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Empati och attityder till straff och rehabilitering: En kvantitativ studie
Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
2026 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Empathy and Attitudes Towards Prisoners : The Role of Affective and Cognitive Empathy (English)
Abstract [sv]

Allmänhetens attityder till straff och rehabilitering utgör en central del av den samtida kriminalpolitiska debatten. Empati har identifierats som en viktig psykologisk faktor som påverkar dessa attityder, men forskning i en svensk kontext är fortfarande begränsad. Denna studie undersökte hur kognitiva och affektiva komponenter av empati; perspektivtagande och empatisk omtanke, relaterar till attityder till straff och rehabilitering av intagna.

En kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie genomfördes med 115 vuxna personer bosatta i Sverige. Empati mättes med hjälp av Interpersonal Reactivity Index och attityder till intagna med en förkortad version av Attitudes Towards Prisoners Scale. Data analyserades med korrelationsanalyser, oberoende t-test, ANOVA samt multipel regressionsanalys.

Resultaten visade att empatisk omtanke var signifikant relaterat till mer rehabiliteringsorienterade och mindre punitiva attityder, medan perspektivtagande inte uppvisade något signifikant samband. Empatisk omtanke framträdde som den enda signifikanta prediktorn för attityder till intagna. Inga signifikanta skillnader återfanns avseende kön, utbildningsnivå, bostadsort eller tidigare erfarenheter av brottsutsatthet.

Resultaten indikerar att den affektiva dimensionen av empati spelar en mer central roll än den kognitiva i formandet av attityder till straff och rehabilitering. Studien belyser betydelsen av emotionell empati för att förstå allmänhetens stöd för rehabiliterande förhållningssätt inom kriminalvården och bidrar till den begränsade svenska forskningen om psykologiska faktorer bakom punitiva och rehabiliteringsorienterade attityder.

Abstract [en]

Public attitudes towards punishment and rehabilitation are central to contemporary criminal justice debates. Empathy has been identified as an important psychological factor influencing these attitudes, yet research in a Swedish context remains limited. This study examined how cognitive and affective components of empathy; perspective taking and empathic concern, are related to attitudes towards punishment and rehabilitation of incarcerated individuals.

A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted with 115 adults residing in Sweden. Empathy was measured using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, and attitudes towards prisoners were assessed using a shortened version of the Attitudes Towards Prisoners Scale. Data were analyzed using correlation analyses, independent t-tests, ANOVA and multiple regression.

The results showed that empathic concern was significantly associated with more rehabilitation-oriented and less punitive attitudes, whereas perspective taking was not. Empathic concern emerged as the only significant predictor of attitudes toward prisoners. No significant differences were found based on gender, education level, place of residence, or prior crime victimization. 

The findings suggest that affective empathy plays a more central role than cognitive empathy in shaping attitudes toward punishment and rehabilitation. The study highlights the importance of emotional empathy in understanding public support for rehabilitative approaches within the criminal justice system and contributes to the limited body of Swedish research on psychological factors underlying punitive and rehabilitative attitudes.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2026. , p. 48
Keywords [en]
Empathy, empatic concern, perspective taking, punitive attitudes, rehabilitation, incarceration, criminal justice, cognitive empathy, affective empathy
Keywords [sv]
Empati, empatisk omtanke, perspektivtagande, punitivitet, rehabilitering, kriminalvård, affektiv empati, kognitiv empati
National Category
Psychology Criminology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-144560OAI: oai:DiVA.org:lnu-144560DiVA, id: diva2:2034131
Subject / course
Psychology
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2026-02-04 Created: 2026-01-30 Last updated: 2026-02-04Bibliographically approved

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