This systematic review investigates firsthand experiences of students diagnosed with Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in segregated school situations. Articles published from 2000 to 2023 were identified in ten electronic databases. Research in the field is scarce, with five articles meeting the inclusion criteria. A thematic synthesis identified three analytical themes: 1) predominant negative experiences of previous schooling and the path to a segregated school situation; 2) predominant negative experiences of segregated schooling and a desire for a better school situation; and 3) predominant negative experiences and consequences of medicalisation. The experiences of previous schooling included violence and a perceived lack of classroom structure. There were some positive experiences in the present segregated situation, such as a class environment with fewer students and more friendly, sympathetic teachers. Some segregated students sought improved relationships with classmates and a more structured classroom environment. The data implied a tendency towards permanent placements, given the minimal references to regular schooling. The experiences and consequences of medicalisation indicated that the students appeared to internalise symptoms linked to the diagnoses and saw medication as the school's main measure to control their behaviour. Finally, some students attributed their behaviour to ADHD and saw it as the main reason for their segregation.

Andelen unga i åldern 16-24 år med psykiska symtom i form av ängslan, oro eller ångest har ökat från 20,5 procent 2008- 2009 till 28 procent 2014-2015. Ökningen gäller båda killar och tjejer (Myndigheten för ungdoms- och civilsamhällesfrågor, 2019). Ovanstående är oroväckande siffror. Gustafsson (2019) visar att tidig identifiering av känslomässiga och beteendemässiga problem hos barn i förskoleåldern är möjligt att göra. Förskolan spelar en viktig roll för att skapa en god lärandemiljö där leken spelar en viktig roll för barns sociala utveckling (Lillemyr, 2013; Skolverket, 2018). Mot bakgrund av ovanstående väcks frågan: Vad kan göras i förskolan för att förebygga ängslan och oro hos barn samt förebygga psykisk ohälsa senare i uppväxtåren? Denna fråga är central i föreliggande artikel som bygger på en lekintervention i en svensk förskola med syftet att stärka barnens sociala samspel.

During the development of research to compare the processes and impact of inclusive education in Sweden with results obtained from a study undertaken in Ireland, a pilot study was conducted and documented. The pilot study had three aims: (1) to gather data to provide guidance for a substantive study adapted to Swedish conditions through modification of Irish research procedures and instruments, (2) to critically interrogate how we as researchers could most effectively conduct a pilot study utilizing observational and video-recorded data, and (3) to use the Irish theoretical model as a tool of analysis for studying inclusion in two Swedish schools. Although pilot studies are frequently conducted to assess the efficacy of research instruments for use in qualitative research projects, few publications have drawn upon empirical findings related to such studies. Additionally, while methodological texts recommend the use of pilot studies in qualitative research, there is a lack of reported research focusing on how to conduct such pilot studies. We argue that our methodological findings may contribute to greater awareness of the important role that a pilot study may have for full-scale qualitative research projects, for example, in case study research where semi-structured qualitative interviews are used. This argument is based on the assumption that researchers, and especially novice researchers, having conducted a pilot study will be better informed and prepared to face the challenges that are likely to arise in the substantive study and more confident in the instruments to be used for data collection. A proper analysis of the procedures and results from the pilot study facilitates the identification of weaknesses that may be addressed. A carefully organized and managed pilot study has the potential to increase the quality of the research as results from such studies can inform subsequent parts of the research process.

OBJECTIVE: Adolescents' leisure activities are increasingly focusing on Internet activities, and today, these coexist with traditional leisure activities such as sport and meeting friends. The purpose of the present study was to investigate leisure activities, particularly Internet activities, among boys and girls with ADHD, and compare these with boys and girls from the general population. The objective was also to explore how traditional leisure activities and Internet activities interrelate among adolescents with ADHD.

METHOD: Adolescents with ADHD (n = 102) were compared with adolescents from the general population on leisure activities and Internet use.

RESULTS: Leisure activities among adolescents with ADHD tended to focus on Internet activities, particularly online games. Internet activities were broadening leisure activities among adolescents with ADHD, rather than being a substitute for traditional leisure activities.

CONCLUSION: Internet activities may provide adolescents with ADHD accessible means of social interaction.

In recent years technology has become increasingly emphasized as educational content in the Swedish preschool, not the least with the introduction of the latest curriculum in 2010 (revised in 2016). Since preschool teachers have not had any formal technology education until just recently, it is of importance to investigate how they conceive of and experience technology in the daily activities of the preschool. The purpose of this study is therefore to describe and analyze Swedish preschool teachers’ views and experiences of technology and technology education in the preschool, focusing on what opportunities and obstacles that they see. The data consists of transcripts from focus group interviews with sixteen teachers in two Swedish preschools, and the data was coded and categorized with a thematic analysis. The results show that when it comes to opportunities, the teachers consider technology to permeate all preschool activities, and the challenge here is rather to make technology visible. In terms of obstacles, however, the teachers are also uncertain about what technology is and want to have more knowledge of technology themselves, for example, relevant concepts for various technologies or activities. They also want to know more about technology education in order to be able to educationally convey knowledge of technology to the children and to make the children conscious of the technology that surrounds them.

Från ett tillstånd som tidigare har kopplats till en relativt begränsad andelbarnoch ungdomar har ADHD-diagnosen nu fått en större roll och betydelsei detsvenska samhället. Syftet med denna artikel är att analyseraoch diskuteraförekomsten av ADHD-diagnoser hos ungdomar som påbörjaröppenvårdför alkohol- och narkotikaproblem och hur diagnosen kan relaterastillsocialaförhållanden, droganvändning och psykisk hälsa. Studien baseraspå struktureradeintervjuer med 2169 ungdomar från nio städer för åren2013, 2014 och 2015. Resultaten visar att en betydande andel ungdomarsom vändersig till öppenvård också har en ADHD-diagnos, att det har sketten stor ökning de senaste åren, att det är en stor lokal variation och attdennagrupp ungdomar är psykosocialt utsatta med omfattande probleminom många livsområden. Den ökade förekomsten bland både pojkar ochflickor och den stora lokala variationen väcker frågor om ADHD-diagnosersorsak, tillförlitlighet och konsekvenser.

The aim was to describe the occupational transition process to upper secondary school, further education and/or work, and to discover what support influences the process from the perspectives of young adults with Asperger syndrome or attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. This qualitative study was performed in Sweden and comprised interviews with 15 young adults recruited from community based day centres. Support influencing the process included: occupational transition preparation in compulsory school, practical work experience in a safe environment, and support beyond the workplace. The overall understanding shows that the occupational transition process was a longitudinal one starting as early as in middle school, and continuing until the young adults obtained and were able to remain in employment or further education.

The purpose of this study was to describe and explore the experiences of support at school among young adults with Asperger’s disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and also to examine what support they, in retrospect, described as influencing learning. Purposive sampling was used to enroll participants. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 13 young adults aged between 20 and 29 years. A qualitative analysis, based on interpreting people’s experiences, was conducted by grouping and searching for patterns in data. The findings indicate that the participants experienced difficulties at school that included academic, social, and emotional conditions, all of which could influence learning. Support for learning included small groups, individualized teaching methods, teachers who cared, and practical and emotional support. These clusters together confirm the overall understanding that support for learning aligns academic and psychosocial support. In conclusion, academic support combined with psychosocial support at school seems to be crucial for learning among students with Asperger’s disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

In the new Swedish curriculum for the preschool (2010) technology education is emphasized as one of the most significant pedagogical areas to work with. The aim of this article is to investigate how girls and boys explore and learn technology as well as how their teachers frame this in free play in two Swedish preschools. The study is inspired by an ethnographic approach and is based on qualitative data collected through video-taped observations and informal talk with children and teachers in two preschools. It is concluded that girls and boys learn to approach and handle technology differently, thereby confirming rather than dissolving gender boundaries. The girls more often have a special purpose in building something they need in their play, that is, they mostly engage in technological construction as a sideline. The boys, on the other hand, more often award technological construction a central part in their play; building is an end in itself. Teachers are not so active in supporting free play involving technology among the older children, nor in giving boys and girls equal opportunities to explore and use material and toys which are not gender-stereotyped. One important implication is that in-service education needs to address not only experiments and construction but also gender issues and how teachers can create equal opportunities for boys and girls in the free play.