was constantlyamong the best for all examined datasets. Of all the models derived with all examined approaches, those derivedwith the k-medoid approach were the only ones that showed a significantly improved performance compared witha random selection, for all datasets, the whole examined range of selected compounds and for each dimensionalityof the search space.

  • 134.
    Bravo, Giangiacomo
    Università di Brescia, Italy.
    Alle radici dello sviluppo insostenibile: Un’analisi degli effetti ambientali di società,istituzioni ed economia2009 (uppl. 1)Bok (Refereegranskat)
  • 135.
    Bravo, Giangiacomo
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för samhällsvetenskap (FSV), Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS).
    The Human Sustainable Development Index2018Ingår i: Routledge Handbook of Sustainability Indicators / [ed] Simon Bell and Stephen Morse, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2018, s. 284-293Kapitel i bok, del av antologi (Refereegranskat)
  • 136.
    Bravo, Giangiacomo
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för samhällsvetenskap (FSV), Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS). Coll Carlo Alberto, Turin, Italy.
    The Human Sustainable Development Index: New calculations and a first critical analysis2014Ingår i: Ecological Indicators, ISSN 1470-160X, E-ISSN 1872-7034, Vol. 37, s. 145-150Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The Human Sustainable Development Index (HSDI) has been proposed as a way to amend the United Nations’ Human Development Index (HDI) by adding an environmental dimension. Despite some attention in the media, the HSDI remained largely ignored by the scientific community. This paper aims at overcoming this issue by presenting an updated version of the index, based on recently available UN data, including a complete description of the procedure leading to its calculation and a critical assessment of its relation with some established environmental indicators. We found that, while the HSDI represents a step ahead from the HDI, it remains insufficient in its representation of environmental sustainability. A better equilibrium between social, economic and environmental goals is needed to reach a true index of sustainable development.

  • 137.
    Bravo, Giangiacomo
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för samhällsvetenskap (FSV), Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS).
    The human sustainable development index: The 2014 update2015Ingår i: Ecological Indicators, ISSN 1470-160X, E-ISSN 1872-7034, Vol. 50, s. 258-259Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 138.
    Bravo, Giangiacomo
    et al.
    University of Turin, Italy ; Collegio Carlo Alberto, Italy.
    Tamburino, Lucia
    University of Padua, Italy.
    Are two resources really better than one?: Some unexpected results of the availability of substitutes2011Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Management, ISSN 0301-4797, E-ISSN 1095-8630, Vol. 92, nr 11, s. 2865-2874Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The possibility of exploiting multiple resources is usually regarded as positive from both the economic and the environmental point of view. However, resource switching may also lead to unsustainable growth and, ultimately, to an equilibrium condition which is worse than the one that could have been achieved with a single resource. We developed a dynamic model where users exploit multiple resources and have different levels of preference among them. In this setting, exploiting multiple resources leads to worse outcomes in both economic and ecological terms than the single resource case under a wide range of parameter configurations. Our arguments are illustrated using two empirical situations, namely oil drilling in the North Sea and whale hunting in the Antarctic.

  • 139.
    Bravo, Giangiacomo
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för samhällsvetenskap (FSV), Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS). Coll Carlo Alberto, I-10024 Moncalieri, Italy.
    Vallino, Elena
    University of Torino, Italy.
    Cerutti, Alessandro K.
    University of Torino, Italy.
    Pairotti, Maria Beatrice
    University of Torino, Italy.
    Alternative scenarios of green consumption in Italy: An empirically grounded model2013Ingår i: Environmental Modelling & Software, ISSN 1364-8152, E-ISSN 1873-6726, Vol. 47, s. 225-234Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Any transition towards a more environmentally sustainable world will strongly depend on people’swillingness to adopt the best available practices. We present here the Consumption Italy (CITA) model, anempirically grounded agent-based model designed to represent household consumption in Italy and toestimate the related greenhouse gas emissions under different environmental policy scenarios. Weexplored the effect of a price increase for high impact goods and services (e.g., because of the intro-duction carbon taxes) and of a change of agents’ environmental concern (e.g., because of informationcampaigns). We found that both kind of actions can orient people consumption in the desired direction.However, their target and intensity should be carefully calibrated to produce significant effects at anacceptable cost.

  • 140.
    Brun, Christian
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakultetsnämnden för naturvetenskap och teknik, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, NV.
    Peltola, Pasi
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakultetsnämnden för naturvetenskap och teknik, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, NV.
    Åström, Mats E.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakultetsnämnden för naturvetenskap och teknik, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, NV.
    Johansson, Maj-Britt
    Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.
    Spatial distribution of major, trace and ultra trace elements in three Norway spruce (Picea abies) stands in boreal forests, Forsmark, Sweden2010Ingår i: Geoderma, ISSN 0016-7061, E-ISSN 1872-6259, Vol. 159, nr 3-4, s. 252-261Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The spatial distribution of 49 major, trace and ultra trace elements within a Norway spruce system was examined in three sites within the Forsmark area in central Sweden. The system included stemwood, roots, fresh green shoots, litterbags, humus, mineral soil, rhizosphere soil and moss. Based on Principal Component Analysis and manual plots the elements were grouped according to their distribution within the different compartments. One large group of elements occurring abundantly in the soil, and in much lower concentrations in the biota and litter was distinguished, containing mainly elements typically associated with soil minerals. A similar pattern was found for a second group of elements, but with higher concentrations in the biological samples and/or litter. In contrast, there was also one group of elements with high concentrations in biological samples and/or litter and low content in soil. This was mainly nutrients, but also the highly toxic Cd, Hg and Sb. This study is part of the site investigation programme, carried out by the Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company (SKB), in order to locate a suitable area for a deep repository for nuclear fuel waste.

  • 141. Brunold, S.
    et al.
    Carlsson, Bo
    Högskolan i Kalmar, Naturvetenskapliga institutionen.
    Möller, K.
    Measurements of environmental stress conditions and evaluation for service life prediction2004Ingår i: Performance and durability assessment: optical materials for solar thermal systems / [ed] Michael Köhl, B. Carlsson, G. J. Jorgensen,and A. W. Czanderna, Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2004, 1, s. 101-110Kapitel i bok, del av antologi (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 142. Brunold, S
    et al.
    Köhl, M
    Möller, K
    Carlsson, Bo
    Högskolan i Kalmar, Naturvetenskapliga institutionen.
    Accelerated indoor testing2004Ingår i: Performance and durability assessment: optical materials for solar thermal systems / [ed] Michael Köhl, B. Carlsson, G. J. Jorgensen,and A. W. Czanderna, Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2004, 1, s. 175-196Kapitel i bok, del av antologi (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 143.
    Bröms, Elena
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Orsaker till Vattenaloes (Stratiotes aloides L.) omfattande utbredning i Limsjön, Leksand, Dalarna2019Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Detta arbete handlar om Limsjön belägen i Leksands kommun, Dalarnas län. Limsjön är en del av Österdalälven som ligger i östra delen av kommunen. Området är en våtmark och omfattar cirka 95 hektar varav 25 hektar utgörs av sjön. Det är en betydelsefull fågelsjö, Natura-2000 och ett rekreationsområde. Sedan 2006 håller sjön på att växa igen till följd av etableringen av den flytande akvatiska makrofyten Vattenaloe (Stratiotes aloides L.). Stratiotes aloides L. har utvecklat en tät vegetationsmatta med cirka 80 000 000 individer (2017) som har ockuperat cirka 20 hektar av våtmarken. Om utbredningen fortgår kommer fåglar, vattenlevande organismer och ursprungsvegetationen i området att drabbas hårt. Denna invasion orsakar bland annat utarmning av en mycket sällsynt kransalg Höstlike (Nitella syncarpa).  Dessutom kommer fosfor (P) som är lagrad i våtmarkens sediment att frisättas och rinna ut i Österdalälven. Studien tyder på att de hydrokemiska förhållandena som råder i Limsjön är ytterst gynnsamma för denna art. Limsjön är en igenväxande, naturligt grund, väl uppvärmd, näringsrik sjö med ett långsamt vattenflöde, med en klar lutning i tillrinningsområdet och en lång uppehållstid.  Alla dessa faktorer tillsammans med insläpp av dräneringsytvatten bidrar till Limsjöns eutrofiering eller övergödning och följaktligen till ökningen av Stratiotes aloides L. individantal.

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  • 144.
    Bunse, Carina
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Bacterioplankton in the light of seasonality and environmental drivers2017Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    Bacterioplankton are keystone organisms in marine ecosystems. They are important for element cycles, by transforming dissolved organic carbon and other nutrients. Bacterioplankton community composition and productivity rates change in surface waters over spatial and temporal scales. Yet, many underlying biological processes determining when, why and how bacterioplankton react to changes in environmental conditions are poorly understood. Here, I used experiments with model bacteria and natural assemblages as well as field studies to determine molecular, physiological and ecological responses allowing marine bacteria to adapt to their environment.

    Experiments with the flavobacterium Dokdonia sp. MED134 aimed to determine how the metabolism of bacteria is influenced by light and different organic matter. Under light exposure, Dokdonia sp. MED134 expressed proteorhodopsin and adjusted its metabolism to use resources more efficiently when growing with lower-quality organic matter. Similar expression patterns were found in oceanic datasets, implying a global importance of photoheterotrophic metabolisms for the ecology of bacterioplankton.

    Further, I investigated how the composition and physiology of bacterial assemblages are affected by elevated CO2 concentrations and inorganic nutrients. In a large-scale experiment, bacterioplankton could keep productivity and community structure unaltered by adapting the gene expression under CO2 stress. To maintain pH homeostasis, bacteria induced higher expression of genes related to respiration, membrane transport and light acquisition under low-nutrient conditions. Under high-nutrient conditions with phytoplankton blooms, such regulatory mechanisms were not necessary. These findings indicate that open ocean systems are more vulnerable to ocean acidification than coastal waters.

    Lastly, I used field studies to resolve how bacterioplankton is influenced by environmental changes, and how this leads to seasonal succession of marine bacteria. Using high frequency sampling over three years, we uncovered notable variability both between and within years in several biological features that rapidly changed over short time scales. These included potential phytoplankton-bacteria linkages, substrate uptake rates, and shifts in bacterial community structure. Thus, high resolution time series can provide important insights into the mechanisms controlling microbial communities.

    Overall, this thesis highlights the advantages of combining molecular and traditional oceanographic methodological approaches to study ecosystems at high resolution for improving our understanding of the physiology and ecology of microbial communities and, ultimately, how they influence biogeochemical processes.

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  • 145.
    Bunse, Carina
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Lundin, Daniel
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Lindh, Markus V.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM). Lund University.
    Sjöstedt, Johanna
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Israelsson, Stina
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Martínez-García, Sandra
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM). Universidade de Vigo, Spain.
    Baltar, Federico
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM). University of Otago, New Zealand.
    Muthusamy, Sarala Devi
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Pontiller, Benjamin
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Karlsson, Christofer M. G.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Legrand, Catherine
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Pinhassi, Jarone
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Seasonality and co-occurrences of free-living Baltic Sea bacterioplanktonManuskript (preprint) (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 146.
    Burlakovs, J.
    et al.
    University of Latvia, Latvia.
    Vincevica-Gaile, Z.
    University of Latvia, Latvia.
    Bisters, V.
    University of Latvia, Latvia.
    Hogland, William
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Kriipsalu, M.
    Estonian University of Life Sciences, Estonia.
    Zekker, I.
    Tartu University, Estonia.
    Setyobudi, R. H.
    University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Indonesia.
    Jani, Y.
    Malmö University, Sweden.
    Anne, O.
    Klaipeda University, Lithuania.
    Application of anaerobic digestion for biogas and methane production from fresh beach-cast biomass2022Ingår i: 3rd EAGE Global Energy Transition, GET 2022, European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers, EAGE , 2022, s. 61-65Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    In this research, biogas production potential from beach wrack collected in Riga Gulf (Ragaciems, Jaunķemeri, Bigauņciems) and in coastline of Sweden (Kalmar) was studied using an anaerobic digestion method. Selected beach wrack masses laying ashore and containing macroalgal biomass of common macroalgae types specific to the Baltic Sea were mixed for consolidated samples. Anoxic fermentation of untreated beach wrack was carried out in 16 bioreactors applying a single filling mode at 38 °C. The study revealed that by utilizing beach wrack accumulated ashore as a feedstock for anaerobic digestion methane can be utilized if pretreatment and conditioning of the samples are performed. The study was continued for selected brown algae containing biomass tested with three dewatering pretreatment methods: a) keeping in tap water for 24 hours; b) washing with running fresh water for one hour, and c) drying to relatively constant weight. The resulting methane outcome was compared with the data corresponding to raw brown algae. The study confirmed that washing of macroalgal biomass applied as pretreatment prior to anaerobic fermentation avoids inhibition of salts and promotes biomethane production.

  • 147.
    Burlakovs, Juris
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Ferrans, Laura
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Krumins, Janis
    University of Latvia, Latvia.
    Jani, Yahya
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Hogland, William
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Klavins, Maris
    University of Latvia, Latvia.
    Fluorescence Spectroscopy – Applied Tool for Organic Matter Analysis2019Ingår i: Goldschmidt Abstracts, 2019, 2019Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Large applied projects in various sub-fields of environmental science studied and analyzed properties of organic matter. The “Life-Sure” is as continuation of started work for cost effective bottom sediments treatment where organic matter play important role of sorption of urban contaminants; “CONTRA” - beach wrack studies for advanced value-based bioeconomy development. Another project on Jurassic clay is interesting in discourse on Pleistocene glaciers glaciodynamics. Material from field was tested by 3D fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) providing “fingerprints” for a single compound or a mixture of fluorescent components. Thus humic macromolecules might be well seen nevertheless structural units have variable effects on the wavelength as well as intensity of fluorescence. It decreases with increasing molecular size of the humic macromolecule. For applied environmental projects this is well non-destructive tool to quantify the decomposition degree of organic matter requiring negligible amount of sample. This important method is valid for both organic matter and humic substances analytics. Chemical nature of humic substances can be correlated to structural information, e.g., functional groups, poly-condensation, aromaticity, dynamic properties related to intermolecular interactions. Acquired data from EEM provided significant input for scientific knowledge and innovation along with other analytical tools. 

  • 148.
    Burlakovs, Juris
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM). Estonia university of life sciences, Estonia.
    Hogland, William
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM). Linnéuniversitetet, Kunskapsmiljöer Linné, Vatten.
    Vincevica-Gaile, Zane
    University of Latvia, Latvia.
    Kriipsalu, Mait
    Estonia university of life sciences, Estonia;University of Latvia, Latvia.
    Klavins, Maris
    University of Latvia, Latvia.
    Jani, Yahya
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Setyobudi, Roy Hendroko
    university of Muhammadiyah Malang, Indonesia.
    Bikše, Jānis
    University of Latvia, Latvia.
    Rud, Vasiliy
    Russian Agricultural Academy, Russia.
    Tamm, Toomas
    Estonia university of life sciences, Estonia.
    Environmental Quality of Groundwater in Contaminated Areas—Challenges in Eastern Baltic Region2020Ingår i: Water Resources Quality and Management in Baltic Sea Countries / [ed] Abdelazim M. Negm, Martina Zelenáková & Katarzyna Kubiak-Wójcicka, Switzerland: Springer, 2020, s. 59-84Kapitel i bok, del av antologi (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The lack of water in the future will force society to find more sophisticated solutions for treatment and improvement of groundwater wherever it comes from. Contamination of soil and groundwater is a legacy of modern society, prevention of contaminants spread and secondary water reuse options shall be considered. The aim of the book chapter is to give oversight view on problems and challenges linked to groundwater quality in Eastern Baltic region whilst through case studies explaining the practical problems with groundwater monitoring, remediation and overall environmental quality analysis. The reader will get introduced with case studies in industry levels as credibility of scientific fundamentals is higher when practical solutions are shown. Eastern Baltic countries experience cover contamination problems that are mainly of historic origin due to former Soviet military and industrial policy implementation through decades. Short summaries for each case study are given and main conclusions provided in form of recommendations at the very end of the chapter.

  • 149.
    Burlakovs, Juris
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM). Geo IT Ltd, Latvia.
    Jani, Yahya
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Kriipsalu, M.
    Estonian Univ Life Sci, Estonia.
    Grinfelde, I.
    Latvia Univ Life Sci & Technol, Latvia.
    Pilecka, J.
    Latvia Univ Life Sci & Technol, Latvia.
    Hogland, William
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM). Linnéuniversitetet, Kunskapsmiljöer Linné, Vatten.
    Implementation of new concepts in waste management in tourist metropolitan areas2020Ingår i: 2019 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING (ICESE 2019) / [ed] Sevilla, NPM Quanrud, D, IOP Publishing , 2020, s. 1-10, artikel-id 012017Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The urban waste in tourist cities needs comprehensive global research efforts and proceeded action as for metropolitan areas huge impact and load on waste management is generated. Waste management and resource conservation strategies are prepared in state-of-the-art level however implementation and future improvement of the current situation is crucial. Some examples in waste prevention and management for better tourism, waste and resource management are provided in the paper as outcomes from Horizon2020 project "Urban Strategies for Waste Management in Tourist Cities". The policy and tools based on information gathered by scientists, municipal and NGOs experience (e.g. separation of bio-waste in catering industries, "sin-wastes" as from the bars, nightclubs and smoker places, reuse of unnecessary items that can serve for others and many more) are described. In addition, regulatory instruments (e.g. ban of plastic bags, reduction of allowed bio-waste in landfilling), economic instruments (taxes) and voluntary agreements (e.g. deposit systems; cleaning actions by volunteers) might be used to implement and elaborate the situation within environmental management and prevention practices in tourist metropolitan cities. Food waste prevention, beach and littoral management, special practices for festival waste and large amount specific waste generating facilities (e.g., entertainment industry, cruises etc.) are of high importance. The future outlook may be concentrated on digitalizing of waste flows and using the "big data" concept for better and smarter waste management.

  • 150.
    Burlakovs, Juris
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Jani, Yahya
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Kriipsalu, Mait
    Estonian Univ Life Sci, Estonia.
    Vincevica-Gaile, Zane
    Univ Latvia, Latvia.
    Kaczala, Fabio
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Celma, Gunita
    Univ Latvia, Latvia.
    Ozola, Ruta
    Univ Latvia, Latvia.
    Rozina, Laine
    Univ Latvia, Latvia.
    Rudovica, Vita
    Univ Latvia, Latvia.
    Hogland, Marika
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Viksna, Arturs
    Univ Latvia, Latvia.
    Pehme, Kaur-Mikk
    Estonian Univ Life Sci, Estonia.
    Hogland, William
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM).
    Klavins, Maris
    Univ Latvia, Latvia.
    On the way to 'zero waste' management: Recovery potential of elements, including rare earth elements, from fine fraction of waste2018Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production, ISSN 0959-6526, E-ISSN 1879-1786, Vol. 186, s. 81-90Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Existing schemes of solid waste handling have been improved implementing advanced systems for recovery and reuse of various materials. Nowadays, the 'zero waste' concept is becoming more topical through the reduction of disposed waste. Recovery of metals, nutrients and other materials that can be returned to the material cycles still remain as a challenge for future. Landfill mining (LFM) is one of the approaches that can deal with former dumpsites, and derived materials may become important for circular economy within the concept 'beyond the zero waste'. Perspectives of material recovery can include recycling of critical industrial metals, including rare earth elements (REEs). The LFM projects performed in the Baltic Region along with a conventional source separation of iron-scrap, plastics etc. have shown that the potential of fine-grained fractions (including clay and colloidal matter) of excavated waste have considerably large amounts of potentially valuable metals and distinct REEs. In this paper analytical screening studies are discussed extending the understanding of element content in fine fraction of waste derived from excavated, separated and screened waste in a perspective of circular economy. Technological feasibility was evaluated by using modified sequential extraction technique where easy extractable amount of metals can be estimated. Results revealed that considerable concentrations of Mn (418-823 mg/kg), Ni (41-84 mg/kg), Co (10.7-19.3 mg/kg) and Cd (1.0-3.0 mg/kg) were detected in fine fraction (<10 mm) of waste sampled from Hogbytorp landfill, while Cr (49-518 mg/kg) and Pb (30-264 mg/kg) were found in fine fraction (<10 mm) of waste from Torma landfill revealing wide heterogeneity of tested samples. Waste should become a utilizable resource closing the loop of anthropogenic material cycle as the hidden potential of valuable materials in dumps is considerable. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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