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  • Alsaleem, Shaiar-Ziwa
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Political Science.
    Between Fragility and Survival: The Mandaean Indigenous People and the Failure of Minority Protection in Iraq: A case study about a forgotten ancient minority2026Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The Mandaean indigenous community of ancient Mesopotamia constitutes one of the world’s oldest surviving ethno-religious groups. In contemporary Iraq, however, the Mandaeans have become a scarcely visible minority within the territory that historically formed the core of their religious and cultural life. This thesis examines how the human rights and security of the Mandaean community have been affected since the 2003 invasion of Iraq, and how these developments can be understood through the theoretical lens of Human Security.

    The study adopts a qualitative case study approach and draws on the Human Security framework, focusing on three interconnected dimensions: personal security, community security, and political security. This enables an analysis of insecurity not only in terms of direct violence, but also through institutional failure, social marginalisation, and threats to collective identity.

    The findings show that the Mandaean community has experienced severe and sustained insecurity since 2003. While the immediate post-invasion period was characterised by widespread violence, later years have seen a transformation rather than an end to insecurity. Ongoing threats, discrimination, and lack of effective state protection continue to undermine both individual safety and the community’s long-term survival. The analysis further demonstrates that political and institutional failures play a central role in enabling personal and community-level insecurity. By applying a Human Security perspective, this thesis contributes to a limited body of research on the Mandaean community and offers analytically transferable insights into the vulnerability of small, pacifist, and politically marginalised minorities in post-conflict societies.

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    Mandaeans Political Science
  • Linnea, Persson
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Political Science.
    Att legitimera stöd i krigstid: En argumentationsanalys av svenska riksdagsledamöters realistiska, liberala och konstruktivistiska motiveringar för stödet till Ukraina2025Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Sweden has historically pursued a policy of neutrality and maintained a pronounced aid policy grounded in humanitarian and ideological values. However, the rapid and extensive military support provided to Ukraine since 2022 deviates from this tradition, demonstrating instead a clear integration of security policy objectives into Swedish foreign and aid policy. This study aims to investigate how Swedish members of parliament justify support for Ukraine by appealing to realist threats, liberal values, or the construction of national and international norms. The thesis employs an argumentation analysis and is based on parliamentary debates from 2022 to 2025. Realism, liberalism, and constructivism are used as analytical lenses to categorize and code the central arguments advanced in the debates. The results show that realist, liberal, and constructivist arguments occur to a similar extent, with a few exceptions, in the politicians’ justifications. The study challenges a strict dichotomy between these theories and demonstrates that all three are utilized to justify aid. Furthermore, the study shows that Swedish politicians emphasize both values and national security to maintain support for a new, more confrontational foreign and aid policy, in which realist arguments are becoming increasingly prominent. 

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  • Nesga, Girum
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Building Technology.
    Kollannoor, Amal Francis
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Building Technology.
    Dynamic Testing and FE Modeling of two Timber Buildings With Different Load-Bearing System2025Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    As the construction industry increasingly adopts timber for high-rise applications to meet sustainability goals, understanding the dynamic behavior of these lightweight structures is critical for ensuring serviceability and occupant comfort. This thesis investigates the dynamic behaviour of a nine-storey timber building through a combined experimental and numerical approach. Ambient vibration measurements were carried out using Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) to extract the structure’s natural frequencies, mode shapes, and damping ratios under real operating conditions. The measured modal parameters were then used to calibrate and update a finite element (FE) model developed in RFEM. A systematic model-updating procedure was implemented, including mass adjustment, external wall bracing, and internal stabilising walls, to improve correlation between experimental and numerical results.

    Multiple validation metrics were employed, including frequency comparison and Modal Assurance Criterion (MAC). The updated FE model demonstrated strong agreement with OMA results, achieving high cross-MAC values for the primary global modes, confirming accurate mode pairing and reliable stiffness representation. The study also explored the influence of structural system choice on dynamic performance by comparing the updated model of the existing GLULAM post-and-beam structure to an equivalent-height CLT shear-wall building. The results showed that the GLULAM frame exhibits higher natural frequencies and stiffer lateral behaviour, while the CLT system demonstrates stronger torsional coupling and greater flexibility due to its shear-dominated load path.

    Overall, this work provides a validated numerical model suitable for performance evaluation and future design studies. The findings highlight key differences in vibration characteristics between GLULAM and CLT high-rise typologies and emphasize the importance of connection stiffness, mass distribution, and stabilising systems in the dynamic response of modern timber buildings. The research contributes to improved prediction reliability for timber structures and supports ongoing development of sustainable tall-timber engineering solutions.

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  • Ekelund, Ester
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Fager, Linnea
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Unga kvinnor med Anorexia Nervosas upplevelse av sin livsvärld: En litteraturstudie baserad på självbiografier2025Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Anorexia nervosa är en ätstörning som drabbar främst unga kvinnor. Tillståndet kännetecknas av en komplex relation till mat, vikt och kroppen med en stark rädsla av att gå upp i vikt trots en klar undervikt. Sjukdomen medför psykiska och fysiska symptom samt betydande somatiska kroppsliga besvär. Orsaken bakom uppkomsten är individuell och kan handla om psykologiska, sociokulturella och genetiska faktorer.

    Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva hur unga kvinnor med anorexia nervosa upplever sin livsvärld.

    Metod: Studien är en litteraturstudie med induktiv ansats. Den baseras på tre självbiografier som analyserades med manifest innehållsanalys.

    Resultat: Resultatet visade att anorexia nervosa hade stor påverkan på de unga kvinnornas livsvärld, både psykiskt, fysisk och socialt. Resultatet resulterade i tre kategorier med sju tillhörande underkategorier. Kategorierna som belystes var psykisk påverkan, fysisk påverkan och social påverkan.

    Slutsats: Anorexia nervosa innebär ett lidande som påverkar hela människans livsvärld, både psykiskt, fysiskt och socialt. Det är av stor vikt att sjuksköterskan ser hela patienten bortom diagnosen, förstår deras livsvärld och erbjuder ett vårdande som baseras på trygghet, vårdande relation och helhetssyn.

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  • Häggård, Elly
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Geisler, Dominika
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    När orden brister: Sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att kommunicera med patienter som har en demenssjukdom2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Antalet individer som har en demenssjukdom förväntas öka med 79% till år 2050. Begreppet demens syftar inte enbart till en sjukdom, utan är ett tillstånd som kan orsakas av olika skador och sjukdomar. Kommunikation handlar om samspelet mellan det verbala och icke-verbala. Anomi, afasi och agnosi är aspekter som är viktiga att ha i åtanke i samband med kommunikation med patienter som har en demenssjukdom. Kommunikation är en central del i sjuksköterskors arbete och därför är det viktigt att sjuksköterskor har kunskap om hur de ska kommunicera med en patient som har en demenssjukdom. 

    Syfte: Syftet var att sammanställa sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att kommunicera med patienter som har en demenssjukdom.

    Metod: En litteraturöversikt med induktiv ansats som baseras på kvalitativa vetenskapliga originalartiklar genomfördes. Data analyserades utifrån en reflexiv tematisk analys. 

    Resultat: Resultatet grundar sig på elva kvalitativa vetenskapliga originalartiklar som handlar om sjuksköterskors upplevelser. Tre huvudteman identifierades, dessa var kommunikativa brister i samtalet, utmaningar vid kommunikationshinder och vikten av kommunikationsstrategier. 

    Slutsatser: Sjuksköterskor upplever att de inte har tillräckligt med kunskap kring hur de ska kommunicera med patienter som har en demenssjukdom. En vårdande relation är en aspekt som underlättar effektiv kommunikation och bör inkluderas i syfte att kunna uppnå en personcentrerad vård. Det finns även kommunikationsutmaningar som kan öka arbetsbelastningen. Dock anses en lugn samtalsmiljö och en individanpassad kommunikation underlätta kommunikationen med patienter som har en demenssjukdom. När orden brister blir sjuksköterskors kommunikationsförmåga avgörande för att säkerställa en säker vård för patienter.

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  • Friang, Emma
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Westerberg, Emilia
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Att leva med abstinens orsakad av narkotika: En litteraturstudie baserad på självbiografier2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Användning av narkotika är ett växande problem globalt, med en ökning på 20% under tio år. Sverige är ett av de länder i Europa med högst narkotikarelaterad dödlighet. En risk för att utveckla beroendesyndrom är bland annat psykosociala faktorer. Beroendesyndrom innefattar abstinens, vilket innebär en reaktion i kroppen vid minskad koncentration av beroendeframkallande substanser och yttrar sig som abstinenssymtom alternativt ett försök att dämpa abstinensen. Beroendesyndrom kan ge konsekvenser som både psykisk och somatisk samsjuklighet. Syfte: Syftet är att beskriva personers upplevelser av att leva med abstinens vid beroendesyndrom orsakad av narkotika. Metod: Studien var en kvalitativ litteraturstudie med data utifrån fem självbiografier där ett induktivt förhållningssätt har använts. Datan analyserades utifrån en manifest innehållsanalys. Resultat: I resultatet framkom tre kategorier: Kroppsliga symtom, Psykiska påfrestningar och Desperation att undfly abstinensen. Resultatet visade att upplevelsen av att leva med abstinens innebar känslor som oro, rädsla, impulsivitet och aggressivitet. Känslorna påverkade därmed personer i form av merbegär, flykt från känslor och verklighet, ekonomisk stress, en inre kamp mellan två röster, risk för ohälsa samt förlust av identitet och kontroll. Slutsats: Att leva med abstinens innebär både en direkt och indirekt påverkan på personen. Direkt påverkan innebär ett lidande orsakat av kroppsliga och psykiska symtom. Indirekt påverkan menas med ett livslångt lidande som påverkar personernas relation med sig själv, närstående och samhället. 

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  • Zenkert, Julia
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Bemötandet en del av återhämtningsprocessen för patienter som självskadar2025Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund Psykisk hälsa anses idag vara en mänsklig rättighet och alla människor har rätt till det trotts psykisk sjukdom/ besvär. Självskadebeteende är ett svårdefinierat begrepp där det finns två olika spår med förklaringar av begreppet. För att kunna ge god vård behövs förståelse för varför självskada idag används för att dämpa svåra känslor och hur sjuksköterskan kan skapa en relation med patienten. Syfte Belysa sjuksköterskors erfarenheter med att möta patienter som självskadar. Metod En kvalitativ litteraturstudie med induktiv ansats. Kvalitativ tematisk innehållsanalys med syfte att belysa sjuksköterskors erfarenhet av att möta patienter med självskadebeteende. Resultat Tre olika huvudteman med två underteman i varje. Bemötande och delaktighet ökar återhämtningen; Värna om patientens delaktighet och Bemötande påverkar återhämtningen, Mötet med patienter som självskadar; Mötet med patienten påverkar sjuksköterskans förståelse och Känslor försvårar i mötet med patienter och Att kunna känna sig säker i vården som ges; Avsaknad av kunskap skapar osäkerhet och Vårdsystemets uppbyggnad försvårar vården. Diskussion Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter med självskada påverkas av kunskapsnivåer, känslomässig påverkan samt betydelsen av bemötandet av patienten. Bemötandet är avgörande för återhämtningsprocessen. Bemötandet påverkas av den känslomässiga påverkan som självskadebeteende kan ge. Kunskapsluckor identifieras vilka skapar osäkerhet och stress hos sjuksköterskan. Ökade kunskaper kan förbättra vårdkvalitén samt minska utbrändhet. Etiska aspekter i relation till resultat, tidigare forskning och teoretisk referensram diskuteras. Studiens styrkor och svagheter lyfts. 

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  • Kristensen, Ola
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Patientupplevelser av att leva med hemodialys: En litteraturöversikt2025Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Det estimerades att 10% av världens befolkning påverkas av kronisk njursjukdom. Kronisk njursjukdom innebar en försämring av njurens förmåga att filtrera blodet, det påverkade den glomerulära filtrationshastigheten (GFR). När GFR nådde en filtrationshastighet under 15ml/min indikerade det att den kronsika njursjukdomen progriderat till njursvkit. Det innebar att njurarna inte längre klarade av att filtrera blodet och patienten var då i behov av hemodialysbehandling. Att leva med hemodialysbehandling hade en påverkan på deras dagliga liv både fysiskt, psykiskt, socialt och andligt. Syfte: Syftet med arbetet var att beskriva njursvikt patienters upplevelser av att leva med hemodialysbehandling på dialysmottagning. Metod: Arbetet utfördes som en allmän litteraturöversikt. Författaren använde cinahl och pubmed för att söka litteratur och använde sig av kvalitativ innehållsanalys för att analysera litteraturen. Resultat: Resultatet formade fyra kategorier, begränsad av behandlingen, en emotionell börda, behov av stöd och viljan att bli frisk. Fynden syftade till att patienterna som genomgick hemodialysbehandlingen begränsades av sin behandling på flera sätt och blev tvungna att ta stöd från närstående för att klara av sin vardag. Slutsats: Patienternas livsvärld påverkades av hemodialysbehandling och behövde stöd från både närstående och vårdgivare för att hantera behandlingen och acceptera sin situation.

  • Foleby, Frida
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Sjöstrand, Linnéa
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Sjuksköterskans upplevelser av att arbeta med patientsäkerhet2025Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Varje år mister 2,6 miljoner patienter sina liv till följd av bristande patientsäkerhet inom den somatiska slutenvården. Det handlar om vårdskador som uppkommer i samband med inläggningar på slutenvårdsenheter. Dessa vårdskador hade alla kunnat förebyggas men på grund av bristande faktorer inom sjukvården uppstår det trots allt vårdskador. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva sjuksköterskans upplevelse av att arbeta med patientsäkerhet inom den somatiska slutenvården. Metod: En litteraturöversikt genomfördes med vetenskapliga artiklar från databaserna PubMed och CINAHL. Totalt användes 10 i resultatet. Dessa analyserade enligt en tematisk analys. Resultat: Det framkom två huvudteman efter analysen. Sjuksköterskans professionella yrkesroll med underteman: betydelsen av kommunikation, det professionella ansvaret och bristande kompetens. Påverkan av sjuksköterskans välmående med underteman: hög arbetsbelastning och arbetsmiljös förutsättningar. Resultatet visade att patientsäkerheten blir hotad av brister i kommunikation och kompetens. Välmående hos sjuksköterskan är även det en betydande faktor till bristande patientsäkerhet. Slutsats: Genom att ha en kännedom av olika svagheter inom organisationen så kan bristande patientsäkerhet förebyggas och vårdlidandet minskas. Sjuksköterskan bär ett stort ansvar när det kommer till att kunna erbjuda evidensbaserad vård och måste därför hålla sina kunskaper uppdaterade genom hela arbetslivet.

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  • Bruchfeld, Samuel
    et al.
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Djärv, Therese
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Riva, Gabriel
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Israelsson, Johan
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Region Kalmar County, Sweden.
    Bremer, Anders
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Årestedt, Kristofer
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Ohm, Joel
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Aetiology of In-hospital Cardiac arrest and Long-Term Survival after the first 30 days: Insights from the Swedish Registry for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation2026In: Resuscitation, ISSN 0300-9572, E-ISSN 1873-1570, Vol. 219, article id 110972Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim: To investigate whether the aetiology of in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) is associated with long-term survival after 30-day survival.

    Methods: A nationwide registry-based cohort study was conducted using the Swedish Registry for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Adult IHCA patients in Sweden between 2018 and 2023 who survived ≥30 days were included. Aetiologies were merged into six categories (myocardial ischemia [reference], other cardiac, pulmonary, infectious, haemorrhagic and other non-cardiac). Cox (proportional hazards) regression models were used to estimate crude and multivariable adjusted (demographics, comorbidities, arrest characteristics) hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs for all-cause mortality.

    Results: Among 2692 30-day survivors (median age 71 years; 67% male), 886 deaths (33%) occurred over a median 3.7-year follow-up; overall one‑year survival was 86%. In the fully adjusted model, higher hazards of death were observed for infectious (HR 1.79, 95% CI 1.30–2.47), haemorrhagic (1.71, 1.20–2.43), and pulmonary aetiologies (1.61, 1.24–2.11), compared to myocardial ischemia. No difference was observed for cardiac and other non‑cardiac aetiologies.

    Conclusions: Aetiology of in-hospital cardiac arrest is independently associated with long‑term prognosis after 30‑day survival. Compared with myocardial ischemia, infectious, haemorrhagic and pulmonary causes are associated with higher long‑term mortality. These findings support aetiology‑informed follow‑up after IHCA.

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  • Svensson, Anna
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Shatynska, Olha
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    I vårdande beredskap: En integrativ litterauröversikt av sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att möta kvinnor utsatta för partnervåld2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Över en fjärdedel av världens kvinnor har blivit utsatta för partnervåld, vilket leder till svåra konsekvenser för både den enskilda kvinnan och samhället. De utsatta kvinnorna söker sig ofta till hälso- och sjukvården, vilket innebär att sjuksköterskor har en central roll i mötet med denna patientgrupp. Det finns en osäkerhet hos sjuksköterskor kring hantering av partnervåld då det råder en brist på rutiner, kunskap och utbildning i ämnet.

    Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva hur sjuksköterskor upplever vårdmöten med kvinnor utsatta för partnervåld.

    Metod: Uppsatsen genomfördes som en litteraturöversikt av kvalitativ forskning med elva vetenskapliga originalartiklar. Dessa analyserades med hjälp av Fribergs analysmetod i fem steg för integrativ litteraturöversikt. [UH1] 

    Resultat: Efter genomförd analys identifierades flera faktorer som präglar sjuksköterskors upplevelser av möten med kvinnor utsatta för partnervåld. Dessa faktorer presenteras i tre huvudkategorier: Beredskap och organisatoriska faktorer, Kulturella faktorer och Vårdrelation, samt åtta underkategorier: [UH2] Vikten av utbildning och kunskap, Rutiner och policys, Tidsbrist och arbetsbelastning, Vikten av att samarbeta i team, Normer och föreställningar, Den stödjande sjuksköterskan, Sjuksköterskans känslomässiga påverkan, Säkerhet och trygghet för kvinnan och Säkerhet och trygghet för sjuksköterskan.

    Slutsats: När sjuksköterskor möter kvinnor utsatta för partnervåld krävs lyhördhet och trygghet för att skapa en vårdande relation. För att detta ska vara möjligt behövs det ökad kunskap, tydliga riktlinjer och ett gott teamarbete.

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    I vårdande beredskap
  • Chrzanowska, Aleksandra
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Lelova, Izabela
    Att vårda på distans: En allmän kvalitativ litteraturöversikt om allmänsjuksköterskans upplevelser av att arbeta med E-hälsa2025Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Digitalisering inom hälso- och sjukvården har lett till ändrande arbetsvillkor för allmänsjuksköterskan och skapar nya förusättningar för omvårdnad, kommunikation och beslutsfattande. E-hälsa kan stärka tillgänglighet, kontinuitet i vården och patientdelaktighet. Trots tilltagande digitalisering saknas en fördjupad försåtelse av allmänsjuksköterskans upplevelser av att arbeta med E-hälsa. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva allmänsjuksköterskans upplevelser av användandet av E-hälsa. Metod: En allmän kvalitativ litteraturöversikt med induktiv ansats genomfördes i studien. Tio kvalitativa vetenskapliga artiklar från Norden analyserades enligt Fribergs integerade analysmodell bestående av fem steg. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i tre huvudkategorier; Allmänsjuksköterskans upplevelser av E-hälsa som stöd för relation, trygghet och egenvård, allmänsjuksköterskans profesionella roll inom E-hälsa och förändrade arbetsprocesser samt E-hälsans begränsningar enligt allmänsjuksköterskan. Allmänsjuksköterskor upplevde att E-hälsa stärker kontinuitet, närhet och trygghet i vårdrelationen genom ökad tillgänglighet och möjlighet till snabb uppföljning. Digitala arbetssätt skapar utmaningar då kliniska bedömningar behövde genomföras utan fysisk kontakt. Det ställer ökade krav på sjuksköterskans professionella omdöme. Större begränsade faktorer identifierades såsom organisatoriska brister, tekniska hinder och ökad arbetsbelastning. Slutsats: E-hälsa skapar förusättningar för att stärka vårdrelationen, delaktighet och främjar kontinutieten i vården. Däremot är vårdkvaliteten beroende av allmänsjuksköterskans kliniska och kommunikativa kompetens samt erfarenhet. Vård på distans kräver anpassning av arbetssätt för att upprätthålla patientsäkerhet, personcenterad vård och etisk hållbar omvårdnad. För att använda E-hälsa som långsiktigt stöd inom hälso-och sjukvården krävs tydligare riktlinjer, utbildning och en god arbetsmiljö. Det krävs även mer forskning inom området för att kunna integrera E-hälsa i hälso- och sjukvården utan att de nya arbetssätten påverkar patientsäkerheten och leder till ökad arbetsbelastning. 

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  • Erlandsson, Trixi
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Möllerström Boubcher, Maria
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Att involvera närstående i rättspsykiatrisk vård: En studie om vårdpersonalens erfarenheter, utmaningar och möjligheter2026Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Family involvement is highlighted in research as a central componentof family-centered psychiatric nursing and as an important factor for patientrecovery within forensic psychiatric care. Despite this, previous studies show thatstructured approaches to involving family members are only partially implemented,and the forensic context is characterized by legal, organizational, and relationalchallenges.

    Aim: The aim of this study was to explore factors that facilitate or hinder staff inforensic psychiatric inpatient care from involving family members in the careprocess.

    Methods: A mixed-method approach with a descriptive cross-sectional design wasused. An anonymous questionnaire was distributed to staff in forensic psychiatricinpatient care, and 42 responses were analyzed. Quantitative data were presenteddescriptively, and qualitative free-text responses were analyzed using thematicanalysis following Braun and Clarke.

    Results: Staff described family members as valuable resources in the care process;however, opportunities to involve them were constrained by confidentialityregulations, time limitations, unclear routines, and varying organizationalconditions. Most participants lacked training in family-centered practices andexpressed a need for further competence development. The thematic analysisresulted in five themes reflecting organizational structures, leadership andprofessional support, ethical and legal dilemmas, communication and relationalfactors, and perspectives on future development.

    Conclusion: The study identifies a clear implementation gap between intentions andthe practical conditions for involving family members. Strengthening familycentered approaches requires clearer routines, educational initiatives, reflectiveforums, and engaged leadership. A more consistent structure may enhance patientrecovery and improve support for family members within forensic psychiatricsettings.

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  • Bengtsson, Karin
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Political Science.
    Algorithmic Political Exposure and TikTok Majority Demographics - Right-Wing Populist Content and Young Swedish Women On TikTok2025Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Social media platforms are increasingly dominated by right-wing populist (RWP) messaging, often attributed to the alignment between algorithmic recommendation systems and the emotionally charged, simplified style of RWP communication. On platforms like X and YouTube, dominated by young male users - most likely to hold RWP attitudes - this dynamic is unsurprising. However, TikTok in Sweden is primarily used by young women, a demographic more likely to hold progressive views. Despite this, Swedish political TikTok remains heavily influenced by RWP content. This study investigates the extent to which young Swedish women are exposed to RWP content on TikTok using a sock puppet audit method. Artificial accounts were designed to simulate the behavior of this demographic and observed over time. Results show minimal political content exposure overall, with RWP content appearing only marginally. These findings suggest that young women are algorithmically underexposed to political content, not due to a lack of interest, but because their behavioral patterns generate weak engagement signals. From a feminist perspective, the study highlights how algorithmic systems can structurally marginalize less visible political engagement, raising broader concerns about democratic participation in algorithmically curated media environments. 

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  • Schölin, Isabell
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Moesby Fredriksdotter, Emilia
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Att bygga band genom glaset: En litteraturöversikt om vårdnadshavares upplevelser av allmänsjuksköterskans stöd vid anknytning på neonatalavdelning2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Prematura barns instabila tillstånd och den högteknologiska vårdmiljön på neonatalavdelning kan skapa en negativ påverkan på anknytningen mellan vårdnadshavare och dess prematura barn. Allmänsjuksköterskans stöd till vårdnadshavarna är därför central och det är av stor vikt att sammanställa vårdnadshavarnas upplevelse av detta.

    Syfte: Att sammanställa vårdnadshavares upplevelser av hur allmänsjuksköterskan stödjer dem i anknytningsprocessen till sitt prematura barn som vårdas på neonatalavdelning.

    Metod: En kvalitativ litteraturöversikt med induktiv ansats. Genom en strukturerad litteratursökning i databaserna CINAHL, PubMed och PsycINFO identifierades tio kvalitativa originalartiklar som sedan analyserades med hjälp av Fribergs fem stegs metod.

    Resultat: Två teman identifierades emotionellt stöd och praktiskt stöd tillsammans med fem subteman trygghetsskapande bemötande, känslomässig bekräftelse och stöd i att hantera osäkerhet samt främjad delaktighet och tillgodosett informationsbehov. Vårdnadshavarna upplevde stöd genom att sjuksköterskan visade empati, ingav en känsla av trygghet och bekräftelse samt lät vårdnadshavarna observera och lära sig hur den medicintekniska utrustningen fungerade. Dessa metoder hjälpte vårdnadshavarna att stärka anknytningen till det prematura barnet.

    Slutsats: Litteraturöversikten konstaterade att vårdnadshavarna var i stort behov av stöd från allmänsjuksköterskan för att hantera de utmaningar som prematur födsel innebär i anknytningsprocessen. Fysisk kontakt, delaktighet och information beskrevs som centrala delar som tillsammans med trygghet främjade anknytningen. 

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  • Börjesson, Aliona
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Alsayegh, Marina
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Older adults’ experiences of mind wandering in everyday life: A qualitative study2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Mind wandering refers to spontaneous shifts of attention from the current task or environment toward internally generated thoughts. While mind wandering has been frequently examined using quantitative approaches, there is limited in-depth qualitative research on this topic. The aim of this study was to explore how older adults experience episodes of mind wandering in their everyday lives. Eight adults aged 65–83 years participated in semi-structured interviews, which were analyzed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis. The analysis resulted in four themes: Relationships as anchors in wandering thoughts, Mind wandering as serving multiple psychological functions, Time and events shaping mind wandering, and Experiencing a deeper sense of connection. 

    Participants described mind wandering in later adulthood as a meaningful and dynamic experience rather than a random distraction. It was closely linked to emotionally significant relationships and to serving essential psychological functions. Mind wandering was also described as changing over time and as being increasingly linked to experiences of presence, gratitude, and connection. Importantly, both intentional and unintentional forms of mind wandering were present within the same individuals. The findings suggest that mind wandering may play a complex role in emotional processing and meaning-making in later life. 

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  • Karlsson, Filip
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Political Science.
    När säkerhet leder till osäkerhet: En analys av Kina och Japan i det Östkinesiska havet2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This study aims to examine how China´s increased power and securityenhancing actions in the East China Sea have changed Japan´s security policy during the period 1995-2025. By using a qualitative case study and a process tracing, the analysis applies neorealism and rational-choice-theory to explore the causal mechanisms that link China´s military growth and economic power to Japan´s changing defense policy. These findings indicate that a security dilemma is taking form between the two countries. Whereby mutual defense capabilities have increased the instability in the East China Sea. 

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  • Kozak, Ivanna
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of computer science and media technology (CM).
    Using Generative AI to Create Text- and Audio-Based Summaries of Educational Textbooks2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This bachelor thesis investigates the use of generative artificial intelligence for automated processing of educational textbooks by first generating textual summaries and then using these summaries to produce audio-based learning content. The motivation for this work stems from the difficulty many school students face when engaging with traditional educational textbooks in Ukraine, which often present dense, static text that is not adapted to diverse learning needs, as well as from the high effort required to manually create alternative explanations and supplementary materials.

    The project proposes an automated pipeline that processes school textbook chapters by extracting their structure, segmenting the content into chapters, and generating rewritten explanatory narratives for each chapter using large language models. Rather than performing simple summarization, the generated texts aim to preserve the essential factual content of the original material while presenting it in a clearer, more engaging, and student-friendly form. The generated explanations are additionally converted into audio format using textto-speech technology to support multimodal consumption of the content.

    A controlled experimental methodology is employed to explore how different prompting strategies and generation parameters influence the quality of the generated summary content. The evaluation focuses on semantic similarity between the original textbook content and the generated explanations, using established automatic metric.

    The experimental results show average BERTScore F1 values between 0.71 and 0.74 across all evaluated conditions; based on these findings, it can be concluded that prompt design constitutes the primary factor influencing semantic similarity between the original textbook content and the generated explanations, while the effect of temperature variation within the tested range remains limited.

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  • Türk, Adrienn
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Marketing and Tourism Studies (MTS).
    van Duijnhoven, Aniek
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Marketing and Tourism Studies (MTS).
    Khan, Amna
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Marketing and Tourism Studies (MTS).
    Digital Influence: Social Media’s Impact on Gen Z Travel Intentions2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 15 credits / 22,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This research paper set out to examine how social media influences the travel behaviour of Gen Z tourists. The role of digital platforms in tourism planning is growing, which is why this study will address the following research question: In what ways does social media influence Gen Z tourists’ travel intentions and/or behaviours? To answer this question, a qualitative abductive research design was used. Twelve structured interviews were conducted with European Gen Z respondents, focusing on social media usage, trust, and travel-related decision-making. The findings showed that social media influences travel behaviour in multiple ways. It influences how destinations are perceived through visual content. Additionally, social media platforms play a big role in how Gen Z tourists evaluate and verify the authenticity of the information brought forward in user-generated content and influencer marketing. Lastly, it activates both push- and pull-motivations. The study concludes that Gen Z actively engages with social media content. It contributes to the formation of perception, and can provide motivational triggers that help the conversion of interest into actual behaviour. The findings contribute to existing tourism literature by showing exactly how online credibility and the way we see digital content can influence modern-day travel choices. Future studies should now look into how different apps affect that process, how AI-generated content is changing tourism, and how these digital influences may change over time.

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  • Sakharova, Ekaterina
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Marketing and Tourism Studies (MTS).
    Ershov, Daniil
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Marketing and Tourism Studies (MTS).
    Visitor Experience at Popular Attractions in Stockholm: Interpreting TripAdvisor Reviews Through the Lens of Overtourism2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis examines visitor experiences at popular attractions in Stockholm, Sweden, through the lens of overtourism. Focusing on a destination where overtourism is not generally acknowledged as a problem, the study explores whether early signs of visitor pressure can be identified through visitors’ own interpretations of their experiences at popular attractions. The study is based on a qualitative content analysis of 778 TripAdvisor reviews describing visits to seven attractions that took place between November 2024 and October 2025. Recurring themes in the reviews were identified and interpreted in relation to overtourism indicators discussed in existing literature.

    The findings indicate that themes related to visitor pressure, such as perceived crowding and long queues, consistently emerge across the analyzed attractions. However, these experiences are primarily situational and time-dependent rather than constant or structural. Visitor pressure is most often linked to specific times, peak periods, events, or spatial bottlenecks, and frequently coexists with positive overall evaluations when the experience is perceived as valuable. When expectations are not met, crowding and waiting times become more salient sources of dissatisfaction. The analysis further shows that perceived visitor pressure manifests differently across attraction settings, without suggesting clear differences in overtourism risk.

    The study contributes to theory by advancing the understanding of overtourism from a visitor experience perspective and by showing how user-generated content can be used to examine socio-psychological tourism demand capacity. From a practical perspective, the findings illustrate how qualitative analysis of online reviews can support attraction management and destination planning by identifying early-stage forms of visitor pressure

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  • Brostedt, Carl-Mikael
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Marketing and Tourism Studies (MTS).
    Dahl, Per Alfred Samuel
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Marketing and Tourism Studies (MTS).
    Determinants of Seniors’ Wellness Tourism Motivation: A Quantitative Study in Kalmar2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Wellness tourism has gained increasing importance in relation to population ageing and the growing focus on health, well-being, and active aging. As older adults represent a rapidly expanding segment within tourism markets, there is a need to better understand the factors that motivate seniors to engage in wellness-oriented travel. The purpose of this study is to examine which motivational factors related to health and social well-being influence seniors in Kalmar to participate in wellness tourism, with particular attention to the role of health status, mobility, and economic situation.

    The study applies a quantitative research approach using a structured paper-based questionnaire distributed to seniors aged 60 and above in the Kalmar region, Sweden. A total of 55 valid responses were collected and analysed using descriptive statistics, reliability testing, and Pearson correlation analysis. Motivational dimensions related to health, social interaction, recovery, and engagement in wellness tourism were examined in relation to respondents’ perceived health status, mobility, and economic ability.

    The findings show that seniors’ motivation for wellness tourism is primarily driven by health-related, social, and recovery-oriented factors. Health status is positively associated with all major motivational dimensions, indicating that seniors who perceive themselves as healthier are more motivated to engage in wellness travel. Social motivation emerged as the strongest motivational factor, highlighting the importance of social interaction and emotional well-being. Economic ability was found to influence health and recovery motivation, while mobility showed no significant relationship with motivational factors. Overall, wellness tourism is perceived by seniors as a purposeful activity linked to long-term well-being.

    This study contributes to the understanding of senior wellness tourism by providing empirical insights from a Northern European context. The findings offer implications for tourism research and for the development of accessible, ethical, and sustainable wellness tourism strategies that support active and healthy aging.

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  • Fuglsang Knopp, Jenny
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Management (MAN).
    Delaktighet i förändring: En kvalitativ studie om medarbetares syn på delaktighet under ett förändringsarbete inom kommunal förvaltning2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Participation is often highlighted as a key success factor when it comes to change processes,including in the public sector. Despite this, previous research shows that participation is notalways experienced as meaningful by employees. The purpose of this study is to increaseunderstanding of how employees experience their participation in connection with changework and how they perceive the importance of leadership for this participation in a municipalorganization.

    The study has a qualitative research design based on semi-structured interviews withemployees who participated in a change process that involved a move to new premises andchanged working methods. We have analyzed our empirical material with the support oftheories linked to participation, real and symbolic participation, formal and informalparticipation and followership.

    The results show that participation in this context is not experienced as an actualpower-sharing but rather as a subjective and relational process. Employees describeparticipation in terms of being listened to, receiving information and feeling included, not asinfluencing overall decisions. The analysis also shows that leadership has a central role whenit comes to how participation is experienced. It is about how information is communicated,how frameworks for influence are clarified and how feedback is conveyed. If these conditionsare not met, the experience of participation risks becoming symbolic, which can have anegative impact on followership and result in reduced commitment and passivity.

    The theoretical contribution of the paper is to show how participation is co-created in themeeting between leadership and followership, even in contexts where the formal scope foraction is limited, for example in municipal change processes. In practical terms, the studycontributes knowledge that can support organizations and managers to create meaningfulparticipation in future change efforts.

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  • Gholibeigi, Lilly
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Management (MAN).
    Cattani, Johannes
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Management (MAN).
    Att mäta det man hoppas på: Hur nyttor definieras, konkretiseras och planeras vid utvecklingsinitiativ inom Kronofogdemyndigheten2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Nyttorealisering har under senare år fått en central roll i styrningen av IT-utvecklingsinitiativ inom offentlig sektor, där krav på effektivitet, transparens och ansvarstagande är framträdande. Trots etablerade modeller och riktlinjer visar tidigare forskning att nyttorealisering i praktiken ofta präglas av utmaningar kopplade till konkretisering, uppföljning och ansvarsfördelning. Utifrån detta är kunskapen om hur nyttorealisering faktiskt förstås och används i tidiga skeden av utvecklingsarbete fortfarande begränsad. Syftet med denna studie är att analysera hur nyttorealisering förstås och används på Kronofogdemyndigheten i planerings- och tidiga genomförandefaser av IT-utvecklingsinitiativ. Fokus ligger på hur nyttor identifieras, konkretiseras och planeras innan ansvar övergår till linjeverksamheten, samt vilken roll nyttor spelar i myndighetens styrning och prioritering. Studien har genomförts med en kvalitativ forskningsansats och bygger på semistrukturerade intervjuer med fyra respondenter i centrala roller inom myndighetens utvecklingsavdelning. Det empiriska materialet har analyserats tematiskt med stöd av tidigare forskning om nyttorealisering. Resultaten visar att nyttorealisering i första hand används som besluts- och motiveringsunderlag. Nyttor används för att motivera och jämföra satsningar under osäkerhet, snarare än som bindande mål för framtida realisering. Vidare visar studien att krav på mätbarhet och dokumentation påverkar vilka nyttor som konkretiseras och ges genomslag, där kvantifierbara nyttor prioriteras framför mer komplexa och svårmätbara effekter. Studien visar också att ansvar för nyttorealisering är tydligast i planeringsfasen men fragmenteras över tid vilket begränsar nyttors funktion som underlag i styrningen i senare faser. Studien ger därmed en fördjupad förståelse för hur förutsättningar för nyttorealisering formas i en myndighetskontext och vilken roll nyttor får i tidiga skeden av IT-utvecklingsarbete. 

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  • Marie, Mohamad
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Political Science. Linnaeus University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Studies.
    From Unipolarity to Multipolarity: The Al-Aqsa Flood and the Acceleration of Structural Changein International Politics2026Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis examines how the Al-Aqsa Flood Operation (October 2023)accelerated an already precarious shift from U.S.-led unipolarity to adisputed multipolar order. Based on a comprehensive model of StructuralRealism, Constructivism, Complex Interdependence and Power TransitionTheory, it studies a time horizon of 23 points through to January 2026. Theconflict became a systemic catalyst: It underscored the decline of hegemonictools used to manage power, military strength, political dominance,diplomatic power and legal choices and allowed alternate actors to exercisebargaining power. Key indicators include the failure of overwhelming forceto meet political aims in Gaza; successful legal challenges at the ICJ/ICC;overwhelming UN support for Palestinian statehood; and a tangibleconsequence of transnational movements such as BDS. Findings confirm thatthe operation intensified long-standing multipolar trends, visibly erodingWestern normative hegemony and empowering a coordinated coalition ofuncooperative Global South states and non-state networks. Their conclusionsare that such inflection points serve to remind the world of the fact thatcontemporary power transitions bring about simultaneous relocations ofmaterial, normative and institutional authority. This poses deep difficultiesfor global governance and conflict resolution in a time of strategicuncertainty and institutional fragmentation.

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  • Andersson, Christine
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Department of Cultural Sciences.
    Öberg, Stina
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Department of Cultural Sciences.
    ”När de googlar på saker så är det första länken man går in på och sedan är man nöjd med det”: En studie om gymnasiebibliotekariers pedagogiska roll i undervisning i medie- och informationskunnighet (MIK) i en digital tid2025Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

     In order to participate actively and exercise democratic rights in today’s digital society, an understanding of Media and Information Literacy (MIL) is crucial. The Swedish school system plays an important role in teaching students skills related to information seeking, source criticism and source credibility. Since July 1, 2025, the Swedish Education Act requires all schools at compulsory and upper secondary level to have a school library, primarily composed of personnel holding a degree in Library and Information Science or an equivalent qualification. This study therefore aims to examine the pedagogical role of upper secondary school librarians in the teaching of MIL in relation to digitalisation, with a specific focus on information seeking and the evaluation of information. The study addresses both the librarians’ teaching practices, as well as how these are influenced by interaction with subject teachers. This study is qualitative in nature and is based on semi-structured interviews with eight Swedish upper secondary school librarians. The empirical data is analysed using Sociomateriality and Kuhlthau’s Pedagogical roles of the librarian. The theoretical perspectives complement each other where Kuhlthau’s framework highlights pedagogical interaction while Sociomateriality sheds light on the material aspects of teaching in a digital environment. 

    The results show that the librarians’ teaching in MIL apply to all of Kuhlthau’s roles, even though the role of instructor appears to be the most prominent. AI and digital platforms are of great importance in MIL instruction, and digital materiality is a central aspect, as the librarians emphasise the need for information sources to be evaluated in relation to their specific contexts and within the infrastructures in which they exist. The findings further indicate that instruction is affected by students’ limited prior knowledge of MIL. Developing a critical approach to information among students is essential, as well as teaching source credibility. According to the results, the librarians express a desire for increased collaboration with subject teachers, but report experiencing a certain resistance from the latter, as well as a lack of understanding of their professional role from school management. Digitalisation, however, and particularly the emergence of generative AI, appears to have a positive impact on the interaction between librarians and teachers, and seems to enhance the pedagogical role of the librarian.

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  • Stenbäck, Sofie
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Education.
    Speciallärares kompetens och skolsamverkan: En studie om samverkan mellan speciallärare, rektorer och lärare vid organisering av undervisning för elevers läsutveckling i de tidiga skolåren2025Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet är att undersöka hur speciallärare, rektorer och lärare kan samverka med fokus på hur speciallärares kompetens kan användas vid organisering av undervisning för att stödja alla elevers läsutveckling under de tidiga skolåren. Nio informanter har intervjuats semistrukturerat, där varje profession representeras av tre individer. Hermeneutisk ansats användes vid tolkningsförfarandet. Med hjälp av kontextuell analys utkristalliserades fyra samverkansaspekter som nödvändiga för att stödja alla elevers läsutveckling; strukturella förutsättningar, behovsstyrd organisering av insatser, extern resurs och integrerade insatser. Samverkansaspekterna analyserades utifrån teorin av Zarate, Hughes och Maggin (2023) om speciallärarledarskap. Resultatet visar att speciallärares kompetens är väsentlig när det gäller att proaktivt leda organisering av samverkan för utveckling av undervisning avseende elevers läsutveckling i de tidiga skolåren genom specifik specialpedagogisk kunskap om behovsanalys, möjliga stödformer och lämplig handledning samt kunskap om specialpedagogisk policy och praktik.

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  • Bahtic, Sarah
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Studies.
    Challenges in Improving Afghan Women’s Rights: An analysis of International Legal and Economic Interventions After the Taliban’s Return to Power in 20212026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    As of 2023, Afghanistan is regarded as one of the worst countries in the world for women. Following the Taliban's return to power in 2021, previous progress in women's rights has declined, while the humanitarian situation has deteriorated. Women face restrictions, including bans on education and employment. The international community has responded through economic sanctions and international conventions. Despite these efforts, women's living conditions remain unchanged. This study therefore analyses the paradox of why international economic and legal interventions have failed to uphold women's rights. 

    Using an inductive analysis of policy documents from the CEDAW Committee and reports by the U.S Congressional Research Service, this study applies feminist institutionalism to explain why international interventions have failed to improve women's rights in Afghanistan. Legal interventions have been largely ineffective due to the dismantling of domestic legal institutions, reliance on general calls for action rather than enforceable measures, and the framing of women's rights as part of a broader humanitarian crisis rather than a distinct issue. Economic interventions have also fallen short not because of sanctions themselves, but because they were interpreted and implemented in ways that disrupted humanitarian assistance. 

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  • Casas, Izabella
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Marketing and Tourism Studies (MTS).
    Schütt, Jenny
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Marketing and Tourism Studies (MTS).
    Fransson, Johanna
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Marketing and Tourism Studies (MTS).
    Travelling with Caution: The perception of barriers hidden within tourism experiences for those with a food allergy or intolerance2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

     This thesis examines how food allergies and intolerances act as barriers to tourist participation in tourism experiences. It follows a qualitative methodology using semi-structured interviews, exploring how different individuals can navigate the risk they experience related to food, encountering issues with trust, communication and other social aspects while partaking in tourism activities. The findings showcase an array of different barriers, involving practical aspects, including issues with safe food options, cross contamination risks, finance and awareness, as well as emotional and psychological constraints, which include stress, exclusion and anxiety. Trust is largely discussed in terms of staff, food labelling and routines for organisation, which can determine whether an interviewee is willing to participate in activities, which language barriers and communication can also have an impact on. “Risk-loaded” consumption is a concept that demonstrates the high-risks that can come along with eating when abroad, which can be shaped by the uncertainty and dependency of others. Therefore, this research creates a theoretical understanding of consumer vulnerability within tourism and discusses the different managerial, ethical and social implications that will help drive the change to a more inclusive and allergy friendly tourism industry.

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  • Yang, Qiyuan
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Marketing and Tourism Studies (MTS).
    Aoun, Christopher
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Marketing and Tourism Studies (MTS).
    More Than a Trip: How Travel Experiences Transform Relationship Bond2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Couple travel, as a significant segment within the tourism industry, has been

    shown to enhance relationship satisfaction, cohesion, and flexibility. However, existing

    research often treats travel as a holistic event, with limited exploration of specific

    tourism elements that drive changes in intimacy during the journey. Through

    semi-structured interviews and constructivist approach, this study identifies key tourism

    elements that enhance intimacy and reveals their underlying mechanisms. Findings

    indicate that positive experiences with these elements significantly correlate with

    increased partner closeness. This research offers a nuanced perspective on how travel

    shapes intimate relationships and provides practical insights for designing

    couple-oriented tourism products.

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  • Medin, Alice
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Department of Film and Literature.
    Öde eller ansvar i No Country For Old Men : En studie om karaktärsutveckling och moral i bok och film2025Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This essay examines No Country For Old Men and the development of thecharacters, Llewelyn Moss and Sheriff Ed Tom Bell in relation to the mainantagonist, Anton Chigurh. In addition, i also compare how these characters areportrayed in the film adaption and the novel focusing on the differences that emergebetween the two media. Although the film is the main object. The method isimplemented trough a comparative analysis focusing on close reading of both thenovel and the film, which makes Identification of central scenes easier. The analysisdemonstrated that the novel and the film differ significantly in how charactersdevelopment is conveyed, particularly through internal perspective in the novel andvisual restraint in the film. The depth of both Chigurh and Bell was more prominentin the novel. However, throughout the analysis it becomes clears that Chigurh ́sactions affected the other main characters feelings and their choices. Nevertheless,Moss dies in the end of the story which doesn ́t give him a proper ending withChigurh and he also appears to be the one that’s least affected by Chigurh. WhileChigurh is partly involve in Bell ́s later resignment form is position as a policeofficer, hi also is his involved in Bells psychological well-being. Therefore, theperson who never meet Chigurh is the one with the biggest differences seen ascharacter.

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  • Lindgren, Viktoria
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Department of Cultural Sciences.
    Marjanovic Mijic, Mirjana
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Department of Cultural Sciences.
    “Ge mig en chans”: En studie om kompetenser hos bibliotekarier med utländsk bakgrund på svenska folkbibliotek2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    While librarian competencies constitute a well-researched field, librarians with an immigrant background represent a considerably less studied group. The aim of this study is to examine competencies and competence development among public librarians with an immigrant background, defined as individuals who migrated to Sweden in adulthood and who work in public libraries with a degree in Library and Information Science obtained either in Sweden or in their country of origin. The lack of an established subject term, combined with limited prior research, poses challenges particularly in a Swedish context.

    The study is based on nine semi-structured interviews with public librarians with an immigrant background, analyzed using thematic analysis supported by Lundmark’s (1998) competence analysis model and Ellström’s (1992) four theoretical perspectives on competence development. The analysis shows that the interviewed librarians experienced the greatest need to develop certain technical-professional, strategic and social competencies. Competence development primarily took place in line with the humanistic perspective, in which individuals’ own initiatives and everyday interaction with colleagues and managers played a central role, while the absence of training specifically targeted at this group also became apparent. There are also clear elements of the technical-rational perspective in formal and mandatory training, and to some extent of the institutional perspective. For some participants, the conflict-control perspective is also relevant. Linguistic challenges as well as organizational, structural, and social barriers emerged as the most prominent factors affecting both competence development and the ability to apply competencies in professional practice. At the same time, participants perceived that they were able to contribute to public library services through their background, particularly in terms of linguistic and cultural competencies, prior education and work experience, as well as experiences of migration and establishing themselves in a new country – and that these competencies are not being fully utilized. 

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  • Aspelund, Caroline
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Department of Cultural Sciences.
    Andersson, Jenny
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Department of Cultural Sciences.
    "Det är mer läsning i mitt liv.": En kvalitativ intervjustudie kring ljudboksanvändande och dess inverkan på individers inre och yttre liv.2025Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Mobile technology and streaming services have enabled new ways of experiencing literature. The audiobook has established itself as an important reading practice, which raises questions about how the reading format is used and experienced by readers. The study aims to investigate adult readers' experiences and perceived effects of aesthetic audiobook reading. The empirical investigation was carried out with a qualitative method strategy. Six qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted and then analyzed through a qualitative analysis method. The analysis was based on a targeted content analysis where Reader Response Theory and affordances were used as analysis tools to identify and interpret recurring themes and patterns, which were discussed in relation to previous research.

    The results show that the affordances of audiobooks create conditions for people to maintain or rediscover the joy of reading as they enable reading despite changing living conditions and societal changes. The accessibility, flexibility and mobility of the format are considered to be of particular importance. Listening to audiobooks can affect well-being in different ways depending on reading intentions as well as contribute to education and self-development. The results show that audiobooks are part of a complex media landscape where different media complement and compete with each other. Individual media use is variable, and different media can be used simultaneously, overlap or replace each other. The choice of medium is guided by a need or desire for a specific content or desired effect, which is influenced by individual experiences and perceptions.

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    "Det är mer läsning i mitt liv": En kvalitativ intervjustudie kring ljudboksanvändande och dess inverkan på individers inre och yttre liv.
  • Lamminmäki, Aleksandra
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Department of Film and Literature.
    Decentralizing the Construction of Exhibition History: The Case of FilmCentrum-Sydost2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This essay investigates archival documents found in Växjö’s Kulturarvscentrum Småland to explore the film exhibition practices of FilmCentrum-Sydost through the lenses of useful cinema and new film history. This regional branch of FilmCentrum has been hitherto unexplored, increasing the importance of delving into the study. The essay also illustrates the value of local archives as resources in the field of film historiography and reflects upon how illuminating microhistories can benefit our understanding of macro-histories.

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  • Prince, Ewa
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Department of Cultural Sciences.
    Daly, Iesha
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Department of Cultural Sciences.
    Inkluderande arbete på folkbibliotek: Läsfrämjande för barn och unga med funktionsnedsättningar2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study is to understand how librarians at public libraries can work with reading promotion towards children and young people with disabilities. The study is based on sociocultural theories as described by Vygotskij and Säljö combined with critical disability studies. The empirical material consists of eight qualitative semistructured interviews with ten librarians across Sweden with experience in reading promotion work with children and young people with disabilities. The results show that collaborations with schools and other organisations are a central part of the work and creating suiting programmes is another. An inclusive and welcoming library space is needed for everyone's opportunity to participate. Training and professional development can be used to build confidence in librarians and a supportive management that is able to give the librarians the time and resources they need are important.   

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  • Sumbera, Radim
    et al.
    University of South Bohemia, Czech Republic.
    Kraus, Andrea
    University of South Bohemia, Czech Republic.
    Mikula, Ondrej
    University of South Bohemia, Czech Republic;Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic.
    Okrouhlik, Jan
    University of South Bohemia, Czech Republic.
    Measey, John
    Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
    Begall, Sabine
    University of Duisburg Essen, Germany.
    Bennett, Nigel C.
    University of Pretoria, South Africa.
    Zöttl, Markus
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science. Kuruman River Reserve, South Africa.
    Herrel, Anthony
    Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), France.
    Lovy, Matej
    University of South Bohemia, Czech Republic.
    Breeding male mole-rats (Fukomys) use strong bites to defend reproductive monopoly2025In: Communications Biology, E-ISSN 2399-3642, Vol. 9, no 1, article id 66Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Bite force is a simple trait indicating an animal's performance related to foraging, social dominance, and defence, all of which influence individual reproductive success. We examine the effect of breeding status on bite force in four social species of Fukomys, a genus of subterranean African rodents (Bathyergidae). These species are cooperative breeders, where reproduction is limited typically to a breeding pair. We collected in vivo bite force data, head width, and upper incisors width from 404 individuals from 75 families and tested whether breeders exhibit stronger bite force. We reveal that breeding males of all four species outperform non-breeders, with bite force in non-breeding males and females being 12% and 22% lower, respectively. In contrast, breeding females underperform relative to other categories, with bite force approximately 31% lower than in breeding males, and many are reluctant to bite. Head width and upper incisors width corroborate these findings. We propose that breeding males require a stronger bite force because of repeated competition with non-related males that may try to enter the family. In contrast, there is much less competition for the breeding position among females, as females rarely intrude into established families.

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  • Zander, Stine
    et al.
    University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Winberg von Friesen, Lisa
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science. University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Goncalves-Araujo, Rafael
    Technical University of Denmark, Denmark.
    Grosso, Olivier
    University of Toulon, France.
    Benavides, Mar
    University of Toulon, France;Aix-Marseille University, France;University of Southampton, UK.
    Granskog, Mats A.
    Norwegian Polar Institute, Norway.
    Riemann, Lasse
    University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Contrasting Nitrogen Fixation Between Arctic and Atlantic Waters in the Fram Strait2025In: Microbial Ecology, ISSN 0095-3628, E-ISSN 1432-184X, Vol. 89, no 1, article id 26Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Nitrogen availability limits primary production in the Arctic Ocean, making it vital to understand its sources and sinks to predict future productivity. Although nitrogen fixation has been reported in the Arctic Ocean, data remain scarce, especially in the Atlantic sector. Here, we measured nitrogen fixation rates and examined diazotroph community composition across the Fram Strait, targeting Polar waters in the East Greenland Current, Atlantic waters in the West Spitsbergen Current, and their frontal zone. Nitrogen fixation was mainly low (< 1 nmol N L-1 d(-1)) in Polar waters, however, elevated at the one station in the Atlantic water sector (up to 10.15 nmol N L-1 d(-1)). Rates were only detectable in the epipelagic layer (0-100 m) across the strait and positively correlated with temperature, primary production, and chlorophyll-a fluorescence, and negatively correlated with coloured dissolved organic matter and silicate. The diazotrophs were dominated by non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs (NCDs; 77% of nifH amplicon reads), with an Arctic Betaproteobacterial group (order Rhodocyclales) accounting for 11% of sequence reads. This group was quantifiable (up to 6700 nifH gene copies L-1) within the West Spitsbergen Current and the frontal zone, where the highest nitrogen fixation and primary production occurred, and its prevalence was positively correlated with temperature. We propose that temperature and freshly produced dissolved organic matter influence the NCD-dominated nitrogen fixation in Fram Strait. Our study suggests that NCDs are key diazotrophs in Fram Strait, and that nitrogen fixation rates and their potential importance for primary production vary across the contrasting water masses entering and exiting the Arctic Ocean. We encourage future studies to quantify these nitrogen fluxes and evaluate their importance for productivity in the Arctic Ocean.

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  • Boufaied, Selma
    et al.
    Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden.
    Odisho, Marana
    Stockholm South General Hospital, Sweden.
    Bergman, Lina
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Mattsson, Janet
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Karolinska Institutet, Sweden;University of South-Eastern Norway, Norway.
    Parents' Perspectives of Child-Centred Care: A Qualitative Study With Parents After Paediatric Intensive Care Units Discharge2026In: Nursing in Critical Care, ISSN 1362-1017, E-ISSN 1478-5153, Vol. 31, no 1, article id e70300Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Paediatric intensive care units (PICU) need to take measures to include the child and the parents in their care regarding the child's cognitive ability. Partnerships must be based on respect and understanding, starting from the child's perspective and collaborating with the child and parents towards a common care plan.

    Aim: This study aimed to explore parents' experience of partnership with the child and the healthcare team in a paediatric intensive care unit to develop child-centred care further.

    Study Design: A qualitative explorative design was adopted as the study aimed to explore parents' own experiences. Ten mothers and ten fathers participated. Data was collected via narrative interviews. Data was analysed using inductive content analysis.

    Findings: The Findings of this study uncovered one main category: Safety as a key component of partnership, three categories: Information transfer, Collaboration in the team, Challenges for partnerships. The main Finding of this study uncovers how the context and the child-centred approach are connected and intertwined. Safety is the foundation of partnership and trust; without it, true collaboration thus, partnership or child-centred care cannot exist. The data analysis resulted in eight subcategories, three categories and one main category.

    Conclusions: It is when the context enables parents to be safe and trust their relations to the care team that they dare to have their child as the focus of the family context, dare to be involved in their child's care and develop a reciprocal relationship between carers, children and parents.

    Relevance to Clinical Practise: The findings highlight the need to promote collaborative partnerships by inviting parents to engage in care activities, providing clear explanations of procedures, encouraging questions, and validating parental observations regarding the child.

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  • Ingvarsson, Emelie
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Region Kalmar County, Sweden.
    Hagerman, Heidi
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Lindberg, Catharina
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Ekstedt, Mirjam
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Schildmeijer, Kristina
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Legislative compliance in coordinated care transitions: a mixed-method study of healthcare professionals' documentation and older adults' experiences2026In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, ISSN 1748-2623, E-ISSN 1748-2631, Vol. 21, no 1, article id 2615154Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose

    This study aimed to explore and describe how coordinated care transitions aligned with legislation when older adults are discharged from in-patient care to their homes.

    Methods

    A mixed-method (QUAL + qual) design was used. The core data component (QUAL) consisted of copies of 15 older adults' healthcare and social care records. The supplementary data component (qual) encompassed individual interviews. All data related to the same older adults, whose coordinated care transitions took place between January to June 2022. The analytical procedure followed a deductive thematic analysis.

    Results

    Findings showed that individual care plans were often missing or inadequately documented. Documentation of older adults' participation was frequently poor and inconsistent, with many decisions made without their input. However, some documents and interviews indicated that older adults had genuinely participated. The discrepancy between documented procedures and actual experiences reveals significant variability in older adults' inclusion.

    Conclusion

    This study highlights the frequent exclusion of older adults from coordinated care transition process and deficiencies in documentation. The findings underscore the urgent need for standardized and inclusive documentation practices, as well as improved communication strategies, to ensure more person-centred care transitions, in which older adults are genuinely involved and well-informed about their care transitions.

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  • Rahlff, Janina
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science. Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Germany;Leibniz Association, Germany.
    Amato, Pierre
    Universite Clermont Auvergne (UCA), France.
    A look into the virosphere of clouds: A world yet to be explored2026In: CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES, ISSN 2666-5174, Vol. 10, article id 100545Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Clouds are aqueous atmospheric systems hosting diverse and active microorganisms. Viruses may also persist despite harsh conditions, support active viral infections, and contribute to microbial dynamics during aerial transport. However, assessing viruses, and even more, virus-bacteria interactions in the atmospheric environment is highly challenging, and knowledge remains very limited. Here, based on current knowledge in cloud microbiology, we estimate the cloud virome at -1021 virus particles globally. One out of a million of cloud droplets is susceptible to host virus-bacteria interactions, which represents considerable volume at global scale, and we discuss potential implications for microbial ecology. We finally propose future research directions to explore further the cloud virosphere and its ecological roles.

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  • Frisborn, Thilde
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mathematics.
    Edh Fransson, Lilly
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mathematics.
    Björklund, Kajsa
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mathematics.
    Från procedur till förståelse2026Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Läromedel spelar en central roll i matematikundervisningen i de tidiga skolåren och

    påverkar i hög grad vilka matematiska förmågor elever ges möjlighet att utveckla.

    Syftet med studien är att synliggöra i vilken utsträckning läromedlen Favorit

    matematik och Singma matematik ger elever möjlighet att utveckla metod- och

    begreppsförmåga inom området taluppfattning, samt hur progressionen framträder

    från årskurs 1 till 3 i böckerna. Studien genomfördes som en deduktiv innehållsanalys

    med både kvalitativa och kvantitativa inslag, där uppgifter inom addition och

    subtraktion analyserades och kodades. Analysen utgår från Sfards teori om

    matematiskt lärande, med fokus på operationellt och strukturellt tänkande samt

    faserna interiorization, condensation och reification. Resultaten visar att båda

    läromedlen domineras av operationella uppgifter som främjar metodförmågan.

    Progressionen mellan årskurserna är tydlig i båda läromedlen, men reifikationsfasen

    förekommer i begränsad omfattning. Studien bidrar med en vidare förståelse för hur

    läromedels utformning kan påverka samt utvecklas för att bidra med att stödja elevers

    långsiktiga matematiska förståelse och ger viktiga didaktiska implikationer för lärare

    vid val och användning av läromedel.

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  • Hallin, Emil
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Political Science.
    The Modern Space Race: A Bright Frontier Or A Fragmented Arms Race: An analysis on the modern space race, its challenges and Issues and Influence from Political Tensions2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This bachelor thesis examines how international cooperation and global security dynamics shape the modern day space race. Space is a new frontier that increasingly becomes strategically important for states, especially areas and sectors that target cooperation, alliances and security threats have once again resurfaced. The use of securitization theory as a theoretical framework, this study aims to analyze and understand how space related activities are framed and how and why securitization matters. The five sectors that will be explored in this study is the military, political, economic, societal and environmental one. 

    This study is based on a qualitative text analysis that analyses major space actors and their goals like NASA, ESA, CNCA and other secondary international sources like news agencies. The empirical material gathered in this study focuses on major space cooperations and agreements between states and nations, including the International Space Station (ISS), International Lunar Research Station (ILRS), and the Artemis accords alongside NASA, but also recent and relevant conflicts and incidents like the Ukraine war, satellite interference and growing tensions between the United States, Russia and China.

    What the study found was what space is increasingly securitized across more than one sector. This securitization of space has led to strategic alliances and cooperation, the isolation of political blocs and the evergrowing gold rush to capture and seize valuable resources and assert technological domination in space. While the study does not rule out cooperation and mutual understandings when it comes to areas of shared interests and safety, like in orbital safety or mutual benefits, the geopolitical tensions of the world proves a certain untrust and unrest between states and alliances' ability to trust each other and collaborate further. The conclusion of this study states that securitization theory provides a useful framework for understanding the dichotomies and relationships between partners and adversaries in the modern space race and comes to the conclusion of a likelihood of a more fragmented and competitive securitized space order in the foreseeable future.

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  • Bah, Nyima
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Political Science.
    To examine Institutional Responses to Domestic Violence in The Gambia2026Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • Jonsson, Emelie
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Department of Cultural Sciences.
    Arkeologisk förmedling i tv-spel2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Archaeological mediation in video games

    Videos games make learning fun and a more engaging space. The purpose is to explore the ways video games can be relevant for archaeological mediation. Results from the web survey show that the participants experience joy and positive challenges, two important factors for a good learning environment and for a good gaming experience. The participants express the importance of video games that are scientifically accurate if archaeological mediation is present. Both participants and previous research are aware of the possibilities and risks of a video game for mediating archaeology. It’s important that the risks which include how the video games present ethics and morals are taken seriously if the aim is to create successful video games for archaeological mediation. Hopefully this thesis can be helpful for future research to better understand what possibilities and risks that holds for games inside didactic archaeology.

    Keywords: archaeological mediation, digitalization, video games, deep learning, immersive, didactics

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    Arkeologisk förmedling i tv-spel - Emelie Jonsson
  • Holmberg, Emma
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Department of Swedish Language.
    Ekofeministisk litteraturteori som didaktiskt verktyg: En analys av Moa Martinsons Kvinnor och äppelträd2026Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna studie undersöker hur ekofeministisk litteraturteori kan fungera som ett didaktiskt verktyg i svenskundervisningen på gymnasial nivå. Undersökningen baseras på en tematisk närläsning av Moa Martinsons Kvinnor och äppelträd (1933), där ett ekofeministiskt perspektiv används för att synliggöra de strukturella sambanden mellan kvinnoförtryck och exploatering av naturen i verket. Den litteraturvetenskapliga analysen följs av en didaktisk reflektion som, med utgångspunkt i hållbarhetsdidaktik, diskuterar den ekofeministiska litteraturteorins didaktiska potential i undervisningen. Resultaten visar att teorin rymmer betydande didaktiska möjligheter som väl överensstämmer med gymnasieskolans ämnes- och kursplaner, särskilt genom att främja elevers utveckling av kritiskt tänkande samt deras förståelse för komplexa samhälls- och hållbarhetsrelaterade frågor. Samtidigt visar resultaten att teorins didaktiska tillämpning förutsätter ett kollektivt tolkningsarbete, där gemensamma diskussioner och textsamtal utgör centrala pedagogiska metoder. Detta indikerar att förståelsen av ekofeminismens komplexa och delvis abstrakta frågeställningar utvecklas i interaktion med andra, där kollektivt meningsskapande i kombination med lärarens didaktiska vägledning utgör centrala förutsättningar för utvecklingen av en kritisk och hållbarhetsorienterad litterär kompetens.

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  • Nilsson, Lovisa
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Education.
    Cederborg, Diana
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Education.
    Pedagogisk dokumentation i förskolan: En kvalitativ studie om hur pedagoger resonerar om den pedagogiska dokumentationens möjligheter och begränsningar i relation till barns delaktighet och inflytande2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    I denna studie har syftet varit att undersöka hur tre arbetslag resonerar kring didaktiska val, pedagogisk dokumentation och miljöns betydelse i relation till barns möjlighet till delaktighet och inflytande i förskolan. Studien undersöker även hur barns lärprocesser synliggörs. Studien grundar sig på en kvalitativ forskningsmetod genom deltagande observationer. De genomförda deltagande observationerna utfördes på två Reggio Emilia-inspirerade förskoleenheter under arbetslagens reflektionsmöte. Forskarna undersökte hur arbetslagen resonerade kring de olika faktorerna, som en del av det systematiska kvalitetsarbetet i förskolan. Resultatet visade att de tre arbetslagen såg pedagogisk dokumentation som en effektiv metod för ökad förståelse för barnens perspektiv. Det framkom att dokumentation av barnen i förskolan dock kunde begränsa barnens uttryck. Samtliga pedagoger uttryckte att de hade intentionen att hitta lösningar på utmaningar som kan uppstå. Pedagogerna lyfte även vikten av valbilder, tillgänglig lärmiljö och hundraspråklighet för att främja barns delaktighet och inflytande. Barns lärprocesserberördes i relation till betydelsen av pedagogisk samsyn, Reggio Emilia-pedagogiken och användning av tecken som alternativ och kompletterande kommunikation (TAKK). Pedagogerna riktade fokus mot barns egen dokumentation samt delaktighet och inflytande i kommande planering. Analysen av den insamladedatan har utgått ifrån Shiers (2001) modell för delaktighet som teoretiskt ramverk. Analysen av datan visar att arbetslagen i olika grad försöker bidra till barns delaktighet och inflytande, vilket tolkas genom Shiers (2001) modell. Detta med hjälp av pedagogisk dokumentation, pedagogers didaktiska val och utformning av miljö vilket kan bidra till att synliggöra barns lärprocesser. Dokumentation kan ses som en metod för att barn och vuxna inom en pedagogisk verksamhet ska kunna utbyta tankar och erfarenheter med varandra. Studien bidrar till att få kunskap om hur pedagoger i förskolan resonerar kring barns delaktighet och inflytande i relation till pedagogisk dokumentation och synliggörande av barnens lärande i förskolans lärmiljö.

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  • Christophs Törnebladh, Sara
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Political Science.
    Kvinnorna i MAGA: Strategier i en mansdominerad kultur2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

     

    This study examines how gender shapes communication strategies within the MAGA movement, with a particular focus on female political actors. While the movement has traditionally been dominated by men, this study explores how women navigate a political and digital environment structured by masculinized norms of authority, legitimacy, and confrontation. Drawing on gender theory and prior research, the study investigates how female MAGA actors position themselves within a communication culture where legitimacy must be continuously negotiated. Using a sequential mixed methods design, the study analyzes social media posts from prominent MAGA profiles to identify gendered patterns in communication. The findings indicate that female actors frequently mobilize strategically feminized expressions, such as references to family values, morality, and relationality, to enhance legitimacy and increase perceived likeability while remaining active participants in conflict-oriented discourse. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of how women exercise political agency within right-wing populist and male-dominated digital communication environments.

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    Kandidatuppsats
  • Krantz, Tove
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Political Science.
    Kriminalvården på entreprenad: Ett avvikande fall2025Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • Jansson, Emma
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Marketing and Tourism Studies (MTS).
    Pavlovets, Sandra
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Marketing and Tourism Studies (MTS).
    Köp först, tänk sen: En studie om unga vuxnas avsikt att använda BNPL/ Afterpay2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Köp med hjälp av “Buy Now, Pay Later” (BNPL) har ökat markant under de senaste åren, främst bland unga konsumenter. Trots denna ökning saknas en djupare förståelse för vad som ligger bakom ungas intentioner att använda dessa betalningstjänster. Syftet med denna studie är därför att undersöka deras intentioner till köp med BNPL, med hjälp av Theory Planned Behaviour (TPB) och ABC-modellen. 

    Studien bygger på en kvalitativ metod där 10 semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts med personer mellan åldrarna 22-29. Respondenterna valdes ut efter särskilda kriterier och intervjuerna analyserades därefter utifrån tre aspekter: attityder, subjektiva normer och upplevd kontroll. 

    Resultatet visar att delarna i TPB beskriver ungas intention till BNPL köp på olika sätt. Den uttryckta känslan att tjänsten är flexibel och smidig att använda, ger styrka åt den snabba affektiva komponenten i attityder, vilket ofta överrumplar den kognitiva delen som är medveten om risken. En av orsakerna till detta är den ökade always-on kulturen och sociala medier som finns i dagens samhälle, vilka förstärker de starka implicita normerna. Andra använder delbetalningstjänster mer planerat och för större köp eftersom att de kan betala när de passar deras ekonomi. Trots att de flesta förstår att BNPL är en typ av kredit och vad som innebär med delbetalningar räcker inte deras finansiella kunskap alla gånger till för att undvika impulsköp och köpbeslut som är ogenomtänkta. 

    Studien bidrar med en förståelse för hur unga vuxna skapar sina intentioner i en digital konsumtionsmiljö. Resultatet kan även användas för framtida åtgärder som handlar om att stärka den ekonomiska kunskapen hos unga. 

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  • Hussein Mohamed, Yasra
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Marketing and Tourism Studies (MTS).
    Matiros, Maria
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Marketing and Tourism Studies (MTS).
    Artificiell empati hos AI chatbotar: En kvalitativ studie om hur kunder upplever artificiell empati i interaktioner med AI chatbotar i kundservicesammanhang2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Som följd av den ökade implementeringen av AI chatbotar inom kundservice har det i allt större utsträckning börjat ersätta mänsklig kundservice. Detta har lett till ökade förväntningar såsom snabbare och effektivare svar. AI chatbotar är dock begränsade i sin förmåga att förmedla autentisk empati. En ökad förståelse för hur AI chatbotars empatiska förmåga upplevs av kunder är därmed viktigt för positiva kundinteraktioner, vilket innefattar artificiell empati. Tidigare forskning fokuserar främst på tekniska aspekter samt effektivisering, men har även haft ett växande intresse för artificiell empati. Dock har inte lika mycket fokus lagts på hur de tre delarna av artificiell empati interagerar med varandra. Fokus ligger därmed på att fördjupa förståelsen för hur kunder upplever artificiell empati hos AI chatbotar i ett kundservicesammanhang.

    Syfte: Studiens syfte är därmed att utforska hur kunder upplever artificiell empati i interaktioner med AI chatbotar i kundservice.

    Metod: För att besvara studiens frågeställningar tillämpades en kvalitativ forskningsansats. Datainsamlingen skedde genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med tolv individer med tidigare erfarenhet av AI chatbotar inom kundservice. Vid analysen av datan tillämpades öppen kodning inspirerad av grounded theory, där återkommande mönster i deltagarnas upplevelser identifierats och kategoriserats. De kategorier som uppkom användes sedan för att presentera den empiriska datan.

    Slutsats: Studien visade att perspektivtagande tar sig i uttryck som en upplevd förmåga hos AI chatboten att tolka, förstå och agera i linje med kundens situation, och framstår som en grundläggande förutsättning för artificiell empati i kundservicesammanhang. Empatisk omtanke uppfattas som en villkorad dimension av artificiell empati, och bidrar till en positiv upplevelse av interaktionen när den samverkar med en upplevd förståelse för kundens perspektiv samt ärendets kontext. Emotionell smitta präglas av hur väl chatbotens emotionella uttryck upplevs vara kontextuellt relevanta, och framstår inte som ett självständigt uttryck för empati, utan som en affektiv dimension vars empatiska funktion är beroende av interaktionens helhet.

    Bidrag: Denna studies bidrag är att artificiell empati är ett relationellt och kontextuellt fenomen, som sker i samspel mellan kund och AI chatbot. Den artificiella empatins tre delar samspelar, där perspektivtagande visat sig ha en central roll för att förmedla en känsla av empati gentemot kunden. 

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  • Fransson, Anna
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Marketing and Tourism Studies (MTS).
    Sakkas, Konstantina
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Marketing and Tourism Studies (MTS).
    Mellan raderna och bakom bilderna: En multimodal analys av ålderskodning i digitala platsannonser: Hur språkliga, tonmässiga och visuella signaler kan samverka till potentiell exkludering av äldre arbetssökande2026Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Åldersdiskriminering utgör ett växande samhällsproblem med betydande konsekvenser för både individer och organisationer. Denna studie undersöker hur företags utformning av platsannonser kan bidra till exkludering av äldre arbetssökande. Särskilt fokus riktas mot hur multimodala signaler, bestående av språk, ton och visuella element, i dessa, påverkar upplevelsen av inkludering och exkludering. Studien analyserar hur annonsens innehåll fungerar som marknadsföring och hur signalerna i annonserna bidrar till en upplevelse kring tillhörighet eller exkludering. Vidare diskuteras hur specifika designelement som färg, typografi och läsbarhet, utöver bildval kan bidra till den totala upplevelsen hos arbetssökande. Syftet är att öka förståelsen för hur rekryteringskommunikation fungerar som en form av marknadsföring som både kan förstärka och motverka åldersdiskriminering. Genom att systematiskt identifiera vilka språkliga, tonmässiga och visuella faktorer som påverkar upplevelsen av exkludering och inkludering kan studien bidra till utvecklingen av mer rättvisa och inkluderande platsannonser. Resultaten förväntas därmed ge insikter som stärker organisationers arbete med mångfald, kompetensförsörjning och social hållbarhet.

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