In this chapter, we will discuss how our understanding of narratives and the experiences communicated in novels, poems, essays and folk tales is formed and shaped by the material objects we interact with and how the basic media types of speech, text and images are integrated differently according to the conventionsof different qualified media types. We can approach the question of themediality of literature from different directions. Different material technologies that are used for writing and reading define and transform literature. We will consider the activities that define literature, such as the reading and writing of text and how text and images can be integrated. Finally,we will also consider how social and cultural settings, norms and institutions construct notions of what is and what is not (considered to be) literature. All three aspects are subject to more change and variation than the prototypical image of ashelf filled with books may suggest