As a last moment at the Mechanical engineering program at Växjö University a ten point Diplomawork was accomplished. The work was supposed to help the inventor Sonny Johansson at the company MIWAB, to develop a prototype of a microwave glass oven. The oven was meant to melt glass with microwaves and a absorb, which was new technique and patented by Sonny Johansson. The biggest change was that the capacity of the oven was doubled and that it was made eight angular instead of round. The outside measurement become about 1,75x1,75x2,1 meter (lxbxh). The temperature on the outside of the oven was lowered from about 170°C to about 60°C by better isolation. The total weight become fully 3600kg and the material cost amounted to about 1400 000 Swedish crones. We believe in the idea by melting glass whit microwaves and our hope is that the oven in the future will be a completed product and start selling.

To investigate the difference in tolerance outcome between different alloys in aluminiumprofilemanufacturing have five experiments be accomplished. Tool- and productionparameters have in addition been studied to get at deeper understanding for the extrusionprocess. In these five experiments have extractability and measures been compared between the alloys. A number of different profiles have been extruded and compared out from different conditions. In one of the experiments one of the alloys was water-cooled and the other was air-cooled. It showed out that the water-cooled alloy had bigger measures than the air-cooled witch was an unexpected result. Experiment number was meant for comparing the difference in extractability between four alloys. The result showed that alloy 608243 had the worst extractability and then 600570, 606045 and the best extractability had 606015. With help from the results from experiment five could a diagram be made there the relative extractability stands as function to the max-strength. The conclusion from the results is that the alloys is divided into two groups in the European standard EN AW 755-9 because of that they have different extractability. The alloys in group two is hard to extract which means that it is hard to keep a balance between the different productionparameters during the presscycle

This paper is about unmanned transports and how it could be implemented in the future workshop called PVS that are a part of the plant at ITT Flygt in Emmaboda. The intriductin of the paper contains headlines like: planning and method, presentation of the company, conditions and definitions and a preliminary study where the terms of the work are explained and how it began with analyzing the situation of today in the concerned departments at ITT Flygt. After that is an information research that explains the different unmanned transport systems on the market today and how they work technically. Furthermore there is a summary from the field research trips that have been made and in the end of the paper suggestions of solution and a discussion of results are presented.

Bridges vibrate more or less when you drive across them, that can most of us realize and a bridge that is in active use gets worn down. Things that get worn down need frequent maintenance so they don’t break.

Following final thesis deal with the subject business co-operation and businessrelationships between two specific types of companies in the woodindustry, the sawmill and the producer of small houses. Both parties wants a closer collaboration but still this has only become reality in a small extent. Underlying theories within the subjects

This diploma work covers 10 weeks of fulltime work. The task in the diploma work was to make a price comparision between Alstom Powers different Environmental control systems. The price comparison has been done for four different steel constructions: A framwork, a dust hopper, breced suppporting disks in general usages and braced flue gas ducts. Price comparisons should be made between one high cost country and two low cost countries. The task also inncluded a combination between different materials in different sections to achieve an optimal price solution. The materials, which are used in the comparison, are S235, S275, S355, S460, S650 and H II. The results from each construction have been placed in diagrams. The diagrams and prices have been analyzed to se the difference in price when different materials and sections are used. The conclusion was that the prices in low cost countries were much lower than in hig cost countires. In some cases the results also shows that highstrength stells is a better alternative then low-strength steels.

Several different methods have been examined to find a method that doesn't generate any sawdust. Only one method has been found which completely fulfil the demands. The other methods, which have been studied, are also sawdust free but material is still lost, 0,1 mm with lasercutting up to three mm with plasmacutting. It is possible to cut open profiles with all these methods. The closed profiles with more complicated shape are not possible to cut with these methods with sufficiently results. There is only one way to cut material sawdust free without any material loose and that is to shear the material apart. This method is called adiabatic cutting. With this method, it is possible to cut the aluminium pole without any material loos. It is also possible to cut the opened profiles with this method but the closed profiles are not possible because these profiles will become to much deformed.

The aim of this thesis is to develop a classification system functional for the machines in Lübecker Hafen-Gesellschaft mbH’s (LHG’s) motor pool. The project was purchased of LHG’s affiliated company LHG Service-Gesellschaft mbH (SG) who needed a fast way to search the characteristics of the machines in their harbours. In the harbour terminals a great number of machines with different features are working. SG knows the features and they are available on paper or in the local network. The information is not useful because the paper system takes too long time to use. They need a classification system in which it is able to find information fast. The workers in SG’s technical department requires to be able to tell at once how many machines with a special feature they have in each harbour. SG wants to be able to respond to the customer at once about their capacity. The investigation involves; Forklift trucks, Terminal tractors, Paper roll clamps and Translifters. The most effective way to observe and understand the different characteristics of the equipment is to be in the harbour and observe the machines work. Therefore have the knowledge about the characteristics of the equipment been based in LHG’s four terminals. Since the software computer program SAP were known of SG’s technical workers from the beginning it was obvious to use this program. SAP is a business software product with well prepared functions for a classification system. Through the harbour survey, interviews with concerned employees and research about SAP’s functions, a full working classification system has been presented. The result of the project is a classification system that is accessible in SG’s computer network. The classification system has a hierarchy structure in five steps, which are developed as detailed and simple as possible to describe the different machines. With the functions in the classification system could all needed information about the machines in the harbours immediately be found without complications.

The correlation between spiral grain formationand crown asymmetry was investigated in 18 Scots pine(Pinus sylvestris L.) and 17 Norway spruce [Picea abies(L.) Karst.] trees selected from clones of each speciesgrowing in the south of Sweden. The angle between thelongitudinal direction of the tracheids in the outermostyear ring compared to the longitudinal direction of thestem was measured by scribing lines which followed thedirection of the tracheids. The crown asymmetry wasmeasured by taking photographs of the trees followed bya simple picture analysis of the tree. Wind data for thegrowing seasons of 1997 and 1998 were obtained fromthe Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute.The results showed a significant correlation between theangle of the tracheids compared to the stem longitudinaldirection going from a left-handed angle if the trees hada crown projected to the north towards a right-handedangle the more the crown projects to the south.

Spiral grain angle in Norway spruce (Piceaabies) trees and balsam fir (Abies balsamea) seedlingswas investigated in relation to growth rate, endogenousand applied ethylene. Trees from stands of Norwayspruce, which were irrigated and fertilised in order to enhancegrowth, and trees having different growth rates innon-treated stands were studied. Stem growth rate at thestand level (m3 ha–1 year–1) was measured annually, orby means of microscopy on stem sections as the numberand size of tracheids produced. Enhanced growth increasedethylene evolution and maintained a high levelof left-handed spiral grain angle in comparison to slower-growing trees. An increased number of earlywoodtracheids in fast growing trees was correlated to a moreleft-handed spiral grain angle. Ethrel, applied to stems ofbalsam fir seedlings, increased the internal ethylene levelsin parallel with increased left-handed spiral grain angle.The results indicate that ethylene regulates the extentof spiral grain angle.

Rapid technological development, increased global competition, higher demands on quality and prices are among others factors that increase the pressure on companies. These demands have to be fulfilled in order to survive. By already from the start being aware of the problems is a first step within the development process, this leads to among other things to increased reliability. This thesis aims at developing a procedure to estimate reliability of electronic systems, partly by means of failure analyses and partly by military prediction standards, MIL-HDBK-217. Thereafter by taking advantage of an altered LCC-model calculate the total costs that in turn contribute to enhanced reliability. These calculations never performed until now, at the current case company, have led to that costumer has not been provided with enough information. This research promotes companies to understand the importance of reliability and its relation to the financial factors. Further, seen as a guide to orientate oneself within an ocean of equations and calculation alternatives.

Homes for students can be built with different methods. One method is to mount prefabricated concrete elements on location another method is to cast walls and beam floors with concrete on location. Both methods have their advantages and disadvantages. Two house owner companies in Växjö have built new apartments for students during 2002 and 2003. One company has built with prefabricated concrete elements and the other company has built on location. There are advantages and disadvantages in using any working method and this study illuminates the advantages and disadvantages respectively for each working method within economy, quality, working-environment, production problems, environment and time. This study shows that building a house with a frame of prefabricated concrete elements generates lots of advantages such as economic advantages, better working-environment, less garbage and shorter construction time. These advantages tell us that prefabrication in the building industry will increase in the future. Earlier studies have also made this conclusion. Increasing the prefabrication leads to shorter construction time, which decreases the building costs. More prefabricated buildingparts leads to less garbage and because of this less environmental pollution. It also means, in this case, that the working-environment for the construction workers has become better, because the costructionsight has been protected from the weather after mounting the frame. No conclusions can be drawn about quality or production problems because there are no specific advantages or disadvantages depending on construction-method.

The diplomawork will contain shaping and sizing of a playhouse for a projected preschool with Reggio Emilia pedagogy. The playhouse should be directed to children between three and five years old and it should be a part of their develop where they can get an outlet for their fantasy and creativity. It should create adventure, possibilities to exploration and tempt to physical movement. It should also tempt to spontaneous play, a play that will develop the children both socially and intellectually.

Any evident grain deviation will reduce strength and increase warp in sawn timber. To describe the magnitude and variance of grain angle in Norway spruce, specimens from 1046 Norwegian sawlogs and 380 logs from Sweden and Finland were examined. For individual specimens, grain angle outside the innermost zone closest to the pith might be expressed by a simple linear function of radial distance from the pith. The intercept and inclination of this function are close to bivariate normally distributed with mean values (SD) of 2.7° mm⁻¹ (1.9) and −0.039° mm⁻¹ (0.037), respectively. Inclination is less negative for wider annual rings (r = 0.3), and intercept and inclination are negatively correlated (r = −0.4). The constant rate of change indicates inherited property rather than influence of any dynamic, external stimulus. No predictor for grain angle pattern was found. The linear model leads to simplifications both when observing the grain angle in the forestry, and in calculations of strength properties and distortion in the timber industry.