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  • 1.
    Aarnio, Jenny
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Erlandsson, Ida
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Kalmar - ett platsvarumärke i skuggan av Öland och Glasriket: En studie om destinationsutveckling2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Turismen i Kalmar har ökat de senaste åren, men hamnar till synes i skymundan av Öland och Glasriket. Hur får man besökare att få upp ögonen för Kalmar som primära resmålet och hur får man dem att stanna? Vi har i denna uppsats intresserat oss för att ta reda på hur ett starkt platsvarumärke skapas och vad som således krävs för att bli en framgångsrik destination, samt hur man kan använda sig av platsmarknadsföring för att nå ut med platsvarumärket till potentiella målgrupper.

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  • 2.
    Abdillahi, Mohammed
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Ghayoomi, Khaled
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Anpassning av belöningssystem under konjunkturnedgångar: – En kvalitativ studie av Länsförsäkringar, Kalmar Bilcentrum AB, Goexcellent och Swedbank2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

     

    Bakgrund: I de flesta företag och organisationer finns det idag någon form av belöningssystem som har till syfte att motivera anställda till att prestera goda resultat men också att göra företaget till en både framgångsrik och attraktiv arbetsgivare. Belöningar kan vara av olika slag, materiella, immateriella, individuella, kollektiva, omedelbara eller långsiktiga. Företag och marknaders förutsättningar kan ändras under konjunkturnedgångar vilket påverkar företagens målsättningar och strategier.

    Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att analysera hur företag anpassar sitt belöningssystem för att motivera sina anställda under konjunkturnedgångar.

    Metod: Studie är genomförd med kvalitativ forskningsmetod med en induktiv forskningsansats. Studien har genomförts av en semi–strukturerad intervjumetod då vi intervjuade fyra chefer från fyra olika företag.

    Slutsats: företagen väljer sitt belöningssystem av strategiskt syfte för att påverka relationen mellan företag och anställda. Vi kan även se att våra respondenter lägger stor tyngd på icke monetära belöningar för att ge anställda en inre belöning. Studien visar att tre av fyra företag som vi har studerat har blivit berörda av konjunkturnedgången vad gäller personalens motivationsnivå. Följden utav detta visar att två av dessa företag dessutom har anpassat sitt belöningssystem efter konjunkturläget.

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  • 3.
    Abdul Majed, Mojeb
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics. Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Management Accounting and Logistics.
    Neemeh Attaalla, Marc
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics. Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Management Accounting and Logistics.
    Verksamhetsstyrning i cirkulära företag: En kvalitativ intervjustudie om vad, hur och varför2022Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Circular economy is a topic that has received increasing attention amongcompanies and organizations in order to increase sustainability and counteract lack ofresources. The circular economy has no definition that is widely accepted even though it iswidely used around the world. However, there is something in common between the differentdefinitions, which is that the circular economy flows like a cycle where the products andresources do not lose value and are discarded just as quickly. The concept can be seen as animproved waste management and a business model that offers a sustainable economy.Previous studies show many different definitions of the term. At company level, it is thus stillunclear what is considered circular economy. Businesses that work with circular economyneed to adapt their financial management according to previous studies. How circularcompanies manage their operations is a topic that has not yet been investigated. Previousstudies claim that you work with circular economy as it generates economic benefits whileothers believe that it is about legitimacy. Some argue that it is more costly with circulareconomy in companies. It is therefore still not entirely clear why companies work withcircular economy.Porpuse: The purpose of the thesis is to gain an understanding of what circular economymeans according to companies, how circular companies manage and why they work withcircular economy.

    Method: A qualitative interview study has been conducted in 14 different companies thatwork with circular economy.

    Conclusion: The view of circular economy is thus different in different companies, but youcan still see similarities in how companies work with circular economy. The business's focusareas in the value chain can be different depending on the industry, size, product, and materialoffering. Circular businesses combine different strategies in order to work with circularity.Circular companies have a financial management that can be related to Malmi and Brown's(2008) manage and control package. However circular businesses management is based oncircular economy. All parts of the package such as vision, strategy, and goals have to beadapted to circular economy. The management within circular companies also needs to consider the time perspective. Managing in circular companies requires that you have a long-term mindset. In most companies, the big reason for working with the circular economy is profitability. However, it can be seen that other factors can also be important, such as lawsand environmental requirements. Another reason for circular economy is pressure fromvarious stakeholders and companies' personal interest in the environment.

    Keywords: Circular economy, Cradle to Cradle, the 3R principle, financial management,control packages, formal financial management, the stakeholder model, legitimacy,contingency theory.

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  • 4.
    Abid, Umair
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Ahmed, Bilal
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Semwoul, Shamaoun
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Managing Finished Goods Inventory at regional level: A case study on Dalda Foods (Pvt.) Ltd. Pakistan2009Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 15 credits / 22,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 5.
    Abraham, Yafet
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Humolli, Ylli
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Yusuf, Muse
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Rådgivningens betydelse för revisionsbyråer: en studie om hur rådgivningen påverkar revisorns oberoende samt relationen till klientföretagen2010Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 6. Abrahamsson, Christian
    et al.
    Gren, MartinLinnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    GO: On the Geographies of Gunnar Olsson2012Collection (editor) (Other academic)
  • 7. Abrahamsson, Christian
    et al.
    Gren, Martin
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Preamble2012In: GO: On the Geographies of Gunnar Olsson / [ed] Abrahamsson, Christian, Gren, Martin, Ashgate, 2012, p. 3-7Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 8.
    Abrahamsson, Jens
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Lindblom, Niclas
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Product Placement: A study about Swedes attitude towards product placements in Movies and TV-shows2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Marketers have always been looking for alternative ways to reach the target population with their messages. One approach that has grown the last decades is product placement that has become a large arena for companies to involve in their marketing communication. It has been shown that people tend to dislike traditional advertisement such as commercial brakes in TV and tries to avoid it by switching channel. Since product placement is a type of advertisement that is embedded in a movie or TV-show and cannot be zapped away without missing the story of the movie or TV-show, it is a good opportunity to reach out with a company’s message.

    Several studies have been done in the field of mapping the attitudes towards product placement but no research has been done with the Swedish audience in focus. Therefore the purpose of this thesis is: “…to investigate what attitudes the Swedish audience has towards product placements in Movies and TV-shows”, which will lead to a greater knowledge for Swedish marketing managers about the attitudes towards product placement in Sweden.

    This thesis is a quantitative study with a descriptive single cross-sectional design. The data was retrieved through a questionnaire online. The sample frame was generation Y which is people that are between the ages 18-35.

    The study showed that the general attitude towards product placement is positive for the Swedish audience. When it comes to the different dimensions of product placement; visual-only, audio-only and a combination audio-visual it is shown that the visual placements is seen as the most positive way to place a product in a movie or a TV-show. It could also be seen several similarities with previous studies that prominent placement has a lower attitude while a subtle placements has a more positive attitude.

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    Abrahamsson, J & Lindblom, N. (2012)
  • 9.
    Abrahamsson, Marie
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Andersson, Jenniann
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Gapet mellan företag och konsument: CSR-kommunikation hos klädföretag2010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Aim of the thesis: The aim of this thesis is to describe and gain a deeper understanding of how companies use communication as a tool to overcome the gap between the company and the consumer. The aim is also to clarify some of the factors contributing to this gap.Method:  This thesis has been made from a qualitative approach with quantitative influences. The qualitative primary data collection was gathered through six in-depth interviews with companies in Gothenburg either selling organic and fair-trade produced clothes or marketing towards sustainable consumption. The quantitative part consists of a consumer questionnaire given to 100 women in the inner city of Gothenburg.  Frame of references: Related researches within the field of the subject are presented in the beginning of this chapter. Further theories presented are the consumer’s awareness and the consumer´s responsiveness to CSR. The consumer buying process connects the consumer to the company and how the company reacts and communicates.    Conclusions: The consumer lack adequate information to consume organic and fair-trade clothes. Social Entrepreneurs can help them overcome the issue, but needs to improve their CSR-communication. The gap between the company and the consumer can be describes by factors like supply, labeling, preconceptions, buying behavior and marketing.Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Organic and Fair-trade clothes, Social entrepreneur.

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  • 10.
    Adler, Anne-Kathrin
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Google AdWords - Infringing or Liberalizing Trade?: A Comparative Analysis of Treatment of Google AdWords under U.S. and EU Trademark Law2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Since Google as the world's largest and most popular search engine encourages Internet users to browse their search results, it is naturally functioning as an advertising vehicle and has turned into the most profitable Internet company in world's history. Google's success, however, has been subject to strong criticism as one of the main concerns is linked to Google AdWords, which reveal keyword-triggered advertisements as well as sponsored links besides unsponsored search results. Courts both in Europe and the United States under different trademark legislation felt forced to address the collision of pre-Internet trademark infringement doctrines with modern technology. 

    As Google AdWords have changed the way consumers observe Internet advertisements and search engines, the boundaries of trademark law have continuously been pushed forward. This development, thus, raises the question of whether Google AdWords by now are considered to function as trade liberalizer or trade infringer under two different trademark jurisdictions. 

    What is certain as of now is, that if the current circumstances are to change, courts cannot solely rely on old doctrines to adapt to new situations. Instead, new rules should not be subject to isolated court proceedings by individual instances regarded that jurisdictions of courts are limited by territorial boundaries and Google AdWords have evolved as an element of borderless online sphere. Taking these new challenges into account, this paper argues that addressing trademark issues originated by AdWords will demand an international consideration and coordinated efforts between the EU and the United States to bring forward an international solution. 

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    Google AdWords - Infringing or Liberalizing Trade?
  • 11.
    Adler, Martin
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Saltin, Love
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Den lille Krigaren: - En studie om hur svenska SMF kan etablera sig på välutvecklade marknader2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    I denna rapport har vi valt att undersöka hur svenska SMF har gått tillväga för att lyckas etablera sig på en mogen och välutvecklad marknad. Genom att analysera det resursbaserade synsättet samt vilken etableringsform företag har använt sig av vid expansion så har vi haft som syfte att beskriva vilka specifika resurser samt vilken etableringsform som har varit viktigast för företagen när de har tagit beslutet om en expansion. Vi har vidare analyserat de barriärer och konkurrens som gjort att företagen valt att genomföra expansionen på ett specifikt sätt. För att kunna uppfylla syftet med uppsatsen har vi använt oss av en kvalitativ flerfallstudie med företag från olika regioner i Sverige.

    Vår teoriteska referensram har bestått av Barneys (1991) resursbaserade synsätt, olika etableringsformer samt Michael Porters (1980) teori om etableringsbarriärer.

    I vår analys så kopplar vi ihop vår teoretiska syntes med vår insamlade empiri för att kunna urskilja vilken/vilka resurser som har varit avgörande för företagens val av etableringsstrategier vid en expansion till en mogen marknad. Vi har även analyserat hur barriärer och konkurrens påverkat vid val av etableringsstrategier.

    Vi har baserat på denna analys kunnat dra slutsatsen att de teknologiska, entreprenöriella samt storleksmässiga resurserna har varit de mest essentiella resurserna för de undersökningsföretag vi studerat. Detta stärks genom att de tre undersökningsföretagen alla besitter en teknik som är unik, och att ge baserat på denna teknik lyckats skapa och implementera en etableringsstrategi som har anpassats efter både resurser och marknad. Detta har även lett till att vi har dragit slutsatsen att det inte finns något specifikt etableringstillvägagångssätt, utan att detta måste anpassas efter förutsättningar och marknad. Vidare har vi även sett att alla företag nyttjat en differentieringsstrategi, där vi dragit slutsatsen att denna strategi gjort att de itne har haft någon större påverkan från konkurrenter.

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    Den Lilla Krigaren
  • 12.
    Adolfson, Anna
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Jansson, Victoria
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Stadskampen om kunderna – En studie om värdeskapande i handelsplatser2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract

    The purpose of this study is to investigate how value creation influences consumers´ choice of market place. We have chosen to focus on how inner city centers can compete with external shopping malls by examining what values consumers find essential in shopping areas. The development within the retail market with more external malls outside cities has resulted in impoverished city centers; therefore, new strategies towards more attractive servicescapes in the inner city are crucial. The study is based on a qualitative approach due to deeper understanding and closeness to the subject, where Kalmar city is chosen as a case. We have completed a focus group study where respondents from each target group where represented. Furthermore, we have accomplished personal interviews category business- men and women from the trade sector in Kalmar. The conclusion has been submitted in different elements within a servicescape where cooperation between different industries, importance of attractive meeting places and pleasant atmosphere were the core findings for value creation. If a city centre corresponds to the findings of value added elements, it is argued to be a strong competitor in today’s concrete retail market

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    Stadskampen om kunderna
  • 13.
    Adolfsson, Anna
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Stelin, Sara
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Företagsvärdering2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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    Företagsvärdering
  • 14.
    Adolfsson, Emelie
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Persson, Robert
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Musikbranschen: Från demo till upplevelse2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: The purpose of this study has been to identify different actors and processes in music recording. We find this interesting since there have been a lot of changes in the music industry over the last years. Our ambition has been to point out different actors and their roles during the advent of recorded music, and identify different features and processes in the creation of music today and in the future. To fulfill our purpose we have had the following research question: What characterize, in a future perspective, the gathered process during the creation of recorded music from idea to delivery and experience?

    Method: We have used a qualitative approach for this study and we have conducted seven interviews with persons from different areas of the Music Industry and radio. These seven interviews gave us foundations for our analysis. We choose the qualitative method to come closer and get a deeper understanding of the studied topic.

    Conclusion: In the final chapter we present our conclusions of the study. We have found that there have been some changes of the traditional process and for the different actors that participate within the process of recorded music. We have identified that there are new opportunities for an artist and musicians to get a breakthrough in a business that are characterized of hard competition, since there are a lot of music in the market today. Another conclusion we have drawn is that the consumer has gained more power and contribute to the process through that they require more and more access to the artist. The underlying reasons for this change, and also for the transfer of power to the costumers, are the development of the technology which has forced the music business to adapt their business models to this change.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 15.
    Adolfsson Karlsson, Ann-Louise
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Svanberg, Kristina
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Strand, Lennart
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Småföretagens finansiering vid ökat kapialbehov: -En fallstudie med tre småföretag2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Sammanfattning

     

    Examensarbete G3 i företagsekonomi, Ekonomihögskolan vid Linnéuniversitetet Kalmar/Växjö, ekonomistyrning, Kurskod, 2FE90E VT 2011

     

    Författare: Ann-Louise Adolfsson Karlsson, Kristina Svanberg,Lennart Strand

    Handledare: Anders Jerreling

    Titel: Småföretagens finansiering vid ökat kapitalbehov.

    Bakgrund:Regeringens mål är att fler ska våga starta egna företag och att fler företagare ska våga satsa för att växa. I Lissabonprogrammet står det att man vill skapa ett europeiskt mervärde där små och medelstora företag måste få bättre tillgång till kapital och lån så att de kan utveckla hela sin potential. Vi har via tidigare forskning och egna erfarenheter sett att småföretag ofta har svårt att hitta rätt finansieringsform.

     Syfte: Vårt syfte är att beskriva hur våra undersökta småföretag finansierar sitt ökade kapitalbehov samt att beskriva de finansieringsproblem företagen upplever.

    I huvudsyftet ingår följande frågeställningar:

    ”Hur finansierar småföretag sitt ökade kapitalbehov?”

    ”Vilka finansieringssvårigheter har småföretag i Sverige vid ett ökat kapitalbehov?”

    Avgränsningar: Vi har undersökt tre svenska småföretag för att se hur de finansierar sin verksamhet och vilka finansieringssvårigheter de upplever.

    Metod: Vi har genomfört en flerfallstudie med tre småföretag. Vi har använt oss av semistrukturerade intervjuer bestående av en serie öppna frågor som bygger på en förutbestämd intervjuguide kring vårt tema. Vidare har vi använt oss av fallföretagens årsredovisningar.

    Resultat, slutsatser: I vår undersökning har vi sett att våra småföretag helst vill använda sig av egna medel, d.v.s. finansiera sig enligt ”pecking order”-modellen. Det egna kapitalet underlättar för företagen att bibehålla sin självständighet och säkerställer att man har kvar kontrollen i företaget. Däremot så räcker oftast inte de egna medlen till och därmed behöver företagen använda sig av externt kapital. Då alla våra företag har en etablerad kontakt med sina banker anser de inte att det skulle vara några problem att erhålla nya banklån om investeringen verkar lönsam. Däremot är småföretagen försiktiga med att låna externt kapital då det medför ovillkorliga utbetalningar i form av ränta och amorteringar. Vi har sett att istället för att använda sig av externt kapital väljer småföretagen bort vissa investeringar vilket går emot regeringens målsättning.

    Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Vi har i vårt uppsatsarbete funnit att de småföretag vi undersökt upplever stora svårigheter vid ansökning av bidrag. Därför anser vi att det skulle vara intressant med en fortsatt forskning om hur bidragssystemet för småföretag i dag är uppbyggt och hur man skulle kunna förenkla för småföretag vid bidragssökande.

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  • 16.
    Adolfsson, Per
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Mårdh, Marcus
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Sandevärn, Fredrik
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Att scanna eller inte scanna: En studie om neuromarknadsföringens potential som komplement till eller ersättning av enkät, intervju och fokusgrupp.2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In order to stay competitive and to be the first choice for customers in a world driven by a high level of competitive advantage, it is important for companies to stay ahead of the competition by conducting thorough market research. Even if this tends to be the case, many products still fail when reaching the market, leaving companies with great losses. The reason for this could be that the development of existing research methods has stagnated, or that they simply lack the ability to find the true answer as to what intentions underlie consumer’s decision making when shopping. Many believe that a new method is desired in order to get a better picture of what customers really think. As a solution to the problem, researchers are using a mix of neuroscience and marketing in order to get into the customers minds. Therefore, this study seeks to create knowledge about the new emerging trend called neuromarketing and its potential as a complement or substitute to surveys, interviews and focus groups. In order to achieve this purpose, relevant theory was collected and compared to the empirical data from focus group studies that were conducted. Findings show that scanning customers’ brains, for now, cannot fully substitute surveys, interviews or focus groups, since each have their own investigational characteristics. This could although change as neuromarketing still is in an early development stage and researchers believe that the method has good future potential. Although neuromarketing cannot be seen as a substitute for now, it still has its advantages compared to surveys, interviews and focus groups. We therefore see that scanning of the brain could be used as a sufficient complement to the other methods through triangulation if companies can afford it.

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    Att scanna eller inte scanna - En studie om neuromarknadsföringens potential som komplement till eller ersättning av enkät, intervju och fokusgrupp.
  • 17.
    Adomaviciute, Ugne
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Seskas, Simonas
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Management of Short-term Capital Flows in China2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Our essay focuses on short-term capital inflows and their effects on China’s economy.The reason for this work was the increasing vulnerability of China’s economy and the risk of newupcoming world financial crisis, all because of uncontrollable amounts of speculative capitalflows. Because of this problem, we raised a main question that we try to answer in this essayhowto reduce the possibility and the severity of the future financial crisis in China? In order tosolve this problem, first we searched for the existing theory of capital flows, mainly short-termcapital inflows. We analysed why investors choose capital flows and some specific countries,why it is profitable, but also risky and what could be done by countries, to stop these inflows orat least to diminish their effect on domestic markets. After that, we looked for past experiencesof countries faced with surges of capital flows and their measures for controlling them, weanalysed, if the theoretical tools were actually effective in reality. To finish the model, weapplied these measures to China’s economy and gave our viewpoint on what could be changedin order to avoid the dangers of short-term capital inflows. Last, we sum up the whole essay andsuggest the best mix of measures that China could use to control capital inflows as well as theireffects on the economy.

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  • 18.
    Af Geijerstam, Anna
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Johansson, Malin
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Tornell, Anna
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Nya marknader - nya möjligheter: Lansering av småvitt2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 19.
    af Geijerstam, Therese
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Arbetsgivares ansvar för rehabilitering: Vägen tillbaka i arbete, lång eller kort?2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Aim and questions: The purpose of this paper is to clarify the responsibilities employers have for rehabilitation and to explore how it conforms to an employers' actual condi-tions. Furthermore, the intention is to increase knowledge of how employers interact with other partners in the rehabilitation process and what affects sick people to return to work. The following three questions form the basis of this paper: What are employers’ responsibilities for rehabilitation under the law and how is it consistent with an employer's actual conditions? What is the role of employers in the rehabilitation co- operation with other actors? What factors influence sick people to return to work?

    Method: The paper has used a true scientific and a legal sociological method to examine how the regulated employer responsibility for rehabilitation relates to what is practical in re-ality. To achieve the purpose, four empirical interviews were conducted with Örebro Municipality, Insurance, occupational health Previa and a doctor, which all of them have an important role in the rehabilitation process. The interviewees received questionnaires in advance so they knew what was requested.

    Results: Sickness absence rates increased in Sweden during 2000-´s which has brought more attention to rehabilitation. Previous research shows that a dysfunctional workplace often has more sick leave than a well-functioning workplace and that employer’s incentives to improve working conditions differ. Employers have statutory occupational health and rehabilitation responsibilities, but the question is how it is fulfilled?

    The results show that Örebro Municipality has several documents that describe how they should proceed with their occupational health and rehabilitation work, and that they have introduced a so called health package. It is hoped that this preventative approach will lead to a reduction in sickness absence. The statistics also show that the proportion of long-term sickness has subsided, which they among other things think may be due to the rehabilitation chain introduced in 2008 with fixed time limits.

    Conclusion: Prevention and health promotion is essential to reduce the risk of sick leave and that earlier rehabilitation measures, the better. The rehabilitation chain has led to an earlier and more structured rehabilitation program and that more cases of illnesses are concluded more quickly. However, the rehabilitation interaction needs further improvement, in hopes that ongoing efforts will bring.

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  • 20.
    Agerström, Jens
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health, Social Work and Behavioural Sciences, School of Education, Psychology and Sport Science.
    Björklund, Fredrik
    Lunds universitet.
    Carlsson, Rickard
    Lunds universitet.
    Rooth, Dan-Olof
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Warm and competent Hassan = Cold and incompetent Eric: A Harsh equation of real-life hiring discrimination2012Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Little is known about how individuating information about job applicants influences ethnic discrimination. In the present field experiment, we sent out 5,636 job applications varying how Swedish (in-group) and Arab (out-group) applicants presented themselves in terms of two fundamental dimensions of social judgment: warmth and competence. Results indicate substantial discrimination where Arab applicants receive fewer invitations to job interviews. Furthermore, conveying a warmer or more competent personality increases invitations. However, appearing both warm and competent seems to be especially important for Arab applicants. In conclusion, the results show that Arab applicants need to appear warmer and more competent than Swedish applicants to be invited equally often. The practical importance of signaling warmth and competence in labor market contexts is discussed.

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  • 21.
    Agerström, Jens
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Björklund, Fredrik
    Lunds universitet.
    Carlsson, Rickard
    Lunds universitet.
    Rooth, Dan-Olof
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Warm and Competent Hassan = Cold And Incompetent Eric: The Harsh Equation of Real-life Hiring Discrimination2012In: Basic and Applied Social Psychology, ISSN 0197-3533, E-ISSN 1532-4834, Vol. 34, no 4, p. 359-366Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In a field experiment, we sent out 5,636 job applications varying how Swedish (in-group) and Arab (out-group) applicants presented themselves in terms of two fundamental dimensions of social judgment: warmth and competence. Results indicate substantial discrimination where Arab applicants receive fewer invitations to job interviews. Conveying a warmer or more competent personality increases invitations. However, appearing both warm and competent seems to be especially important for Arab applicants. Arab applicants need to appear warmer and more competent than Swedish applicants to be invited equally often. The practical importance of signaling warmth and competence in labor market contexts is discussed.

  • 22.
    Agerström, Jens
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Rooth, Dan-Olof
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    The role of automatic obesity stereotypes in real hiring discrimination2011In: Journal of Applied Psychology, ISSN 0021-9010, E-ISSN 1939-1854, Vol. 96, no 4, p. 790-805Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 23.
    Agevall, Lena
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, School of Social Sciences.
    Jonnergård, Karin
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Att vara en professionell yrkesutövare och att vara ämbetsman - samtidigt2010In: Professioner i offentlig förvaltning / [ed] Torgny Klasson, Lund: Studentlitteratur, 2010, p. 137-160Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 24.
    Agevall, Lena
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, School of Social Sciences.
    Jonnergård, Karin
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    From profession to product: Commodication of the Swedish audit profession 1989-20102012Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    During the last three decades auditing has increasing been viewed as a commercial activities. The Big4 accounting firms are some of the largest consultant firms in the world, highly profitable and with increasing market shares. Tasks that earlier has been defined as professional services has increasingly became commoditized and marketed as other goods.

    From the perspective of theory on profession the process of developing professional knowledge into marketable goods and it influence on the legitimacy of the profession is important issues.

     

    This paper presents a study of how the professional association of Swedish auditors has presented this development and attempted to legitimacy it in the eyes of the profession and the general public in the association’s magazine between the years of 1989-2010. Building on Abbotts (1991) discussion on different forms of expertise knowledge and Suddaby and Greenwood (2001) discussion of commodification and commercialization of professional knowledge we discern four areas utilized by the Swedish audit profession for presenting and legitimizing commodification of the audit function: (1) attributes connected to the professional role of an auditors increasingly become depersonalized (2) the knowledge of the auditing processes become externalized and standardized in different audit standards (32) the development of so-called Multidisciplinary Practices implies an increasing product range in audit firms implying a less salient role for auditing within these firma (4) a transferring of this commodification from the large accounting firms to smaller audit firms through a translation of the professional association of “auditing” into a number different services (product differentiation). The contribution of the paper is to describe and theorize how a commodification of a profession is diffused and how commercial and professional forces co-operation in such transformation of the audit profession

  • 25.
    Agevall, Lena
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, School of Social Sciences.
    Jonnergård, Karin
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Från förtroende för revisorsrollen till förtroende för revisionsstandarder?2011Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 26.
    Agevall, Lena
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, School of Social Sciences.
    Jonnergård, Karin
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Från förtroende för revisorsrollen till förtroende för revisionsstandarder?2012In: Tillit och förtroende: Ständiga utmaningar för professionella / [ed] Carin Björngren Cuadra & Ola Fransson, Malmö: Gleerups Utbildning AB, 2012, 1, p. 131-158Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 27.
    Agevall, Lena
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, School of Social Sciences.
    Jonnergård, Karin
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Vad är New Public Management?2010In: Professioner i offentlig förvaltning / [ed] Torgny Klasson, Lund: Studentlitteratur, 2010, p. 161-179Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 28.
    Agevall, Lena
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, School of Social Sciences.
    Jonnergård, Karin
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Vad är professioner?2010In: Professioner i offentlig förvaltning / [ed] Torgny Klasson, Lund: Studentlitteratur, 2010, p. 107-136Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 29.
    Aggoud, Rachida
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Bourgeois, Eglantine
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    The Mismanagement of Mergers and Acquisitions2012Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 15 credits / 22,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In today’s business world, it appears to be impossible for companies to survive without expanding through deals that result in mergers and acquisitions. Mergers and acquisitions represent a favourable medium of growth. However, studies indicate a high rate of failure in these operations. Evidently, there are areas that are mismanaged during the course of a merger or acquisition.

     

    If organizations make a decision to go through a merger or acquisition, it is vital that they devote significant attention and resources to understand and deal with opportunities and challenges presented during its processes. Through our research we have come to identify four important aspects as integral to a successful merger and acquisition. These components: culture, synergies, leadership and politics, each independently and together when mismanaged become the source of a merger or acquisition failing.  If we are to envision the newly formed organization post a merger or acquisition as the structure, we see these four components as the pillars of this structure.  The strength or weakness of these pillars will determine the future of the newly formed organization.  At the other end of the spectrum, the very core aspects that result in success, we believe when mismanaged can spell catastrophe for the organization. However, lessons in mismanagement in these very four strategic areas can be the game changer that could possibly turn a merger and acquisition failure into success. It is only through an analytical study of the mismanagement pertinent in these four individual areas that we arrive at answers so that we may change this dominant trend of failure in mergers and acquisitions.

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  • 30.
    Ahlander, Carina
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Pereyra, Nathalie
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Ett transportföretags hållbarhetsredovisning- sett ur ett intressentperspektiv2010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 31.
    Ahlberg, Jenny
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Collin, Sven-Olof Yrjö
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Lazarevska, Aleksandra
    Audit firm adaption to expected deregulation of statutory auditing: The Swedish case2010Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In 2008 there was an expectation that the statutory audit would be abolished in Sweden within a few years. We surveyed audit firms in April 2009 in order to observe their strategic actions when facing this expected major deregulation of their market. We found that the firms appeared to be rather slow in strategic change, one reason being the presence of a strong profession; another, more speculative, reason being their belief in their strong auditing product and brand name; and a third reason being their present client base who needed to satisfy their major stakeholders, such as the state and the banks, through the audit. The agents of change, if any, appeared to be the audit chain firm and the firm partners.

  • 32.
    Ahlberg, Jenny
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Jonnergård, Karin
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    The success story of transparency within EU and accounting: a conceptual analysis2012In: Paper presented at EAA 2012, 35th Annual Cogress, Ljubljana, Slovenia, May 9-11, 2012 / [ed] Aljoša Valentinčič, Sergeja Slapničar, Monika Lapanja, Tina Drolc, Jana Pucelj, Jernej Koren, Faculty of Economics, University of Ljubljana , 2012Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 33.
    Ahlberg, Jenny
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Jonnergård, Karin
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    The success story of transparency within EU and accounting: a conceptual analysis2012In: Paper presented at the 14th Annual Conference on European Integration Swedish Network for European Studies in Economics and Business(SNEE), "European Integration in Swedish Economic Research, Mölle, Sweden, May 22nd - 25th, 2012, 2012Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Transparency is a concept that has gained in popularity during the last twenty years. Today it is used to describe given or demanded information from public organizations as well as private corporations or from different entities within an organization. Two features of the concept are striking; its rapid growth in popularity and its extensive use in different areas. In accounting the concept appears either to replace the concept of openness or to pool desirable attributes of corporate information to the market. In EU the concept has been used to support arguments for reforms of both EU’s political processes and regulations of the welfare sector as well as of the corporate sector. In this paper we review the research regarding the definition, origin and use of the concept, with focus on financial and accounting literature and literature on the EU. Our aim is to detect which features of the concept of transparency that has contributed to its growth and applicability. In this paper we argue that transparency has become so popular due to its adaptableness to different contexts, as well as that it is supported by either cognitive, normative or regulative logics connected to the concept or by political, functional or social pressures that decrease earlier practices and at the same time gives space for the augmented use of the concept of transparency. To support our arguments we take our point of departure from the Scandinavian institutional theory and its approach to translations of concepts and reforms.

  • 34.
    Ahlberg, Milton
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Sönegård, John
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Servicelandskap i Dagligvaruhandeln.: Image, lojalitet och relationer.2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract

    The purpose of this study is to clarify and analyze the servicescapes impact on brand image and customer loyalty among general dealers. The research question that we have used in the study is what characterizes the connection between the servicescape and the possibility to maintain and strengthen the customer relation among general dealers. The study is based on a qualitative approach and we have conducted eight interviews with experts and special advisers within the field. We have chosen to focus our study on the fact the market for general dealers have changed and the demands from the customers are severed throughout the years. The servicescape consists of the physical surroundings where the service is produced, examples of factors that influence the servicescape is the employees and the customers. The results that we present in this study focus on the ability to deliver good quality to the customer and the knowledge that the employees present to the customer. Other results are the importance of the service encounters including the customers and the employees. The last two chapters in the study are the analysis and the conclusions, which revolve around the results that we have presented, for a elaborated picture of the results we recommend these two chapters.

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  • 35.
    Ahlbäck, Johan
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, School of Design.
    Projektet Elda: Ett typsnitt och en undersökande arbetsprocess2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 15 credits / 22,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Projektet Elda är ett undersökande arbete om det digitala verktyget och vilka kvalitets- aspekt det påverkar. Datorn som ett kreativt hjälpmedel inom formgivning är i dag ett självklart verktyg i designprocessen, men vad händer egentligen med designers personliga avtryck när formen blir digital? Undersökningsmetoden i detta subjektiva projekt är em- pirisk och består av designprocessen bakom typsnittet Elda, under hela projektets gång reflekterar jag tankar, form och litteratur mot varandra. Diskussionen består av min syn på den digitala grafiska produkten, yrkets egenvärde och mänsklig kommunikation. 

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  • 36.
    Ahlrot, Jenny
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Jakobsson, Malin
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Sinnesmarknadsföring: Servicelandskapets konkurrensmedel inom modebranschen2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Hur använder klädföretag sinnesmarknadsföring som konkurrens-medel i sitt servicelandskap?

    Syfte

    Studera mer ingående och skapa en förståelse för hur sinnesmark-nadsföring appliceras i servicelandskap hos detaljhandlare i mo-debranschen som ett konkurrensmedel samt hur de kan förmedla en konsumentupplevelse.

    Metod

    Studien bygger på en kvalitativ metodik med deduktiv ansats samt ostrukturerade intervjuer och dolda observationer.

    Slutsats

    Sinnesmarknadsföring kan användas för att särskilja sig gentemot konkurrenterna då användningen av sinnena sker på ett annorlunda och särskiljande sätt. Klädbutikerna behöver ej aktivera alla sin-nena för att förmedla en upplevelse men att en användning av alla sinnena skapar en större konkurrensfördel. Människans fem sinnen synen, känseln, hörseln, lukten och smaken kan användas och ak-tiveras på fler olika sätt i ett servicelandskap för att förmedla något utöver produkterna.

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    Sinnesmarknadsföring
  • 37.
    Ahmadi, Jan
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Anvedahl, Alexander
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Johansson, Niklas
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    E-livsmedel 2.0: En kvalitativ studie av livsmedelsbutikers e-handelssatsningar2010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In this day and age we carry out our purchases through different channels. We can shop our clothes and computers in a store or online. Nowadays we can even purchase our groceries through the Internet. The biggest retailer chains within groceries in Sweden have established virtual stores online and are distributing the goods in cities throughout the country. This thesis is dedicated to investigating crucial success factors when going about selling groceries online. Our main research question for this study is “How should a grocery design their business if they want to be successful selling groceries online”. To answer this question we have used a qualitative method when we carried out our empirical research. We conducted interviews with directors and managers of stores who sell groceries online as well as in stores who don’t. The focus of the study has been on those interviews but we have also gathered relevant models and theories from areas like e-commerce. Our findings have shown us that a grocery who wants to be successful with a virtual store needs to have the right size and location. Furthermore we have concluded that a store needs specific equipment as well as a thought out information systems. We hope our findings can work as a blueprint for the store that wants to sell groceries through the Internet.   

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  • 38.
    Ahmadi, Jan
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Kågesjö, Robert
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Kreativitet och ledarskap: -På Länssjukhuset i Kalmar2011Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Syfte: Syftet är begreppsutvecklande där vi vill öka kunskapen om hur en

    verksamhet som kännetecknas av hierarki och standardisering är kopplat

    till kreativitetsbegreppet. Detta genom att studera ledarskapets och

    kreativitetens betydelse för, och relation till, varandra i en

    professionsbyråkrati.

    Metodik: Vi har använt oss av deduktiv ansats och en kvalitativ

    undersökningsmetod. Vi har utfört sex kvalitativa, semi-strukturerade

    intervjuer med olika chefer på Länssjukhuset i Kalmar samt elva stycken

    intervjuer med medarbetare till dessa chefer.

    Resultat: Vi har upptäckt att andra termer tillgives samma innebörd som

    kreativitetsbegreppet på Länssjukhuset i Kalmar. Istället för kreativitet

    används utveckling och förbättringsarbete, något som ständigt är i fokus.

    Ledarskapet försvåras av sin uppgift att skapa ett klimat där idéer från

    medarbetare uppmuntras och tas om hand. Ledarna på Länssjukhuset i

    Kalmar måste bland annat driva ett lyhört och synligt ledarskap för att

    kunna få medarbetarna att vara kreativa. Slutsatsen är att Länssjukhuset

    eftersom de arbetar för att främja kreativitet kan ses som väl så kreativa i

    jämförelse med verksamheter av andra slag, men att de själva inte

    använder dessa begrepp.

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  • 39.
    Ahmed, Ali
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Conditional reciprocity in the investment game2011In: The Social Science Journal, ISSN 0362-3319, E-ISSN 1873-5355, Vol. 48, no 2, p. 404-408Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper investigates whether people are conditional reciprocators in an investment game experiment, in the sense that the more they are trusted, the more they reciprocate. The results show that the majority of participants are conditional reciprocators but that they can be classified into three types: (1) exploitative reciprocators who do not reciprocate and exploit trust; (2) egoistic reciprocators who neither exploit nor reward trust; and (3) generous reciprocators who reward trusting behavior.

  • 40.
    Ahmed, Ali
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Muslim discrimination:: Evidence from two lost letter experiments2010In: Journal of Applied Social Psychology, ISSN 0021-9029, E-ISSN 1559-1816, Vol. 40, no 4, p. 888-898Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Since the 9/11 terrorist attacks, there has been considerable concern about whether Muslims living in Western countries are targets of prejudice. A considerable amount of survey-based evidence suggests that Muslims are victims of discrimination. This paper tested this hypothesis. Two lost-letter experiments were conducted to test whether the difference in returned letters would be attributable to whether the addressee was Muslim or Swedish. The results show that Muslims receive far fewer letters than do Swedes. However, this discrimination only appears when the lost letters contain money; in which case, the finder gains by not posting the letter.

  • 41.
    Ahmed, Ali
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    What is in a surname? The role of ethnicity in economic decision making2010In: Applied Economics, ISSN 0003-6846, E-ISSN 1466-4283, Vol. 42, no 21, p. 2715-2723Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article reports results from two experiments that investigate possible incidence of discrimination against people with foreign backgrounds in Sweden. In the first experiment, participants played the trust game and the dictator game with co-players of different ethnic affiliation. The family name of the players was exposed to their co-players. Results for the trust game showed no significant discrimination against co-players with foreign backgrounds. On the other hand, the results for the dictator game showed a statistically significant discriminatory behaviour by men against co-players with non-European backgrounds. The discriminatory behaviour was solely a male phenomenon. In the second experiment, the dictator game was replicated to check the stability of the results in the first experiment. The second experiment also examined whether people with foreign backgrounds discriminate against other people with foreign backgrounds; that is, the purpose was to discover whether discrimination is systematic. The observations in the second experiment underlined the results found in the first experiment: foreign co-players are discriminated against by Swedish players. However, we did not find that people with foreign backgrounds discriminated against other people with foreign backgrounds.

  • 42.
    Ahmed, Ali
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Women are not always less competitive than men: Evidence from Come Dine with Me2011In: Applied Economics Letters, ISSN 1350-4851, E-ISSN 1466-4291, Vol. 18, no 12, p. 1099-1101Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Are women less competitive than men? Many experimental and nonexperimental studies have documented gender differences in competitiveness. This article presents the results from a study that examines gender differences in competitiveness in the television show Come Dine with Me. It is a cooking show in which amateur chefs compete against each other for a cash prize. The show provides an unusual opportunity to study gender differences in a high-stakes game environment. The results demonstrate that there are no gender differences in competitiveness.

  • 43.
    Ahmed, Ali
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Andersson, Lina (current name Aldén, Lina)
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Hammarstedt, Mats
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Are homosexuals discriminated against in the hiring process?2012Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents the first field experiment on sexual orientation discrimination in the hiring process in the Swedish labor market. Job applications were sent to about 4,000 employers in 10 different occupations in Sweden. Gender and sexual orientation were randomly assigned to applications. The results show that sexual orientation discrimination exists in the Swedish labor market. The discrimination against gays and lesbian varies across different occupations and appears only in the private sector. The results also seem to suggest a new dimension of traditional gender roles; the gay applicant was discriminated against in typical male-dominated occupations whereas the lesbian applicant was discriminated against in typical female-dominated occupations. Thus, the results suggest that gays to some extent face the same obstacles on the labor market as heterosexual women.

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  • 44.
    Ahmed, Ali
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Andersson, Lina (current name Aldén, Lina)
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Hammarstedt, Mats
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Can discrimination in the housing market be reduced by increasing the information about the applicants?2010In: Land Economics, ISSN 0023-7639, E-ISSN 1543-8325, Vol. 86, no 1, p. 79-90Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [no]

    We investigate how increasing the information about applicantsaffects discrimination in the rental housing market. We letfour fictitious applicants, two with typical Arab/Muslim namesand two with typical Swedish names, use application letterscontaining different amounts of information to apply for apartmentsover the Internet in Sweden. The Arab/Muslim applicants receivedfewer responses from the landlords than did the Swedish applicants.All of the applicants gained by providing more information aboutthemselves, but the amount of discrimination against the Arab/Muslimapplicants remained unchanged, indicating that increasing theamount of information about the applicants will not reduce discrimination

  • 45.
    Ahmed, Ali
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Andersson, Lina (current name Aldén, Lina)
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Hammarstedt, Mats
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Diskriminering mot -icke-heterosexuella i anställningssituationen2011Report (Other academic)
  • 46.
    Ahmed, Ali
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Andersson, Lina (current name Aldén, Lina)
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Hammarstedt, Mats
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Does age matter for employability? A field experiment on ageism in the Swedish labour market2012In: Applied Economics Letters, ISSN 1350-4851, E-ISSN 1466-4291, Vol. 19, no 4, p. 403-406Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 47.
    Ahmed, Ali
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Andersson, Lina (current name Aldén, Lina)
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Hammarstedt, Mats
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Earnings differentials due to sexual orientation: A look at some possible explanations2012Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Previous research has documented earnings differentials due to sexual orientation. In this paper we take a closer look at such differentials and the explanations for them. By studying yearly earnings as well as full-time monthly earnings, we are able to observe the extent to which the earnings disadvantage that is often observed for homosexual males and the earnings advantage often observed for homosexual females remain when we control for factors such as their number of hours worked. Our results suggest that male homosexuals are also at an earnings disadvantage compared to male heterosexuals after controlling for number of hours worked. This disadvantage is larger at the top than at the bottom of the earnings distribution. However, for females the earnings differential is considerably smaller when we study full-time monthly earnings than when we study yearly earnings. Thus, the results indicate that male homosexuals face obstacles on the labour market that hinder them from reaching top-level positions and high earnings levels; the earnings advantage often observed for homosexual females in previous research is more likely to stem from the fact that female homosexuals devote more time to market labour than heterosexual females do.

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    fulltext
  • 48.
    Ahmed, Ali
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Andersson, Lina (current name Aldén, Lina)
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Hammarstedt, Mats
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Homosexuella diskrimineras i traditionella yrken2011In: Svenska Dagbladet (Opinion), ISSN 1101-2412, no 20 marsArticle in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 49.
    Ahmed, Ali
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Andersson, Lina (current name Aldén, Lina)
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Hammarstedt, Mats
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Inter- and intra-household earnings differentials among homosexual and heterosexual couples2011In: British Journal of Industrial Relations, ISSN 0007-1080, E-ISSN 1467-8543, Vol. 49, no s2, p. s258-s278Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present earnings differentials between homosexuals and heterosexuals. In line with previous research, we find that gay males earn less than heterosexual males, and that lesbians earn more than heterosexual females. However, when combining the individuals into households, our results are strikingly different: very small earnings differentials between gay households and heterosexual households are found. Lesbian households earn considerably less. The largest earnings inequalities between spouses are found among gay males followed by heterosexuals. Studying sexual orientation and earnings is complex, and household earnings have to be taken into consideration when conclusions are drawn.

  • 50.
    Ahmed, Ali
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Andersson, Lina (current name Aldén, Lina)
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Hammarstedt, Mats
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Business, Economics and Design, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics.
    Perceptions of gay, lesbian, and heterosexual domestic violence among undergraduates in Sweden2012Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents an experimental study of perceptions about gay, lesbian, and heterosexual domestic violence in Sweden. More than 1,000 participants were asked to read one out of eight possible fictitious scenarios of domestic violence in married couple relationships and subsequently respond to a questionnaire. Sexual orientation, victims’ and batterers’ gender, and severity of the violence varied across the different scenarios. The clearest result of this study was that participants perceived domestic violence to be significantly more serious when a man battered his wife than in any other case (i.e., when a woman battered her husband, when a gay man battered his husband, or when a lesbian woman battered her wife). In all types of relationships, participants matched their perceptions of domestic violence to the level of severity of the violence and participants with more negative attitudes toward women perceived domestic violence as less serious. Female participants were more concerned about lesbian domestic violence than male participants. Attitudes toward gays and lesbians mattered little for the perceptions of domestic violence.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
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