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Characterization of volatile compounds in Swedish yellow and gray peas: implications for new legume‐based ingredients
Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences. Linnaeus University, Linnaeus Knowledge Environments, Sustainable Health. (Food science and nutrition)ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6973-4190
Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences. Linnaeus University, Linnaeus Knowledge Environments, Sustainable Health. (Food science and nutrition)ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0387-4312
Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences. Linnaeus University, Linnaeus Knowledge Environments, Sustainable Health. (Food science and nutrition)ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7753-3823
2020 (English)In: Legume Science, E-ISSN 2639-6181, Vol. 2, no 4, article id e55Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

There is a growing demand for alternative protein‐source ingredients from domestically cultivated pulses in Europe, including Sweden. However, the use of legumes as a food ingredient is limited by the presence of a distinct beany flavor. Mapping the volatile compounds composition in a standardized approach will aid in comparing different legume varieties and processing treatments. The composition of volatile compounds in flour from yellow and gray peas (raw and boiled) was investigated and compared. Volatile compounds were isolated by headspace solid‐phase microextraction (HS‐SPME) and analyzed using gas chromatography‐mass spectrophotometry (GC‐MS). A total of 43 volatiles were identified, consisting mostly of aldehydes, followed by alkanes, alcohols, ketones, alkenes, furans, terpenes, aromatics, and sulfur‐containing compounds. Boiling led to a marked reduction in alcohols and an increase in aldehydes. Several markers of beany flavor, such as 1‐octen‐3‐ol, 2‐pentylfuran, and 3,5‐octadien‐2‐one, were significantly decreased after boiling. The composition of volatiles collected from yellow and gray peas was comparable, but boiled yellow pea had a higher abundance of beany flavor as compared to gray pea. Gray pea is an interesting variety to be explored further as a potential alternative to the well‐known yellow pea.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
John Wiley & Sons, 2020. Vol. 2, no 4, article id e55
Keywords [en]
boiling, gray pea, yellow pea, volatile compounds, HS-SPME-GC-MS
National Category
Food Science
Research subject
Natural Science, Food Science
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-97571DOI: 10.1002/leg3.55Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85115633825OAI: oai:DiVA.org:lnu-97571DiVA, id: diva2:1458558
Funder
Swedish Research Council Formas, 942-2016-38Available from: 2020-08-17 Created: 2020-08-17 Last updated: 2023-04-20Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. The development of novel foods from Swedish pulses: Raw material composition and processing effects
Open this publication in new window or tab >>The development of novel foods from Swedish pulses: Raw material composition and processing effects
2021 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

A gradual shift towards a healthier and more sustainable diet with a higher quantity of plant-based products is suggested to be one of the most efficient ways to alleviate environmental pressure from the current food system. Pulses could play a crucial role in this shift due to the multi-faceted benefits they have on the environment and human health. This thesis aims to study the suitability of Swedish grown pulses as the raw material for new pulse-based foods and ingredients. 

Flour from locally grown pulses (yellow peas, grey peas, faba beans, and white beans) prepared using different treatments (boiling, roasting, and germination) were analysed for their functional properties, nutrient content, and volatile compound composition. Protein isolates from locally grown pulses were prepared at a pilot scale using an alkaline extraction method, followed by isoelectric precipitation and were then analysed for proximate composition, thermal properties, and water holding capacity. The suitability of pulse flour in the development of cheese analogues and pulse protein isolates to produce high-moisture meat analogues (HMMA) was examined. 

The results showed that the functional properties and nutrient content of flour from pulses were significantly affected by treatments prior to milling. Different treatments also affected the volatile compound profile of pulse flour to varying degrees. Plant-based cheese analogues with a firm and sliceable texture were successfully prepared using flour from boiled and roasted yellow peas and faba beans. The pulse-based cheese analogues could be categorised as functional foods owing to the high content of dietary fibre (7-8 g/100 g). Moreover, meat analogues can be produced using protein isolates from yellow peas and faba beans using high-moisture extrusion cooking. The target moisture content and extrusion temperature needed to be adjusted depending on the botanical origin of the protein isolate. Pulse-based cheese and meat analogues made from locally sourced materials could be utilised to increase the consumption of pulses in Sweden, which is currently very low.  

Abstract [sv]

En gradvis övergång till en mer hälsosam och hållbar kost med en högre andel växtbaserade produkter föreslås vara ett av de mest effektiva sätten att minska klimatpåverkan från konsumtion av livsmedel. Baljväxter kan spela en viktig roll i detta skifte på grund av deras fördelar för både miljön och hälsan. Den här avhandlingen har målsättningen att studera lämpligheten hos baljväxter odlade i Sverige som råvara för nya växtbaserade livsmedel och ingredienser. 

Mjöl från lokalt odlade baljväxter (gula ärtor, gråärtor, bondbönor, och vita bönor) behandlade med olika beredning metoder (kokning, rostning och groning) analyserades med avseende på funktionella egenskaper, näringsinnehåll och flyktiga ämnen. Proteinisolat från lokalt odlade baljväxter togs fram i pilotskala med en alkalisk extraktionsmetod följt av isoelektrisk utfällning och analyserades för sammansättning av makronutrienter, termiska egenskaper och vattenhållningskapacitet. Vidare undersöktes lämpligheten av baljväxtmjöl i utvecklingen av växtbaserade ostar och lämpligheten av proteinisolat från baljväxter för att producera köttsubstitut. 

Resultaten visade att baljväxtmjölets funktionella egenskaper och näringsinnehåll påverkades avsevärt av kokning, rostning och groning. Dessa behandlingar påverkade också profilen av flyktiga ämnen. Växtbaserade ostanaloger med fast och skivbar konsistens framställdes med mjöl från kokade och rostade gula ärtor och bondbönor. De växtbaserade ostarna kan kategoriseras som funktionella livsmedel på grund av det höga innehållet av kostfibrer. Dessutom kunde köttsubstitut produceras med proteinisolat från gula ärtor och bondbönor genom våt-extrudering. Vattenhalten och extruderingstemperaturen behövde justeras beroende på råvaran i ingående proteinisolat. Växtbaserade ost- och köttsubstitut tillverkade av lokala råvaror skulle kunna användas för att öka baljväxterskonsumtionen i Sverige, som för närvarande är mycket låg.  

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Sweden: Linnaeus University Press, 2021. p. 66
Series
Linnaeus University Dissertations
Keywords
legumes, pulse flour, functional properties, dietary fibre, folate, volatile compounds, cheese analogue, protein isolate, high-moisture extrusion, meat analogue.
National Category
Food Science
Research subject
Natural Science, Food Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-106842 (URN)9789189460058 (ISBN)9789189460065 (ISBN)
Public defence
2021-10-08, Vi1158 K Lapis, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, 09:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Swedish Research Council Formas, 942-2016-38
Available from: 2021-09-14 Created: 2021-09-14 Last updated: 2025-03-03Bibliographically approved

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Ferawati, FerawatiWitthöft, Cornelia M.Bergström, Maria

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