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Leverage Points for Computational Thinking Integration in Kosovo's Education System: A Teacher-Informed Systems Analysis
Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2266-3441
University of Prishtina, Kosovo.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8128-8557
Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7520-695X
2026 (English)In: 2026 22nd International Conference on Information Technology Based Higher Education and Training (ITHET): 20-22 May 2026, IEEE, 2026Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Sustainable development
SDG 4: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all
Abstract [en]

Computational thinking (CT) is a critical thinking skill and an essential component of digital competence frameworks for problem-solving. Kosovo's education system represents an emerging context where digital integration and CT initiatives are underway yet face systemic implementation challenges. This study examined Kosovo teachers' perceptions of CT integration and identified strategic intervention points using the leverage points framework from systems thinking. Through mixed-methods analysis of survey data and focus group discussions with teachers, current and ideal CT integration were mapped across leverage point levels. Findings revealed moderate CT knowledge among teachers and positive attitudes toward its cross-curricular integration, yet they faced barriers including content-heavy curricula, rigid assessment structures, and inadequate professional development. Systemically, an intervention hierarchy was modeled with different effectiveness levels, ranging from low-leverage areas such as class size and infrastructure to high-leverage areas such as shifting the system's goal toward competency-based education. This teacher-informed typology provides a practical diagnostic tool for digital education reform in similar contexts. The study offers three key implications. Theoretically, the study operationalizes the leverage points framework through empirical data. Practically, findings prioritize competency-focused assessment and teacher autonomy. For policy, the framework recommends cross-disciplinary CT curricula with structural reforms fostering teacher self-organization in resource-constrained contexts.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IEEE, 2026.
Keywords [en]
computational thinking, systems thinking, leverage points, education system
National Category
Computer and Information Sciences
Research subject
Computer and Information Sciences Computer Science, Information Systems
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-148528DOI: 10.1109/ITHET69978.2026.11585159ISBN: 9798319545480 (electronic)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:lnu-148528DiVA, id: diva2:2084344
Conference
22nd IEEE International Conference on Information Technology Based Higher Education and Training (ITHET), Lillehammar, Norway, May 20-22, 2026
Projects
IGNITEAvailable from: 2026-07-04 Created: 2026-07-04 Last updated: 2026-07-06Bibliographically approved

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Hamidi, AliDalipi, Fisnik

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CiteExportLink to record
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Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
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Language
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  • nn-NB
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  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
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  • asciidoc
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