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Potentials and effects of electricity cogeneration via ORC integration in small-scale biomass district heating system
Umeå University, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0588-9510
Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Built Environment and Energy Technology. Linnaeus University, Linnaeus Knowledge Environments, Advanced Materials. (Bioenergy)ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8964-116X
2025 (English)In: Green Energy and Resources, E-ISSN 2949-7205, Vol. 3, no 1, article id 100113Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Sustainable development
SDG 13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts by regulating emissions and promoting developments in renewable energy, SDG 7: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all, SDG 9: Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization, and foster innovation, SDG 12: Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
Abstract [en]

This study explores the potential and impact of electricity cogeneration using Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) integrated with small-scale biomass boilers within district heating systems. An analysis is conducted on a 3 MWth biomass-fired district heating plant in southern Sweden. Process monitoring data, collected over a one-year period from the plant, serves as the basis for simulation and analysis. The study examines operational changes and fuel usage at a local level, together with an extension to a regional scale considering both short-term and long-term energy system implications. The results show that integrating a 200 kWe ORC unit with the existing boiler having a flue gas condenser is cos-optimal and could cogenerate approximately 1.1 GWh electricity annually, with a levelized electricity cost of €64.4 per MWh. This is equivalent to a system power-to-heat ratio of 7.5%. From a broader energy system perspective, this efficient integration could potentially reduce CO2 emissions by 234-454 tons per year when the saved energy locally is used to replace fossil fuels in the energy system, depending on how biomass is utilized and what type of fossil fuels are replaced. Increasing installed capacity of ORC unit to maximize electricity co-generation could result in a carbon abatement cost ranging from €204 to €79 per ton CO2. This cost fluctuates depending on the installed capacity, operation of the ORC units, and prevailing electricity prices. The study highlights the trade-off between financial gains and CO2 emission reductions, underscoring the complex decision-making involved in energy system optimization.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2025. Vol. 3, no 1, article id 100113
Keywords [en]
biomass conversion, small-scale boiler, organic Rankine cycle, district heating system, primary energy use, electricity cogeneration, GHG emissions
National Category
Energy Engineering Energy Systems
Research subject
Technology (byts ev till Engineering), Bioenergy Technology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-134268DOI: 10.1016/j.gerr.2024.100113ISI: 001532579400002Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85215389665OAI: oai:DiVA.org:lnu-134268DiVA, id: diva2:1923752
Projects
Swedish Knowledge Foundation (grant number 20190090)DecarbonDHS project (grant number of STHB.02.02-IP.01-0009/23) co-financed from the Interreg South Baltic Programme 2021-2027 through the European Regional Development Fund
Funder
European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)Interreg, STHB.02.02-IP.01-0009/23Available from: 2024-12-30 Created: 2024-12-30 Last updated: 2026-04-16Bibliographically approved

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CiteExportLink to record
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